BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY VOL. VII 19581959 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) LONDON: 1959 DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE PARTS No. i. 22 July . .... 1958 No. 2. 26 August I958 No. 3. 26 August . . . . . . I95 g No. 4. 12 September ...... 19 cg No. 5. 24 October IQ58 No. 6. 31 October No. 7. 14 October No. 8. 9 January No. 9. 30 January IQ5g PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN AT THE BARTHOLOMEW PRESS DORKING BY ADLARD AND SON, LTD. CONTENTS ENTOMOLOGY VOLUME VII No. i. The Mealy-Bugs (Pseudococcidae : Homoptera) described by W. J. Hall, F. Laing and A. H. Strickland from the Ethiopian Region. By D. J. WILLIAMS i No. 2. The African species of Stivalius, a genus of Siphonaptera. By F. G. A. M. SMIT 39 No. 3. The Pseudococcidae (Horn. : Coccoidea) described by C. K. Brain from South Africa. By G. DE LOTTO 77 No. 4. Revisions of Mallophaga Genera. Degeeriella from the falconiformes. By THERESA CLAY 121 No. 5. Revision du genre Exocentrus Mulsant (Col., Cerambycidae) . By S. BREUNING 209 No. 6. New and little known Emesinae (Reduviidae, Hemiptera) in the British Museum (Natural History), London. By P. WYGODZINSKY 329 No. 7. New species and subspecies of Odonata and some Trichoptera from S. Rhodesia and Portuguese East Africa. By D. E. KIMMINS 347 No. 8. New or little known Butterflies from Malaya. By Lr.-CoL. J. N. ELIOT 369 No. 9. A study of the New Zealand Chironomidae (Diptera, Nematocera). By PAUL FREEMAN 393 Index to Volume VII 439 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) DESCRIBED BY W. J. HALL, F. LAING AND A. H. STRICKLAND FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION D. J. WILLIAMS BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. i LONDON: 1958 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) DESCRIBED BY W. J. HALL, F. LAING AND A. H. STRICKLAND FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION BY D. J. WILLIAMS -" Commonwealth Institute of Entomol Pp. 1-37 ; J 5 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. i LONDON : 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical Series. Parts appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. i of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum 1958 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM Issued July, 1958 Price Ten Shillings THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) DESCRIBED BY W. J. HALL, F. LAING AND I A. H. STRICKLAND FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION By D. J. WILLIAMS Commonwealth Institute of Entomology THIS paper is one of a series to describe and illustrate, where necessary, all the mealy-bugs of the Ethiopian Region. The work is being undertaken jointly by the writer and by Mr. G. De Lotto of the Department of Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya. One paper has already appeared by De Lotto (1957) dealing with the species described by James from East Africa and another has been completed (Williams, 1958) on the species described by Maskell, Newstead, Cockerell and Green from the Ethiopian Region. Altogether twenty-three species are herein discussed, of which eighteen are regarded as valid and of these, illustrations are given of fifteen. Excellent illustrations of the remaining three species have been given already by other authors and these will be mentioned in the appropriate places. The redescription in each case is based on the holotype and type material held in the British Museum (Natural History). Following the system in my earlier paper, no attempt will be made, in this instance, to erect new genera as the main purpose is to redescribe the species. A species will be placed in a different known genus, however, should this be thought necessary. The terms used are those in current use and are drawn mainly from Ferris (1950), Ezzatt & McConnell (1956) and Borkhsenius (1949). Although many of the species discussed are known from the original discovery only, a few have been collected in other localities in recent years. No attempt is made here to list all localities and hosts as it is hoped to incorporate this aspect in a final revision of the Pseudococcidae. I am indebted to Mr. G. De Lotto for kindly comparing material of Antonina indica panica Hall with the related species described by Brain. THE SPECIES DESCRIBED BY W. J. HALL Hall described five mealy-bugs from Southern Rhodesia and two from South Africa. One of these, Trionymus pterocauloni , described from Southern Rhodesia, is here regarded as being identical with T. sanguineus James. Hall (1937) recorded Trionymus masrensis Hall from Southern Rhodesia but this material is not the same ENTOM. 7. I. I 4 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) as the type from Egypt. An interesting species described by Hall (1941) as Molluscococcus fibrillae from Southern Rhodesia and listed as a Pseudococcine form is here considered to belong to the family Dactylopiidae, recently denned by Ferris (19550) . Two species described from Egypt, Antonina indica panica and Phenacoccus inermis are discussed because the latter is here recorded from the Republic of the Sudan and the former was recorded by Hall (1937) from Southern Rhodesia. Antonina indica panica Hall Antonina indica var. panica Hall, 1925, Bull. Minist. Agric. Egypt, 64 : 6. Antonina indica var. panica Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 125. Hall described this species from Egypt on Panicum turgidum and later recorded it from Theydon, Southern Rhodesia on the roots of Eragrostis sp. near chalcantha. It seems probable that it is the same as a species described by Brain from South Africa. Mr. De Lotto, who is reviewing the species described by Brain will deal with this question in a future paper. Mirococcus inermis (Hall) (Text-fig, i) Phenacoccus inermis Hall, 1925, Bull. Minist. Agric. Egypt, 64 : 7. Mirococcus inermis (Hall), Borkhsenius, 1947, Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. S.S.R. 7 : 142. HABIT. Originally described by Hall from material collected near Helwan, Egypt, on the roots of Cleome arabica, Cressa cretica, Frankenia pulvemlenta and Zygophyllum simplex. It has since been recorded throughout North Africa and Borkhsenius (1949) has recorded the species from Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan and Tadjikistan in the U.S.S.R. Material is at hand from the Ethiopian Region collected at Khartoum, Sudan on Portulaca sp. Hall gives the following description of the external appearance : " Naples-yellow in colour, covered some- what sparsely but uniformly with white pulverulent secretionary matter. Marginal filaments wanting. Skin delicate." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. The shape of the adult female varies considerably according to the age of the individual. In the young adult the shape is elongate-oval but later becomes more rounded and some specimens become globose ; older speci- mens attaining a length of 3-5 mm. Posterior end of body rounded, anal lobes obsolete. Antennae short, 9-segmented, the terminal segment rounded. Legs short and slender, with a denticle on the plantar surface of the claw. Circulus rather large. Ostioles poorly developed with three or four trilocular pores and an occasional seta on each lip. Anal ring with six setae which are slightly shorter than the diameter of the ring. The outer ring is composed of small pores giving the whole ring a narrow appearance. Cerarii absent. Dorsal setae all short and slender, not numerous. Multilocular disc pores distributed over dorsum, scattered on head and thorax but they occupy transverse rows on the abdomen. Tubular ducts small, of the oral collar type, present on the abdomen only where they are sparse and are arranged more or less in transverse rows, there being scarcely more than ten on any THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) *>'" ' >*> //.'/'/ ' .' *> -'.<'*'.''"' ':'" * o FIG. i. 6 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) one segment and usually less on the posterior segments. Trilocular pores few, evenly distributed. Ventral surface with a pair of long, stout, apical setae. Ventral setae having a similar distribution to those on the dorsum but they tend to be longer, especially on the posterior segments. Multilocular disc pores scattered on the head and thorax but there is a noticeable group posterior to each spiracle. On the abdomen they lie in transverse rows and lateral groups and are more numerous than on the dorsum. Tubular ducts sparse on the thorax where they are present mainly on the margins and between the first legs. They form transverse rows on the abdominal segments and become more numerous posteriorly. Trilocular pores evenly but sparsely distributed. NOTES. This species has been made the type of the genus Mirococcus. The total absence of cerarii, the g-segmented antennae and the denticle on the claw serve to distinguish the species. Octococcus pentziae Hall (Text-fig. 2) Octococcus pentziae Hall, 1939, /. ent. Soc, S. Afr. 2 : 93. HABIT. Described from Grootfontein School of Agriculture, Middelburg, Cape, South Africa on Pentzia sp. (Compositae) . Hall gives the following description of the insect in life : " Adult female enclosed in a closely felted sac which is white or more often dirty white on account of extraneous matter which has become incor- porated. The sac is broadly ovoid and convex, almost globular, with a small orifice towards one extremity." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. A small oval species rarely exceeding 1-5 mm. in length. Antennae g-segmented. Legs long and slender with a few translucent pores on the hind coxae. Small conical setae are situated on the coxae, trochanters and tibiae of the second and third pairs of legs. Claw with a minute denticle. Circulus absent. Ostioles poorly developed, there being a posterior pair only, each of which is in the form of a narrow slit with sclerotized lips. Anal ring with six setae which are about one and a half times as long as the diameter of the ring. The anal ring is often located at a short distance from the apex of the body and as the cisanal setae are of similar size and shape to the anal ring setae and lie very close to the posterior end of the ring, the impression is given of a ring with eight setae. Cerarii confined to the two posterior segments. Anal lobe cerarii each composed of a pair of short conical setae accompanied by about four long stout blunt setae and two or three trilocular pores surrounded by an elongate sclerotized area. Penultimate cerarii each with two conical setae and two long auxiliary setae and with one or two trilocular pores, surrounded by a small oval area of sclerotization. Dorsal setae not numerous, of various sizes but all rather stout and blunt. The longer setae tend to be more numerous on the posterior abdominal segments. Dorsal multilocular disc pores absent. Tubular ducts of two sizes, the largest with an oral rim and with the duct of a large diameter. There is also another rim encircling the middle of the tube. These ducts are not numerous and occupy THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) FIG. 2. 8 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) single transverse rows. The smaller type of duct is rather slender but has a wide flat oral rim which is not heavily sclerotized. They lie in transverse rows on the abdomen but become scattered on the thorax and head. Trilocular pores sparse. Ventral surface with a curved area of sclerotization on the anal lobes which is continuous with the dorsal sclerotization. Apical setae slightly longer than anal ring setae. Ventral setae of various sizes but more slender than those on the dorsum, not numerous. Multilocular disc pores present mainly on the abdomen where they are situated hi single transverse rows on the anterior and posterior edges of the segments. A few pores are located on the thorax. Tubular ducts similar to the small type on the dorsal surface, are present in no definite arrangement but they tend to occupy transverse rows on the abdomen. A few are present on the thorax especially around the margins. Trilocular pores not numerous. NOTES. This species was made the type of the genus Octococcus Hall on the basis of the anal ring with eight setae. An examination of a number of specimens has shown that the two posterior setae are detached from the ring and are the cisanal setae which often lie on the dorsal surface when the ring is located even a short distance from the apex of the body. Hall has stated that the claw is without a denticle but in all the specimens seen there is a small but distinct denticle at the distal end. This is quite a distinctive species and there is no doubt that the genus is valid although another species Puto africanus Brain which Hall assigned to it does not seem to be congeneric. Paracoccus proteae (Hall) (comb, nov.) (Text-fig. 3) Pseudococcus proteae Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 128. HABIT. Described originally from Inyazura, Southern Rhodesia on Protea sp. Hall gave the following account of the species in life : "A small ovate species in which the brownish colour is obscured by a coating of white pulverulent matter. Four short and stout caudal filaments ; these are about 1/3 of the length of the body of the insect. A few successively shorter marginal filaments occur on the abdominal segments, but these are poorly developed in some individuals. Ovisac of indeter- minate shape. Eggs very pale brown almost yellow." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female ovate, a rather small species measuring approximately 2-5 mm. X 1-5 mm. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs long and slender for the size of the insect. Dorsal ostioles well developed, the lips with a few setae and trilocular pores and the inner edges moderately sclerotized. Circulus absent. Anal ring with six setae, these longer than the diameter of the ring and longer than the cisanal setae. Dorsal surface with a reduced number of cerarii there being seven to nine pairs present. Each cerarius consists of two setae surrounded by a few trilocular pores and without auxiliary setae, the cerarian setae becoming more slender anteriorly so that the anteriormost resemble the other setae on the dorsum. Dorsal setae not numerous but all short and slender. Multilocular disc pores absent. Tubular ducts present of the oral rim type only, these arranged singly near the THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) '-- co FIG. 3 io THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) margins of each segment except the last. The penultimate segment has usually a group of two or three. A single oral rim duct is usually situated in the mid-region of the fifth to eighth abdominal segments. Trilocular pores not numerous, evenly distributed. Ventral surface with a small lightly sclerotized anal bar with a short bar seta. Apical setae detached from the bar. Ventral setae not numerous, of similar shape and size to those on the dorsum but on the abdomen and between the antenna! bases there are longer setae present. Multilocular disc pores on the abdomen only, arranged in more or less single transverse rows at the posterior edges of the fourth and posterior segments. Ventral tubular ducts of two types. Some of the oral rims ducts similar to those on the dorsum are situated mainly in a submarginal zone on the thorax, there being usually a noticeable group lateral to the first spiracles. Smaller tubular ducts of the oral collar type are distributed on the prevulvar abdominal segments in transverse rows and also in marginal groups on all the abdominal segments. They are very sparse on the thorax and absent on the head. Trilocular pores not numerous, evenly distributed. NOTES. This species seems to be referable to the genus Paracoccus Ezzatt & McConnell and belongs to the group with seven definite pairs of cerarii. It comes close to P. solani Ezzatt & McConnell described from Arizona both species lacking a circulus, but differs in possessing fewer dorsal oral rim ducts on the head and thorax. Pseudococcus barleriae Hall (Text-fig. 4) Pseudococcus barleriae Hall, 1939, /. ent. Soc. S. Afr. 2 : 96. HABIT. Described from Pretoria, South Africa on Barleria macrostegia (Acan- thaceae) , in the curled leaves at the end of twigs. Hall gives the following description of the habit : " Adult female small and rarely exceeding 1-5 mm. in length, oval in shape, pale brown in colour and sparsely coated with white pulverulent matter. No marginal or caudal filaments apparent. Eggs yellow and in some individuals they were observed to emerge joined together like a string of sausages." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Body of mounted female oval and measuring approximately 1-5 mm. long. Antennae 7-segmented. Legs normal except the hind coxae which are noticeably large in comparison to the other coxae, the junction of the coxae to the derm being rather indistinct ; each hind coxa and tibia with a num- ber of translucent pores. Circulus absent. Ostioles represented by a poorly developed posterior pair only, with a few trilocular pores on each lip and apparently without setae. Hall has stated in his original description that the anterior pair is also present but this has not been seen in any of the specimens examined. Length of anal ring setae about one and a half times the diameter of the ring. Cerarii confined to the anal lobes although there is often a single cerarian seta on the pen- ultimate segment. Anal lobe cerarius composed of two medium sized setae and a few trilocular pores ; one or two auxiliary setae are also present. Dorsal setae not numerous, all short and slender. Multilocular disc pores arranged in single trans- THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) n o FIG. 4 ENTOM. 7. I. I 12 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) verse rows at the posterior edges of the thoracic and abdominal segments. Dorsal tubular ducts, small and confined to the margins in small groups. Trilocular pores sparse following the pattern of the dorsal setae. Ventral surface with a pair of apical setae, these nearly twice as long as the anal ring setae. Ventral setae rather sparse, short and slender but they tend to be longer than the dorsal setae. Multilocular disc pores scattered on the head and thorax where they are not numerous. On the anterior abdominal segments they are also scattered but posteriorly they lie in transverse rows on the anterior and posterior edges of the segments ; there are about twenty-five pores posterior to the vulva. Tubular ducts, similar to those on the dorsum, are present in transverse rows on the three prevulvar segments and apart from a few scattered ducts they are mainly arranged in submarginal groups on the thorax and abdomen. Trilocular pores sparse but evenly distributed. NOTES. The distinctive features of this species are the 7-segmented antennae, the reduced number of cerarii, the distribution of the multilocular disc pores on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces and the rather large hind coxae. It does not belong to the genus Pseudococcus as now defined but it is retained in this genus for the time being until further study has been made of the African species. Pseudococcus mazoeensis Hall (Text-fig. 5) Pseudococcus mazoeensis Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 127. HABIT. This species was described from Mazoe, Southern Rhodesia, on Acacia sp. (Leguminosae) and Zizyphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae). The habit is given by Hall as follows : " Adult female, globose, usually brown in colour but some indi- viduals show a tinge of pink. It has a somewhat dense covering of white pulverulent matter which in old specimens has often been worn off to some extent. Marginal filaments confined to the abdominal region ; they are short and stout increasing in size towards the caudal extremity but even the caudal pair are short. Adult female viviparous." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female broadly oval, the older specimens attaining a length of 3 mm. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs rather short and stout with a few translucent pores on the hind coxae and tibiae. Circulus present, well developed. Ostioles large with the inner edges of the lips sclerotized and each lip with about three to six setae and a few trilocular pores. Anal ring with six setae, these about twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Cerarii confined to the last six abdominal segments, although there are sometimes seven present. Anal lobe cerarii usually composed of three conical setae surrounded by a number of trilocular pores. Penultimate cerarii each with about nine conical setae which vary in size. The cerarii of the seventh abdominal segment are similar to the penultimate but anteriorly they become smaller so that the anteriormost cerarii each have about five setae or less and a small number of trilocular pores. Dorsal surface beset with small slender setae. The only dorsal pores present are trilocular which are somewhat abundant, and also a few small circular disc pores. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) FIG. 5 i 4 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) Ventral surface with a faintly sclerotized anal lobe bar and a slender bar seta. The apical seta is detached from the bar and is about twice the length of the anal ring setae. There is apparently a pair of cisanal setae present which are nearly as long as the anal ring setae and also a shorter pair of obanal setae. Ventral setae rather numerous, of various sizes, mainly short and slender but they are generally longer than those on the dorsum. Multttocular disc pores on all segments posterior to the circulus. On the fifth and sixth segments they form single transverse rows but on the seventh and eighth segments they lie in double transverse rows and do not extend to the margins. Ventral tubular ducts of the oral collar type situated in transverse rows and lateral groups on the three prevulvar segments. On the fifth segment they form small lateral groups only and a few are present around the anal lobes. Trilocular pores evenly distributed, not so numerous as on dorsal surface. Small circular disc pores scattered. NOTES. This species does not belong to the genus Pseudococcus as now understood and bears characters which link it with the genus Cataenococcus as recently described by Ferris (1955) and especially to C. phoradendri (Cockerell). It differs from all the known species of Cataenococcus, however, in having the anal ring located at the apex of the body instead of being set at about its own length from the apex of the body. Pseudococcus rhodesiensis Hall (Text-fig. 6) Pseudococcus rhodesiensis Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 130. HABIT. This species was described from South Marendellas, Southern Rhodesia on grass roots. Hall gave the following description of the habit : " Adult female ovate to elongate oval and pale to bright yellow in colour. The segmentation is distinct and the dermis is sparsely dusted with a little white pulverulent matter. No marginal or caudal filaments apparent. Later the female becomes enclosed in a cell of white fibres of indeterminate shape, the inside of which is comparatively smooth and matted." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female as mounted on the slide, elongate-oval measuring approximately 3-5 mm. long, the posterior end of the body rounded. Antennae very short with either six, seven or eight segments. Legs small in com- parison to the size of the body, claws without a denticle. Circulus absent. Anterior and posterior ostioles absent. Anal ring with six setae, their lengths being nearly twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Outer ring of anal ring pores rather numerous, giving the ring a wide appearance. Spiracles with wide apodemal plates but without a crescentic band of pores on the spiracular opening. Cerarii represented by a single pair on the anal lobes each usually composed of a single short conical seta surrounded by a few long stout auxiliary setae but without trilocular pores. Dorsal setae not numerous of various lengths but all slender and not lanceolate. Apart from the group of long auxiliary setae surrounding each anal lobe cerarius there is another group on the margin of the penultimate segment. A few other long marginal setae are present on some of the other abdominal segments. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE ; HOMOPTERA) 16 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) Dorsal multilocular disc pores in groups of up to twelve ; numerous across the abdominal segments but present on the thorax mainly on the margins. Each group of pores surrounds a small slender tubular duct but there is often more than one duct present probably because the groups are merged. Single pores are often scattered between the groups. On the last three segments there is a variable number of sieve-like disc pores. These are usually larger than the multilocular disc pores and the shape varies from circular to oval. Trilocular pores about the same size as the multilocular disc pores, always round ; usually distributed along the anterior and posterior margins of the abdominal segments. They are sparser on the thorax and head. Small circular disc pores scattered. Ventral surface with a few long setae on the margins of the abdominal segments. Other setae short and slender, not numerous. Multilocular disc pores in similar groups to those on the dorsal surface ; numerous in transverse rows on the abdomen and around the margins. Sieve-like disc pores present on the three posterior segments. Trilocular pores more numerous than on the dorsum there being notice- able concentrations around the spiracular openings. Small circular disc pores present in no definite arrangement. NOTES. The groups of multilocular disc pores each surrounding a slender tubular duct would suggest a relationship with the genus Peliococcus Borkhsenius. Nevertheless this genus belongs to the Phenacoccus series with g-segmented antennae, with a denticle on the claw and with ventral quinquelocular pores. As rhodesiensis has none of these characters and as it possesses sieve-like disc pores on the abdomen and spiracles with rather wide apodemal plates it may be that it has some relationship, however remote, to the grass feeding genera centred around Antonina Signoret and Antoninoides Ferris. It is significant that Antoninoides parrotti (Cockerell) has extremely small antennae and legs similar to those of rhodesiensis. Trionymus inyazurae Hall (Text-fig. 7) Trionymus inyazurae Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 131. HABIT. Originally described from Inyazura, Southern Rhodesia on grass just underground at the base of the aerial shoots. Hall notes the external appearance as follows : " Adult female ovate, pale brown to maroon, but the colour is somewhat obscured by a very fine and uniform film of white pulverulent matter. Segmentation distinct. There are no marginal filaments, and in the absence of these the four very short caudal filaments are readily seen. Ovisac of indeterminate form but composed of fibres that are capable of being drawn out to a considerable length. Eggs pale brown. Young adult females are relatively elongate filling out and becoming more ovate later." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female in prepared specimens, ovate and measuring approximately 2-5 mm. long. Posterior edge of body rounded. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs normal, rather slender with a few translucent pores on hind coxae. Circulus absent. Anterior and posterior ostioles moderately developed, THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) FIG. 7 i8 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) the lips with a few trilocular pores but apparently without setae. Anal ring with six setae, the lengths of which are nearly twice the diameter of the ring. Cerarii confined to the anal lobes only, each consisting of two small conical setae surrounded by a small cluster of trilocular pores and three or four short, slender, auxiliary setae surrounded by a lightly sclerotized area. Dorsal setae evenly distributed, not numerous and all short and slender. Multilocular disc pores present on the dorsum, these rather scattered on the head and thorax but on the abdomen they are distri- buted in transverse rows at the anterior and posterior edges of the segments ; they are absent on the last segment. Tubular ducts distributed over entire dorsum, of three sizes all of the oral collar type. A large type, few in number, is distributed mainly on the anterior head region and singly on the margins ; other single ducts are present on the dorsum but these are not constant in number or position. An intermediate size present over entire dorsum, rather numerous and arranged more or less in transverse rows across the segments. Small tubular ducts on the last four segments only, these in transverse rows at the posterior edges of the segments except the last where there is a small marginal group, the latter being the only ducts on the last segment. Trilocular pores not numerous but evenly distributed. Ventral surface with a pair of apical setae which are stouter and longer than the anal ring setae. Ventral setae similar to those on dorsum. Multilocular disc pores rather numerous on the abdomen at the anterior and posterior edges of the segments, becoming less numerous anteriorly on the thorax. They are sparse on the head. Tubular ducts of the same three sizes as those on the dorsum. An occasional duct of the large type is present on the margins and on the anterior head region. The intermediate size duct is the most numerous, these scattered on the thorax, but on the abdomen they lie in transverse rows and lateral groups. Numerous small tubular ducts confined to the last three segments. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. This species does not seem to be a typical Trionymus but it bears a close similarity to T. magnus (Cockerell & Cockerell) known only from North West Mexico and recently redescribed by Ferris (1953). The latter species has been placed in Trionymus but it differs from inyazurae mainly in having a small circulus and 7-segmented antennae instead of 8-segmented antennae. It is significant that inyazurae is a grass-feeding species, as are most species of Trionymus. Trionymus pterocauloni Hall = Trionymus sanguineus James (SYN. NOV.) Trionymus pterocauloni Hall, 1937, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Land. 86 : 133. This species was described by Hall from Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia on Pterocaulon decurrens and Trifolium sp. It is identical, however, with Trionymus sanguineus described by James (1936) to which the name Trionymus pterocauloni Hall is here sunk as a synonym. De Lotto (1957) has already redescribed sanguineus and given an illustration. THE SPECIES DESCRIBED BY F. LAING Seven species have been described from the Ethiopian Region by Laing at one time or another. Two names have been sunk as synonyms already and a further THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 19 name is synonymized herein. Ezzatt & McConnell (1956) have redescribed and illustrated Planococcoides njalensis. In the accompanying pages, illustrations and descriptions are given of Heliococcus phaseoli, Pseudococcus hargreavesi and Pseudococcus ugandae. Heliococcus phaseoli (Laing) (Text-fig. 8) Phenacoccus phaseoli Laing, 1929, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 4 : 475. Heliococcus phaseoli (Laing), Goux, 1934, Bull. soc. ent. Fr. 39 : 171. HABIT. This species was described from Hill Station, Sierra Leone on dwarf beans. Laing was unable to give any description of the external appearance as the specimens were preserved in alcohol. RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female ovate measuring approximately 3-5 mm. long. Anal lobes moderately sclerotized on the dorsal surface. Antennae 9-segmented. Legs stout and long, with a denticle on the claw. Circulus rather large and wide. Ostioles moderately developed, each lip with about two setae and a few trilocular pores. Anal ring with six setae, these being slightly longer than the diameter of the ring. Cerarii numbering thirteen pairs and borne at the apices of small membranous tubercles. There is a cerarius on the margin of each abdominal segment and the remaining cerarii are situated evenly on the margins of the thorax and head. Each cerarius composed of a pair of lanceolate setae surrounded by a few trilocular pores. Dorsal surface with minute lanceolate setae which are quite sparse. Dorsal multilocular disc pores numerous, in definite transverse rows on all abdominal segments except the last, on the three thoracic segments and one row on the head. Crateriform ducts present in transverse rows, these being of three sizes. There are two pairs of large crateriform ducts on the anal lobes, each duct having three or four setae around the base of the duct prominence. Intermediate sized crateriform ducts are situated mainly in groups of two or three around the margins and an occasional duct is present in the mid-region. These ducts have three, or occasionally four, setae around the base of the duct prominence. Small crateriform ducts each with a single seta at the base of the duct prominence are present in single transverse rows on the abdomen whilst on the head and thorax they form irregular rows. A few small tubular ducts of the oral collar type are present in marginal groups on the seventh and eighth segments. Trilocular pores not numerous, evenly distributed. Ventral surface with a pair of long apical setae accompanied by two shorter setae. In some specimens there is a small area of faint sclerotization near each apical seta but this is indistinct. Ventral setae of various sizes, there being some long setae especially in the mid-region interspersed with shorter setae. Minute lanceolate setae similar to those on the dorsum are located around the margins. Multilocular disc pores numerous. On the abdominal segments they occupy dense transverse rows at the anterior and posterior edges of the segments and on. the head and thorax they form irregular rows. Quinquelocular pores sparse, there being a few between the transverse rows of multilocular disc pores on the abdomen and groups between 20 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) 'fewfel^=fefc^^ r ' -- *"< *- t Mk ''\* '. / : . fV .' ; ^ x <^' * /* ' * ' ' --0-Ctf * ' ' V-- * J* .'. .//. > '." ." . -""V: '',- '". *' " o FIG. 8 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 21 the coxae. Small crateriform ducts similar to the small type on the dorsal surface are distributed around the margins but they are not numerous. There are noticeable groups posterior to each spiracle. Small oral collar tubular ducts in transverse rows between the rows of multilocular disc pores on the abdomen. They are fairly numerous on the posterior segments but become fewer anteriorly ; a few are present between the coxae. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. Goux (1934) included this species in the genus Heliococcus Sulc on the basis of the crateriform pores. It seems to belong to this genus although the type species has eighteen pairs of cerarii whilst phaseoli has only thirteen pairs. Borkhsenius (1949), however, has described a number of species with two to eighteen pairs of cerarii and it seems that the number can be variable. Paraputo ritchiei Laing = Paraputo anomala (Newstead) Paraputo ritchiei Laing, 1929, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 4 : 473. In an earlier paper of this series (Williams, 1958) it has been established that this species is identical with Paraputo anomala (Newstead) to which the name ritchiei was sunk as a synonym. Planococcoides njalensis (Laing) Pseudococcus njalensis Laing, 1929, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 4 : 472. Pseudococcus exitiabilis Laing, 1944, Bull. ent. Res. 35 : 91. Pseudococcus njalensis Laing, Hall, 1945, Bull. ent. Res. 36 : 305. Planococcoides njalensis (Laing), Ezzatt & McConnell, 1956, Univ. Maryland Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. A 84 : 55. Laing described njalensis in 1929 from Sierra Leone and in 1944 described exitiabilis from Gold Coast. It has been shown by Hall (1945) that the latter name is a synonym of njalensis and that the species is extremely variable. Great interest has been shown in this species in recent years as it is a vector of the " Swollen Shoot " virus disease of cacao. It is probably widespread throughout West Africa and the reader is referred to the paper by Hall who discussed its distribution and host records. Ezzatt & McConnell (1956) have recently made it the type species of the genus Planococcoides and have given an excellent illustration. Pseudococcus bukobensis Laing = Pseudococcus hargreavesi Laing An examination of type material of Pseudococcus bukobensis Laing described in 1929 has shown that it is identical with Pseudococcus hargreavesi Laing described in 1925 and the synonymy is given in the discussion of the latter species. Pseudococcus exitiabilis Laing = Pseudococcus njalensis (Laing) As previously stated this species has been shown by Hall (1945) to be the same as njalensis and it is listed here purely for reference. 22 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) Pseudococcus hargreavesi Laing (Text-fig. 9) Pseudococcus hargreavesi Laing, 1925, Bull. ent. Res. 16 : 52. Pseudococcus bukobensis Laing, 1929, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 4 : 471 (SYN. NOV.). HABIT. Described originally from Kampala, Uganda on Bauhinia sp. and again under P. bukobensis from Bukoba, Tanganyika Territory on coffee. In neither case is there any description of the insect in life due to the specimens having been preserved in alcohol. RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Body of adult female oval, attaining a length of 4 mm. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs long and slender without a denticle on the claw, hind coxae and tibiae with a few translucent pores. Circulus present. Ostioles moderately developed, with the inner edges of the lips slightly sclerotized and with two or three setae and a few trilocular pores on each lip. Anal ring with six setae which are nearly twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Spiracles with a rather short, broad, apodemal plate. Cerarii numbering eighteen pairs. Anal lobe cerarii each with about seven conical setae of various sizes, with a few trilocular pores and one or two auxiliary setae surrounded by a characteristic sclerotized area. Penultimate cerarii similar to anal lobe cerarii each surrounded by a smaller area of sclerotization. The anterior cerarii are each composed of a few conical setae, there being rarely less than four setae and sometimes as many as seven but their numbers vary in different specimens. Dorsal surface with minute lanceolate setae which are not numerous. Trilocular pores accompany these setae in definite areas only there being thus some areas devoid of pores and setae as illustrated. A few tubular ducts of the oral collar type are usually scattered on the thorax. Ventral surface of anal lobes each with a small sclerotized anal bar and a long slender bar seta. The apical seta is detached from the bar and is stouter and longer than the anal ring setae. Ventral setae not lanceolate, mainly long and slender but not numerous. Multilocular disc pores present on all segments posterior to the circulus, situated in the mid-region in transverse rows. On the fifth and sixth segments they form single rows at the posterior edges and on the seventh and eighth segments they form double rows. There are a few pores on the anterior edge of the seventh segment and a more or less double row on the anterior edge of the eighth segment. They are numerous between the anal lobes. Tubular ducts in transverse rows on the fourth to eighth abdominal segments and in marginal groups from the thorax to the anal lobes. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES, an examination of type material of Pseudococcus bukobensis Laing has shown that it is the same as P. hargreavesi Laing and the former name is here sunk as a synonym. This is a distinctive species which seems to belong to the tribe Planococcini as defined by Ezzatt & McConnell (1956) . The dorsal setae are typically lanceolate resembling those of the Phenacoccus series, nevertheless the antennae are 8-segmented and there is no denticle on the claw. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) '..' /.*< . .'; : ".*.*. vV ' :r - .' FIG. 9 24 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) Pseudococcus ugandae Laing (Text-fig. 10) Pseudococcus ugandae Laing, 1925, Bull. ent. Res. 16 : 53. HABIT. Described from Kakumiro, Uganda on Grevillea robusta. Laing has given no indication of the external covering, presumably because his type material had been preserved in alcohol. RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female broadly oval, attaining a length of 3-5 mm. Anal lobes rather small, the dorsal surface sclerotized. Antennae 9- segmented. Legs slender, claw without a denticle. Circulus moderately developed. Ostioles present, the inner edges of the lips slightly sclerotized and the lips with a few trilocular pores and rarely with setae. Anal ring with six setae which are about twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Cerarii on the five posterior segments only. Anal lobe cerarii each with a pair of conical setae surrounded by a few tri- locular pores and two auxiliary setae. Anterior cerarii similar to those on anal lobes, with a few trilocular pores, but the two anteriormost cerarii are each usually composed of one seta which is smaller than the other cerarian setae. Dorsal surface with slender setae of moderate length but not numerous. Dorsal multilocular disc pores absent. Tubular ducts of three sizes. Large tubular ducts present, of the oral rim type, distributed mainly in marginal groups of two or three or even five on the posterior segments, there being also a few on the mid-region of the thorax. These large ducts are often in pairs and are thus easily noticeable. An intermediate size tubular duct with an oral rim is distributed sparsely over the dorsum mainly in irregular transverse rows. Small tubular ducts of the oral collar type are present among the intermediate type but they are not numerous. Trilocular pores sparse, evenly distributed. Ventral surface with a pair of long stout apical setae which are longer than the anal ring setae. There is a wide sclerotized anal bar continuous with the dorsal sclerotization of each anal lobe, bearing a pair of long setae. Other ventral setae of moderate length and similar to those on the dorsum. Multilocular disc pores on all segments posterior to the circulus. On the fifth segment they occupy a double transverse row on the posterior edge. Posteriorly they are numerous in transverse rows at the anterior and posterior edges of the segments. Small tubular ducts each with an oral collar, not numerous, distributed mainly in irregular transverse rows between the multilocular disc pores on the abdomen ; anteriorly they are scattered. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. This species does not belong to the genus Pseudococcus as now understood. It seems to have close affinities to Phenacoccus hirsutus Green in possessing 9- segmented antennae, only five pairs of cerarii and with numerous oral rim ducts. In hirsutus there are large oral rim ducts on the ventral surface which are absent in ugandae. Laing has stated in his original description that the antennae are 8- segmented and that there is an obscure division across the eighth segment suggesting a tendency to a g-segmented form. In all the specimens seen the antennae are distinctly g-segmented. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) FIG. 10 26 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) THE SPECIES DESCRIBED BY A. H. STRICKLAND Strickland collected some important scale insects in the Gold Coast during a period of research into the vectors of the virus causing " Swollen Shoot " disease of cacao. In two papers, Strickland (1947, 19470) described seven new mealy-bugs, mainly from cacao. These are very interesting and give some indication of what might be expected after further intensive collecting in West Africa. Two of these species have been adequately redescribed and illustrated recently by other workers. The remaining five species are redescribed in the following pages. Cataenococcus loranthi (Strickland) Farinococcus loranthi Strickland, 1947, Bull. ent. Res. 38 : 515. Catenococcus loranthi (Strickland), Balachowsky, 1954, ^ ev - Path veg. 33 : 247 (mis-spelling). Strickland described this species in the genus Farinococcus from Tafo, Gold Coast, on Loranthus bangwensis attended by an undetermined ant of the genus Cremato- gaster. Ferris (1955) erected the genus Cataenococcus with Dactylopius olivaceus Cockerell as type, mainly on the basis of the 8-segmented antennae and the anal ring with six to ten setae. Balachowsky (1954) has placed loranthi in the genus Cataenococcus and given an excellent illustration from specimens collected in French Guinea on Rhizophora racemosa. Delococcus tafoensis (Strickland) Formicococcus tafoensis Strickland, 1947, Bull. ent. Res. 38 : 513. Delococcus tafoensis (Strickland), Ferris, 1955, Microentomology, 20 : 5. Originally described from Tafo, Eastern Province, Gold Coast on Theobroma cacao. It has been made the type of the genus Delococcus by Ferris (1955) on the basis of the 6-segmented antennae and the numerous setae on the anal ring. Ferris has also illustrated this species. Planococcus celtis (Strickland) (comb, nov.) (Text-fig, u) Pseudococcus celtis Strickland, 1947, Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 16 : 154. HABIT. Described originally from Tafo, Eastern Province, Gold Coast, on Celtis sp. (Urticaceae). The habit has been described by Strickland as follows : " Oval to sub-circular in shape, completely covered dorsally and ventrally with white wax, thinner along the intersegmental membranes, and ventrally, especially around the beak and coxae. With seventeen or eighteen pairs of stout lateral wax filaments, the anal pair being slightly longer than the abdominal pairs, and these longer than those anteriorly placed. No dorsal median wax-free stripe. Body colour when wax removed, a dull lemon yellow." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. A broadly oval species measuring approximately 2 mm. long on the slide. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs short and stout, the hind legs with some translucent pores on the coxa and tibia. Circulus present, normal for THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 27 o FIG. ii 28 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) the genus. Ostioles well developed with the inner edges of the lips sclerotized and with about seven setae and a few trilocular pores on each lip. Anal ring with six setae which are only slightly longer than the diameter of the ring but they are longer than the cisanal setae. Dorsal surface of anal lobes moderately sclerotized. Cerarii numbering eighteen pairs. Each cerarius composed of a pair of stout conical setae which are pointed or flagellate distally, surrounded by a group of trilocular pores and often one or two slender auxiliary setae. The third cerarius usually has one or two extra conical setae which are smaller than the main pair. Dorsal tubular ducts and multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores with an even distribution ; there are often one or two trilocular pores at the bases of some of the setae on the thorax but these are not to be confused with dorsal cerarii. Ventral surface with a pair of long apical setae which are over twice as long as the anal ring setae. Anal lobe bar reaching to the apical seta, with the bar seta as long as an anal ring seta. Ventral setae not numerous but generally longer than those on the dorsum. Multilocular disc pores confined to the abdominal segments posterior to the circulus, in single transverse rows except on the first prevulvar segment where they are in a double row. They are situated mainly in the mid-region of the segments but often reach to the margins. Approximate numbers of pores on each segment as follows : V 8, VI 22, VII 22, VIII 28, IX 20. Tubular ducts of the oral collar type mainly present in submarginal groups on the seventh and eighth segments. There is also an occasional duct in the mid-regions of these segments. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. This species seems to be intermediate between two species described by De Lotto from Kenya as P. rotundatus and P. subukiaensis. It is related to the former species by the cerarii possessing auxiliary setae but differs in possessing more multilocular disc pores. The arrangement of the multilocular disc pores is similar to that of subukiaensis but the latter has no auxiliary setae with the cerarii. Rhizoecus spelaea (Strickland) (comb, nov.) (Text-fig. 12) Coccidella spelaea Strickland, 1947, Bull. ent. Res. 38 : 502. HABIT. Originally described from Tafo, Gold Coast on the roots of Theobroma cacao. Strickland gives the following description of the external appearance : " Covered with a thin layer of finely particulate white wax, thinner along the inter- segmental membranes and around the beak and coxae. With one pair of short, stout, wax filaments on the last abdominal segment." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. An oval species, widest on the thorax and with the abdomen tapering gradually. Length as mounted on the slide approximately 2 mm. Antennae 6-segmented, strongly geniculate, there being four stout, curved, blunt setae on the two apical segments. Legs with long slender claws and with the claw digitules reduced to small slender setae. Circuli three in number being rather large for the genus, each having a reticulated surface. The anterior circulus lying between the hind coxae and the other two circuli on the two posterior segments ; the middle THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) 29 O FIG. 12 30 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) circulus being the largest and the posterior circulus the smallest. Dorsal ostioles poorly developed with sclerotized lips but without setae or trilocular pores. Anal ring wide with irregular oval pores, setae about twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Eyes and cephalic plate apparently absent. Anal lobes with faint sclero- tization and each with two dorsal and one ventral setae, these quite long. Dorsal surface with few setae, all short and slender. Dorsal multilocular disc pores absent. Tubular ducts often situated on the margins of the anterior abdominal segments, these rather small and their shape being somewhat difficult to determine. A few tritubular pores are present on the head margin. Trilocular pores sparse. Ventral surface with small slender setae which are quite sparse. Multilocular disc pores absent. Tubular ducts similar to those on dorsum in transverse rows on the abdomen where they are more numerous on the anterior segments. Tritubular pores situated between the coxae, varying in number but there are usually about six pairs present. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. This species was originally described in the genus Coccidella Hambleton but is here placed in the genus Rhizoecus following the redefinition of this genus by Ferris (1953). The species may be readily distinguished from the others in the genus by the three prominent circuli and by the arrangement of the characteristic tubular ducts. Tylococcus boafoensis Strickland (Text-fig. 13) Tylococcus boafoensis Strickland, 1947, Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 16 : 151. HABIT. This species was described from Tafo, Eastern Province, Gold Coast on Musanga smithii (Moraceae). The description of the insect in life has been given as follows : " Elongate oval in shape, covered with white wax, thinner along the intersegmental membranes and around the beak and coxae, without a dorsal wax-free stripe. With eighteen pairs of lateral wax filaments, the anal pair longer than the rest. Body colour, when wax removed, light yellow." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female oval measuring approximately 1-5 mm. long. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs long and slender without a denticle on the claw, hind coxae and tibiae with a few translucent pores. Circulus present, moderately developed. Anterior and posterior ostioles with the inner edges of the lips sclerotized and each lip with one or two setae and a few trilocular pores. Anal ring with six setae which are more than twice as long as the diameter of the ring. Cerarii numbering eighteen pairs, each cerarius situated at the apex of a small slightly sclerotized tubercle, except the anal lobe cerarii which are borne at the apices of larger tubercles representing the anal lobes. Each anal lobe cerarius with two stout, conical setae surrounded by a cluster of trilocular pores and usually with two auxiliary setae. The anterior cerarii similar to the anal lobe cerarii often with an auxiliary seta. Dorsal surface with a small number of slender setae many of which are very noticeable by having one to four trilocular pores at their bases and thus resembling dorsal cerarii. These setae are, however, much more slender than the cerarian setae. Dorsal multilocular disc pores and tubular ducts absent. Trilocular pores sparse. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 31 o FIG. 13 32 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) Ventral surface with a small sclerotized anal lobe bar with a bar seta shorter than the anal ring setae. The apical seta is detached from the anal lobe bar and is longer than the anal ring setae. There appears to be a pair of cisanal and obanal setae which are roughly of similar shape and size but are shorter than the anal ring setae. Other ventral setae short and slender but they tend to be longer than those on the dorsal surface. Ventral multilocular disc pores very few, confined to the last three segments in single transverse rows, there being but four to six on each of the two prevulvar segments and one to three on the last segment. Ventral tubular ducts very sparse on the seventh and eighth segments only. They are situated lateral to the multilocular disc pores and there are usually four or five on the seventh segment and three or four on the eighth segment. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. This species is certainly not congeneric with the type of Tylococcus. It seems to have a connection with the tribe Planococcini as defined by Ezzatt & McConnell (1956) by having eighteen pairs of cerarii and with the sclerotized anal lobe bars but differs from all species so far placed in that tribe by the cerarii being situated at the apices of small sclerotized tubercles. Apart from these characters the species is easily recognizable by the sparse microscopical characters such as setae and pores. Tylococcus malacanthae Strickland (Text-fig. 14) Tylococcus malacanthae Strickland, 1947, Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 16 : 149. HABIT. Described from Tafo, Eastern Province, Gold Coast on Malacantha sp. (Sapotaceae). Strickland gives the following description of the adult female in life : " Anterior segments lightly powdered with a fine, dusty, yellow wax, the posterior segments nude of wax. With eighteen pairs of groups of thin, glossy, yellow wax filaments laterally, each group consisting of two or three individual filaments issuing from a cerarius. Body colour, when wax removed, ochreous yellow." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. A broadly oval species, the largest measuring approximately 2-5 mm. long x 1-5 mm. wide. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs short and stout. Circulus large, dumb-bell shaped. Ostioles well developed, the lips heavily sclerotized and bearing an occasional seta but apparently without trilocular pores. Anal ring set at a distance of about one and a half times its diameter from the apex of the body ; with six setae which are only slightly longer than the diameter of the ring. The ring is surrounded by a sclerotized band containing a few short setae and trilocular pores belonging to the ninth segment. Cerarii numbering eighteen pairs, each borne at the apex of a sclerotized tubercle of variable size. Anal lobe cerarius consisting of three prominent and slightly lanceolate setae at the apex of a large tubercle representing the anal lobe. The anal lobe tubercle is the largest and bears about three auxiliary setae and one or two trilocular pores. The penultimate and antepenultimate cerarii each bear four cerarian setae at the apex of a tubercle. Anteriorly the cerarii are each composed of two large setae except the ocular cerarius which usually contains but one seta. The tubercles become smaller anteriorly but the frontal cerarius is often large and lies on the ventral THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCIDAE : HOMOPTERA) 33 o FIG. 14 34 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) surface. Each tubercle bears from one to five extremely long setae and one or two trilocular pores ; occasionally there is also a circular disc pore either on the dorsal or ventral side. Dorsal setae not numerous, of various sizes, but all slender. Some of these setae are very long and become flagellate distally ; on the anterior part of the body they form groups as illustrated. Dorsal multilocular disc pores and tubular ducts absent. Circular disc pores, larger than the trilocular pores are distributed over the surface and they lie in definite groups on the anterior half of the body associated with the groups of setae. Posteriorly there are a few in the mid-region of each segment and a few laterally. Trilocular pores sparse, associated with the groups of setae. Ventral surface with a pair of long, apical setae. As the anal lobe tubercles are heavily sclerotized it is possible that there is an anal lobe bar which is masked ; an examination of young adult females would possibly show if this is correct. Ventral setae of various sizes but all slender, not numerous. Multilocular disc pores confined to the last three segments, there being eleven to seventeen on the seventh segment, nine to thirteen on the eighth segment and five to eight between the anal lobes. On the two prevulvar segments they occupy single transverse rows and altogether there are scarcely more than thirty-five present. Circular disc pores similar to those on the dorsum, sparsely scattered. There is usually one on the margin of each abdominal segment and others in marginal groups anteriorly and between the coxae. Ventral tubular ducts absent. Trilocular pores sparse. NOTES. Although this species has close affinities to the genus Tylococcus it is not certain whether it is congeneric. It differs from T. madagascariensis Newstead, the type of genus, in possessing numerous circular disc pores on the dorsal surface and very long setae with flagellate ends. These characters are shared with T. westwoodi Strickland, a discussion of which follows but the species differs from westwoodi in possessing eighteen pairs of cerarii instead of eleven or twelve. Tylococcus westwoodi Strickland (Text-fig. 15) Tylococcus westwoodi Strickland, 1947, Bull. ent. Res. 38 : 510. HABIT. Described from Atikpale, Eastern Province, Gold Coast on Theobroma cacao attended by an undetermined ant of the genus Crematogaster. Strickland gave the following account of the adult female : " Body colour apparently dark red, but material preserved two days in alcohol before examination, so no field description is possible. Specimens with a few strands of a dark red wax still adhering to the dorsum." RECOGNITION CHARACTERS. Adult female broadly oval measuring approximately 1-5 mm. long. Antennae 8-segmented. Legs short and stout with a few translucent pores on the hind coxa and tibia. Circulus present. Ostioles well developed, with the inner edges of the lips heavily sclerotized and each lip with two or three long setae and three or four trilocular pores. Anal ring lying about one and a half times its diameter from the apex of the abdomen, with six setae which are only a little longer than the diameter of the ring. Cerarii numbering eleven or twelve pairs. THE MEALY-BUGS ( PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 35 ./' /..; W( : '<'',' /A (' e ' / A . /x ' /?. / ./.' V/ . //>//. /*./ v' FIG. 15 36 THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) Anal lobe cerarii each composed of two stout conical setae which are blunt at the apices, surrounded by about three trilocular pores and two long, stout, auxiliary setae. The anal lobes form prominent sclerotized tubercles. Anteriorly there is a pair of cerarii to each abdominal segment and the other cerarii are located on the thorax and head. Most of these cerarii are composed of two conical setae often of unequal size but some of the anterior cerarii may have only one seta. The posterior cerarii are borne at the apices of poorly developed tubercles and the anterior cerarii are each surrounded by a circular sclerotized area bearing an occasional trilocular pore and one or two auxiliary setae, these often extremely long. Dorsal setae of various lengths, mainly slender. Many of these setae are extremely long with the distal end flagellate, present on the margins and irregularly over the surface especially on the head and thorax. Dorsal multilocular disc pores and tubular ducts absent. Circular disc pores numerous in mid-regional groups on each segment. They become scattered laterally. Trilocular pores sparse. Ventral surface with the anal lobes sclerotized on the margins and with a small sclerotized anal lobe bar and a bar seta which is of similar length to the anal ring setae. Apical seta detached from the anal bar, nearly twice as long as anal ring setae. Ventral setae of various sizes mainly short and slender but there are a few long setae around the margins similar to those on the dorsal surface. Multilocular disc pores confined to the four posterior segments. On the sixth segment there are usually one or two, on the seventh and eighth segments there are single transverse rows of about six pores and on the last segment there are one or two pores. Altogether there are scarcely more than twenty pores present. Tubular ducts distributed mainly in marginal groups on the fourth to eighth abdominal segments but others may be present on the mid-region of the abdominal segments. Circular disc pores not so numerous as on dorsum ; they are rather scattered and do not form definite groups. Trilocular pores not numerous. NOTES. All the species seen appear to be young adults and it may be that the marginal tubercles bearing the cerarii at the apices become more developed in the older specimens. This species seems to be congeneric with T. malacanthae Strickland, already discussed, in possessing numerous dorsal circular disc pores and extremely long setae with the distal ends flagellate. REFERENCES BALACHOWSKY, A. S. 1954. Sur 1'Indigenat et le Statut de Catenococcus loranthi Strickl. (Coccoidea : Pseudococcini) en Afrique Occidentale. Rev. Path. veg. 33 : 247. BORKHSENIUS, N. S. I94Q. Fauna of the U.S.S.R. Homoptera, Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae. Biological Institute of the U.S.S.R., New Series, No. 38. DE LOTTO, G. L. 1957. The Pseudococcidae (Horn. : Coccoidea) described by H. C. James from. East Africa. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent. 5 : 185-232. EZZATT, Y. M. & McCoNNELL, H. S. 1956. The Mealybug Tribe Planococcini (Pseudo- coccidae, Homoptera). Univ. Maryland Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. A 84. FERRIS, G. F. 1950. Atlas of Scale Insects of North America, 5. Stanford University, California. 1953. Ibid. 6. Stanford University, California. 1955- On some genera of the Pseudococcidae. Microentomology , 20 : 1-6. I 955- Atlas of Scale Insects of North America, 7. Stanford University, California. THE MEALY-BUGS (PSEUDOCOCCID AE : HOMOPTERA) 37 Goux, L. 1934. Notes sur les Coccides (Hem.) de la France. (9* note). Contribution a 1 e"tude du genre Heliococcus avec description de deux especes nouvelles. Bull. soc. ent. Fr. 39 : 164-171. HALL, W. J. 1937. Observations on the Coccidae of Southern Rhodesia. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 119-134. 1941. On some new species and two new genera of Coccidae (Homoptera) from Southern Rhodesia. /. ent. Soc. S. Afr. 4 : 237. 1945. The identity of a Mealybug vector of " Swollen Shoot " virus disease of cacao in West Africa. Bull. ent. Res. 36 : 305-313. JAMES, H. C. 1936. New mealybugs from East Africa. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 85 :igj-2i6. STRICKLAND, A. H. 1947. Coccids attacking Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), in West Africa, with descriptions of five new species. Bull. ent. Res. 38 : 497-523. 19470. Three new species of Coccoidea (Hemiptera : Homoptera) from the Gold Coast, British West Africa. Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 16 : 149-156. WILLIAMS, D. J. (1958). The mealy-bugs (Pseudococcidae : Homoptera) described by W. M. Maskell, T. D. A. Cockerell, R. Newstead and E. E. Green from the Ethiopian Region. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent. 6 : 205-236. ENTOM. 7. I, THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS, A GENUS OF SIPHONAPTERA F. G. A. M. SMIT BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 2 LONDON: 1958 THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS, A GENUS OF SIPHONAPTERA BY F. G. A. M. SMIT Pp. 39-76 ; 65 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 2 LONDON: 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical Series. Parts appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. 2 of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum, 1958 Issued August, 1958 Price Ten Shillings THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS, A GENUS OF SIPHONAPTERA By F. G. A. M. SMIT THE seven species of the large genus Stivalius (Family Pygiopsyllidae) which were hitherto known to occur in Africa 1 are redescribed and figured in the present paper, while six new species of Stivalius from Africa are described and also the hitherto unknown male of 5. sellatus ; a key is provided for the identification of these thirteen species. The specimens examined are in the Rothschild and British Museum collection of fleas at Tring, unless stated otherwise. The thirteen African species of Stivalius belong to two groups which can be distin- guished as follows : (a) Genal margin below the eye divided into two partly overlapping small lobes (Text- fig, i) ; cJ movable process of clasper without a dense group of thin setae on inner side (Text-fig. 5) ; tendons of phallosome very short, not or hardly reaching beyond the apex of the aedeagal apodeme (Text-fig. 16) ; dorsal margin of aedeagal apodeme nearly straight, not deeply concave preapically (Text-fig. 16) ; - no paired sclerotic structure alongside the bursa copulatrix (Text-fig. 25) ; dilated part of ductus spermathecae slender, with a number of thick sclerotic internal rings, giving this part of the duct a strong resemblance to a tape-worm (Text-fig. 25)" ; bulga of spermatheca with a thin wall and internal striae (Text-fig. 25) /mMS-group, p. 42 (b) Genal margin below the eye entire (Text-fig. 2) ; <$ movable process of clasper with a dense group of straight and thin setae on inner side and bordering the ventral margin (Text-figs. 8-15) ; tendons of phallosome making at least half a convolution (Text-fig. 17) and often much more (Text -fig. 18) ; apical half of dorsal margin of aedeagal apodeme strongly concave (Text-figs. 17, 18) ; $ bursa copulatrix in most species with a dark sclerotic structure on each side (Text-figs. 26, 28-37) the dilated part of the ductus spermathecae with a large number of very thin internal rings (Text-figs. 26, 28-37) ' bulga of spermatheca with a thick wall and without internal striae (Text-figs. 26, 28-37) .... fonws-group, p. 47 1 Jordan & Rothschild (1922, Ectoparasites, 1 : 252, 254) recorded Stivalius ahalae and S. aporus from Mfongosi, Zululand ; these two rat-parasites do not belong to the African fauna, but to that of India and Burma. In all probability this record was due to some error, perhaps mislabelling. 2 The ductus spermathecae is similarly ringed in females belonging to the following groups of Stivalius : robinsoni-group (squirrel-parasites : S. robinsoni (Rothschild) (Malaya, Sumatra), S. javanus Jordan (Java), S. rhaebus Jordan (Borneo) and 5. lonchus Jordan (Borneo)) ; a/ia/ae-group (rat-parasites : S. ahalae (Rothschild) (India), S. aporus Jordan & Rothschild (India, Ceylon), S. phoberus Jordan & Rothschild (Ceylon) and S. cognatus Jordan & Rothschild (Java)) ; jacobsoni-group (rat-parasites : S. jacobsoni (Jordan & Rothschild) (Java, Sumatra) and S. klossi (Jordan & Rothschild) (Annam, Thai- land, Malaya, Sumatra, Java)) ; squirrel and Tupaia parasite S. mjobergi Jordan (Borneo). ENTOM. 7, 2 3 42 THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS FERINUS-GROVP The new species described below is the only known representative of the ferinus- group in Africa. Of the other three species, belonging to this group, two occur in the Oriental Region (Ceylon, India, Malaya) and one in Japan. Stivalius alienus sp. n. (Text-figs, i, 3, 5-7, 16, 25) TYPE MATERIAL. Male holotype, female allotype and 8 male paratypes from Calonne plantation, nr. Elisabethville, Belgian Congo, from a nest (probably of a gerbil) , 9 . vi . 1953 ; i female paratype from the same locality, from Rattus (Mastomys) natalensis, vi . 1953 ; 2 female paratypes, nr. Elisabethville, from Rattus (Mastomys) natalensis, viii . 1953 ; all collected by Dr. R. Devignat, to whom one pair of paratypes has been returned ; i male paratype from the neighbourhood of Elisabethville, from Crocidura pilosa, 1957 ; i female paratype, same locality, from Mus triton, 1957 ; i female paratype, same locality, from Pelomys fallax, 1957 these three specimens were collected by P. L. Pirlot and the male and one female are in the Musee Royal du Congo Beige, Tervuren ; i male paratype from the Suji Valley, 6,000 ft., S. Pare Mts., Tanganyika, i.i957, from Arvicanthis sp., collected by J. G. Halcrow. DIAGNOSIS. A member of the/mVms-group, which includes S.ferinus (Rothschild) (a shrew-parasite from Ceylon and India), 5. insolli Traub (a bird-parasite from Malaya) and 5. aestivalis Jameson & Sakaguti (a wood-mouse (Apodemus) parasite from Japan). The new species differs from 5. ferinus by the unmodified (not sub- spiniform) setae in the submarginal frontal row, from S. insolli and S. aestivalis by the absence of a row of short setae preceding the main row of setae on the pronotum, while in 5. insolli the number of pronotal spines is about 30 as against 20 in 5. alienus. There are also differences in the genitalia between these species. DESCRIPTION. HEAD (Text-fig, i). Frontoclypeal margin smoothly rounded. Preoral tuber short. Submarginal frontal row consisting of six setae in both sexes ; between this row and the eye there are about a dozen large and fairly large setae and numerous minute setae on the preantennal region of the head, the minute ones absent on the gena. Genal margin below the eye divided into two short lobes the anterior of which partly overlaps the posterior. Frontal area of micropores relatively narrow. Eye well developed, kidney-shaped. Maxillary palps not quite reaching to the middle of the anterior margin of the fore coxa ; the first segment longer than the second, while the third segment is the shortest of the four. The laciniae are smooth basally and extremely finely serrated apically. The labial palp, reaching to about two-thirds the length of the fore coxa, consists of five segments. Scapus of antenna on the outer side of its widened portion with five to six thin setae in the male and three to four in the female ; pedicellus in both sexes with six slender setae, several of which reach to or a little beyond the first segment of the clava ; the clava consists of the usual nine segments (excluding the petiolus). Postantennal region of head with three rows of setae (the displaced seta between the first and second row in THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS 43 Text-fig, i is an abnormality) and a large seta about mid- way between the lowest seta of the second and third row ; the first row consists of five setae each side in the male and six in the female, while the second row normally has six setae each side in both sexes as has also the third row. Bordering the antennal fossa posteriorly are about 11-14 small setae in both sexes. THORAX. Pronotum (Text-fig, i) narrow, with one row of six setae each side and a ctenidium of 20 slightly curved spines which are longer than the pronotum. Mesonotum with a main row of five setae each side, preceded by two rows of more numerous small and irregularly placed setae ; two fairly long pseudosetae dorsally under the collar of the mesonotum. Mesepisternum with three to four setae, of which one or two are usually small ; mesepimeron normally with six (sometimes seven) setae. Metanotum with three rows of setae ; the first row consists of two to three setae in the male, four to six in the female, the second and third rows in both sexes with seven to ten and six setae respectively (the lowest seta of the main row much smaller than the others in the row) ; in the female the first metanotal row is preceded by one or two small dorsal setae. Pleural arch well-developed. Met- episternum with one large and one or two minute setae ; metasternum dorso- posteriorly with one large seta ; metepimeron with one to three small and eight to nine large setae in the male, three to four small and nine to eleven large setae in the female. LEGS. Fore coxa with numerous setae all over the outer side ; mid coxa with setae along the lower half of the anterior margin, a patch of setae on the outer side of the ventro-anterior part and two (sometimes three) ventro-posterior setae ; the oblique suture of the outer surface of the mid coxa is uninterrupted ; chaetotaxy of hind coxa similar to that of mid coxa, but in addition there is a small group of short setae ventro-anteriorly on the inner side. Fore femur, apart from marginal setae, with 12-16 lateral setae on the outer side and only one very small seta on the basal part of the inner side. Mid and hind femora with the usual marginal and submarginal setae, but without lateral setae. All tibiae with seven notches in the posterior (dorsal) margin, the most dorsal one bearing only two smallish setae ; chaetotaxy of the hind tibia as shown in Text-fig. 3. Fifth segment of all tarsi with six pairs of lateral plantar setae, arranged as is usual in the genus, namely the first and third pairs shifted on to the plantar surface in the fore and mid tarsus, while in the hind tarsus only the third pair is shifted on to the planta ; in the male the last segment of fore and mid tarsi has four short and stout subapical plantar setae. The two preapical lateral setae are short on the fifth segment of all tarsi, reaching to about the middle of the claws. ABDOMEN. Tergum I with three distinct rows of setae and a few dorsal setae in front of the first row ; terga II-VII with two distinct rows of setae and in addition several dorsal setae in front of the first row and these may form an irregular short row. The numbers of setae in the main row on each side of terga I-VII are in the male : 4, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 respectively ; in the female : 4, 7, 8, 8, 8, 7, 4 (or 5). Terga II-V in both sexes each with one marginal spinelet on each side near the dorsum. Both sexes with two antesensilial setae, the lower of which is more than twice the length of the upper ; in the female (Text-fig. 6) the margin of tergum VII between ENTOM. 7, 2 3 THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS FIGS, i, 2. Head and pronotum of: i. Stivalius alienus sp. n. (female paratype, plantation Calonne). 2. S. torvus (Rotschild) (female, Kisii, Kenya). Figs. 3, 4. Hind tibia of : 3. S. alienus sp. n. (female allotype). 4. S. torvus (Rothschild) (female, Keruguya, Kenya). THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS 45 FIGS. 5-7. Stivalius alienus sp. n. 5. Clasper and sternum IX (holotype). 6. Termi- nalia (allotype). 7. Outline of sternum VII of female (a paratype, nr. Elisabeth vi lie, b paratype, plantation Calonne). 46 THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS the two sets of antesensilials is produced into a short triangular lobe ; below the antesensilials the margin forms in the female an angulate lobe and below this the margin is slightly concave for a considerable distance. Basal abdominal sternum with a lateral patch of two to four setae in the male and 13-17 in the female, and with two setae each side along the ventral margin of which one is placed in front of the other. Sterna III-VII in the male normally with three setae each side in the main row, in the female the main row of sterna III-VI consists of four setae ; in both sexes these main rows are preceded by a patch of numerous smaller setae. MODIFIED ABDOMINAL SEGMENTS AND GENITALIA. MALE (Text-figs. 5, 16). Tergum VIII with 0-3 setae each side anterior to the vertical part of the spiracular fossa. Sternum VIII with about 30-35 setae each side. Apodeme of tergum IX narrow, ventrally not solidly fused with the dorso-caudal part of the manubrium, the latter basally very broad and tapering gradually to an upturned tip (Text-fig. 5). Fixed process of clasper with two (one short, one long) acetabular setae. Movable process (Text-fig. 5) of a shape characteristic for the majority of the representatives of the genus, with relatively few setae along the ventral (posterior) margin and a group of three large setae and one smaller one placed along this margin just before the bend. Proximal arm of sternum IX (Text-fig. 5) fairly broad ; the distal arm of this sternum narrow in its basal half whence it widens gradually, its dorso-apical portion smoothly rounded ; four or five of the setae along the apical part of the ventral margin much stouter than the other setae of the apical portion. Phallosome as in Text-fig. 16 ; note the very short tendons of the phallosome, the straight and simple inner tube, the dorso-apical aedeagal sclerite with two sharp apical projections, and the long and narrow caudally curved and membranous lobe of the ventral lateral wall. FEMALE (Text-figs. 6, 7, 25). Posterior margin of sternum VII (Text-figs. 6,7) with a double sinus, the upper bay of which is much smaller than the lower ; the main row consists of five strong setae and is divided by a gap between two dorsal setae and three ventral ones. In front of this row are numerous smaller setae. Vari- ation in the outline of the posterior margin of sternum VII as shown in Text-figs. 6, 7. Tergum VIII with three to six setae in front of the widened vertical part of the spiracular fossa ; chaetotaxy of the ventral part of tergum VIII as in Text-fig. 6. Sternum VIII apically narrow and with several minute setae at and near the apex. Anal segment as in Text-fig. 6 ; anal stylet about thrice as long as its maximum width, with one long apical seta and two minute preapical ones. Bulga of sperma- theca (Text-figs. 6, 25) longer than wide, with a dorsal hump ; the hilla protrudes deeply into the lumen of the bulga and bears apically a papilla. Ductus bursae curved, bursa copulatrix with a longish posterior internal sclerotization. The basal half of the ductus spermathecae is internally reinforced by numerous sclerotic rings (Text-fig. 25). LENGTH. <$ 2|-2| mm., $ 3-3! mm. REMARKS. Even without the host records it would have been possible to deduce Stivalius alienus to be probably a parasite of rodents. The species of the ferinus- group provide an excellent example of the modifications of the pronotal ctenidium which arise in response to the nature of host-relationships. In S. alienus (Text- fig.i) THE AFRICAN SPECIES OF STIVALIUS 47 and in 5. aestivalis (Text-fig. 63) (a flea of Apodemus) the pronotal ctenidium consists of fairly straight spines this is the usual type of ctenidium in a large number of rodent-fleas. In 5. ferinus (Text-fig. 64), a parasite of shrews, the spines of the pronotal ctenidium are blunt and distinctly curved and are longer than the pronotum this is characteristic of a number of shrew-fleas. In 5. insolli (Text-fig. 65), a bird-parasite, the number of pronotal spines has increased considerably about 30 as against 18-20 in the three mammal parasites of this group ; fleas of the super- family Ceratophylloidea which have become parasites of birds always have a larger number of pronotal spines (usually more than 24) than related forms living on mammals. TORVUS-GROUP The members of this group, which is confined to Africa, are rather uniform in the structure of the head, thorax, legs and unmodified abdominal segments ; the main differences between the species are in the genitalia. Stivalius torvus, by far the commonest and most widespread member of the group, is described in detail, and the other species are described in comparison with this species. Stivalius torvus (Rothschild), 1908 (Text-figs. 2, 4, 8, 17, 26, 28, 38, 39, 53, 54) Pygiopsylla torvus Rothschild, 1908, Ent. mon. Mag. 44 : 77. Pygiopsylla " afer " Jordan & Rothschild, 1913, Novit. zool. 20 : 537 (err. det., i $ from Kagamba, Uganda ; see Jordan & Rothschild, 1922, Ectoparasites, 1 : 252). Stivalius " afer " Symes & Hopkins, 1932, Rec. Med. Res. Lab. Nairobi (1) : 18, 19, 40, 44, 56. Stivalius torvus Jordan & Rothschild, 1922, Ectoparasites, 1 : 251, 264, fig. 241 ; Dalla Torre, 1924, Ber. naturw. med. Ver. Innsbruck, 39 : n ; Jordan, 1936, Novit. zool. 39 : 297, figs. 54-56; Jordan, 1937, Novit. zool. 40 : 290 ; Hopkins, 1947, Uganda J. 11 (Suppl.) : 155 ; Jordan, 1948, in Smart, Insects of medical importance (London) : 240 ; Hopkins, 1949, Rep. rats, fleas, plague, Uganda: 9, tables 2, 6, 10, 12, 20. MATERIAL EXAMINED. TANGANYIKA : Tengeru, Rattus (Mastomys) natalensis, 26. ii. 1952, i <$, i $. KENYA : Keruguya, Rattus (Mastomys) natalensis, Lophuromys flavopunctatus aquilus, Lemniscomys sp., Otomys sp., 1935-36, 10 ^ 8 - ; without locality and host, 1927, i $, and 1913, I ?. D \ AAV Li \ o / o / * ,? \ o r ' ? ,/ ;r FIG. 9. Pseudococcus vnallyi Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 99 spicuous with lips membranous and without trilocular glands or setae. Circulus missing. Legs all well developed with a small denticle on claw ; tarsal digitules finely pointed ; ungual ones knobbed at apex. Antennae with eight short and stout joints. Anal ring entire with six robost setae. Pseudococcus mirabilis Brain (Text-fig. 10) Pseudococcus mirabilis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 121. Four slides of which three containing a single specimen and one with five specimens were available. Two slides were labelled : " Pseudococcus mirabilis Br.; on 1 ; Ceres, C.P.; Oct. 1898 ; B. 54 ; C.K.B." Remaining two slides marked only " Pseudococcus mirabilis ; B. 54, C.K.B." All specimens were adult females in very poor condition, partly broken and badly distorted. The ovisacs are creamy-white or slightly buff-coloured, and are aggregated on the leaf-cluster bases in conspicuous masses . . . The adult is apparently vivi- parous . . . When fully distended it is no more than 1-5 mm. long." (Brain, I.e.) . Mounted specimens elongate to very broadly elliptical with dermis membranous. Marginal cerarii present only on last three occasionally four abdominal segments. Each cerarius is formed by two stout conical spines surrounded by many tubular ducts, without any grouping of trilocular pores ; auxiliary setae absent ; area about cerarian spines not chitinized. Third cerarius anterior to anal lobe one, when present, reduced to a single spine. Ventral side of each anal cerarius with a robust apical seta about same size as those of anal ring ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores arranged in five ventral groups. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows : (v) 17 ; (vi) 25 ; (vii) 26 ; (viii) 27 ; (ix + x) 29. On segments anterior to genital opening they are set in fairly linear transverse rows along distal margin. A few pores are scattered on dorsum of abdomen. Tubular ducts with oral collar of two different sizes. Large ones set in groups on ventral and dorsal marginal areas as far as head ; a few others arranged on dorsum along distal margin of abdomi- nal segments anterior to anal lobes. Tubular ducts of smaller size occurring in trans- verse irregular rows on either side of abdomen ; others scattered all over body. Trilocular pores very few and uniformly distributed. Circular disc pores about half the size of trilocular pores, few and scattered on dorsum and venter. Dorsal and ventral setae about same size, all rather short, stout to very stout, not numerous ; a few setae on dorsum of last abdominal segments similar hi shape and size to those of marginal cerarii. Anterior dorsal ostioles not recognizable ; posterior ones fairly prominent with lips membranous and provided with a few small setae and trilocular pores. Circulus absent. Legs well developed, with some translucent pores on hind femur and coxa ; claw without denticle ; ungual and tarsal digitules apically knobbed. Anal ring V-shaped with six setae. Antennae 7-jointed with a pseudo- articulation on apical joint. 1 The name of the host plant is omitted. According to the original description it is Borbonia cordata loo THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA O FIG. 10. Pseudococcus mirabilis Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 101 Pseudococcus muraltiae Brain (Text-fig, n) Pseudococcus muraltiae Brain, 1912, Ann. ent. Soc. Amer. 5 : 184. Two slides were seen in Pretoria, one of which containing larvae ; the second with a single specimen distorted and partly broken labelled : " Pseudococcus muraltiae Brain; on Muraltia heisteria; Newlands : 22.x. 1910; paratype ; 52, C.K.B." Another slide with two specimens bearing the same collecting data was previously examined at the British Museum (Natural History), London. " Adult female : small ; largest specimens, with completed ovisac, was 1-9 mm. long by 1-13 mm. broad, slatey-grey in colour ; waxy secretion scant but segmenta- tion conspicuous. Lateral appendages were absent but usually four caudal ones present." (Brain, I.e.}. Body of mounted specimens rather broadly elliptical, membranous. Margin of body with seventeen pairs of cerarii. Anal lobe cerarii each with two moderately robust conical spines beset by few trilocular pores and four to six small slender auxiliary setae. Area about spines not chitinized. Each of remaining cerarii with two spines which tend to be more slender anteriorly, where they attain about same size and shape as dorsal setae ; each cerarius is surrounded by a group of two to five trilocular pores without auxiliary setae ; one or two thoracic cerarii reduced to a single spine. Ventral side of each anal lobe without chitinized bar ; apical seta robust, longer than those of anal ring ; subapical one much shorter. Multilocular disc pores few, occurring on ventral side of last five abdominal segments. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows : (v) 3 ; (vi) 19 ; (vii) 17 ; (viii) 45 ; (ix + x) 16. On segments anterior to genital opening they are arranged in transverse rows along distal margin only. Ventral tubular ducts with oral collar not numerous and mostly distributed on marginal area of last five or six abdominal segments ; a few occur on median and submedian areas in association with multilocular disc pores. Dorsal tubular ducts with oral rim very few. One duct is normally associated with each frontal cerarius and one with each preanal cerarius ; two or three occasionally occur on thorax and one on median area of preanal segment. Trilocular pores not abundant but evenly distributed. Circular disc pores noticeably smaller than trilocular pores, very few and scattered. Ventral setae moderately long and slender; dorsal ones much shorter. Circulus absent. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles inconspicuous with lips membranous and provided with two or three small setae and a few trilocular pores. Legs well developed but rather short with a few translucent pores on hind coxa. Antennae with eight joints. The synonymy of Pseudococcus simulator James with muraltiae published in our previous paper (De Lotto, 1957) has to be rejected because in muraltiae the circulus is absent. P. simulator is instead a synonym of burnerae as pointed out in our notes on dealing with that species. Pseudococcus natalensis Brain (= Nipaecoccus graminis (Maskell)) Pseudococcus natalensis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 100. We have been kindly informed by Dr. D. J. Williams of the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, that this species is identical with Nipaecoccus 102 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA FIG. ii. Pseudococcus muraltiae Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (ROM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 103 graminis (Maskell). Recently he examined type material of Maskell's species and this new synonymy is dealt with in his paper on Pseudococcidae described by Maskell, Cockerell, Newstead and Green from the Ethiopian region (1958). Pseudococcus nitidus Brain (Text-fig. 12) Pseudococcus nitidus Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 143. The material examined was represented by six slides, three of which each contained a single specimen labelled : " Pseudococcus nitidus Brain ; on Acacia caffra ; Pretoria: Nov. 1914 ; paratype ; 39, C.K.B." All specimens were in very poor condition, distorted and partly broken, having been mounted from dry material. The remaining three slides contained only larvae and males. The ovisacs . . . are closely felted, smooth, and in the majority of cases have the shape and approximate size of an adult insect, being about 3 mm. long and so smoothly felted on the exterior as to look like a piece of white kid . . . Adult female 2 '5 mm. long, translucent brown in colour ; legs and antennae of the same colour. No waxy secretion and no filaments except two extremely short caudal ones which appear as two white specks." (Brain, I.e.). Body of mounted specimens rather elongate elliptical with anal lobes strongly developed ; dermis at maturity membranous. Margin of body with only five pairs of cerarii on last abdominal segments. Anal lobe cerarii each formed with two small conical spines set apart from each other, without auxiliary setae or grouping of trilocular pores ; area about spines clear. Remaining cerarii each with two spines which tend to be smaller and more widely separate from each other anteriorly ; on fourth cerarius anterior to the anal lobe one they attain shape and size of dorsal setae. Ventral side of each anal lobe with a long and robust apical seta and a much shorter subapical one ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores few and present only on ventral side of last three abdominal segments. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows: (vii) ii ; (viii) 24 ; (ix + x) 32. On segments (vii) and (viii) they are arranged in transverse rows along distal margin only. Tubular ducts with oral collar very few on ventral side of last abdominal segments, mostly in association with multilocular disc pores. Tubular ducts with oral rim very numerous on dorsum and extending all along marginal area of venter. Quinquelocular pores fairly abundant on median and submedian areas of venter except on segment posterior to genital opening, where they are missing. Trilocular pores not numerous and evenly distributed. Circular disc pores apparently absent. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles not detected. Circulus absent. Legs long and rather slender, with a small denticle on claw ; ungual digitules knobbed at apex ; tarsal ones finely pointed ; no translucent pores on hind legs. Anal ring of Pseudococcid type, with six setae. Stigmatic openings unusually large. Dorsal setae rather few, small, spiniform ; ventral ones longer and slender. Antennae formed by nine long slender joints. io 4 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA FIG. 12. Pseudococcus nitidus Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 105 Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain (Text-fig. 13) Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 123. Pseudococcus elisabethae Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 126 (SYN. NOV.). Pseudococcus trichiliae Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 131 (SYN. NOV.). The material available consisted on one slide labelled : " larvae of Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain ; Pretoria: Nov. 1914 ; larvae; 60, C.K.B."; another slide labelled: " cJ of Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain ; Pretoria ; $ paratype ; $ 60 ; Nov. 16, 1914." Six more slides were marked with the serial number " 60, C.K.B." one of which with larvae only ; the remaining five slides contained altogether eleven old adult females. Three more slides with altogether nine old adult females bore the follow- ing data : " Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain ; Acacia horrida ; Grahamstown : Jan. 1899 ; dry material ; 63 ". " The ovisacs are often collected into masses which remind one of Ps. filamentosus Ckll., but present a pinkish tinge rather than yellow or greyish. Seen singly as in cavities in tree-trunks, the ovisacs are usually more or less button-shaped, with straight vertical sides and a rounded top. The largest observed measured approxi- mately 3 mm. in diameter . . . Adult female may reach 4 mm. in length, pinkish coloured at first and later purplish, with dense, white, powdery secretion. Lateral filaments short and fragile. Caudal filaments two in number, stout, may attain one third the length of the body." (Brain, I.e.}. Body of mounted specimens elliptical. Margin of body with a series of seventeen pairs of cerarii. Anal lobe cerarii each formed by two conical spines surrounded by a small group of trilocular pores and a few slender auxiliary setae ; area about spines not chitinized. Remaining cerarii each with two spines which tend to be noticeably more slender anteriorly. Each cerarius is associated with a grouping of a few trilocular pores but no auxiliary setae. Ventral side of each anal lobe with a robust apical seta, longer than those of anal ring ; subapical seta very short ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores rather few and arranged in five groups on ventral side of last abdominal segments. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows : (v) 24 ; (vi) 19 ; (vii) 21 ; (viii) 29 ; (ix + x) 21. On segments anterior to genital opening they are set in transverse rows along distal margin. Tubular ducts with oral collar set in five or six small groups on ventral marginal area of abdomen. Tubular ducts with oral rim fairly numerous on dorsum and a few on venter on marginal and submarginal areas of thorax. Trilocular pores moderately numerous and uniformly distributed on both sides of body. Circular disc pores apparently absent. Dorsal setae short ; ventral ones longer but slender, in either case not numerous. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles well developed with lips membranous having some trilocular pores and a few short setae. Circulus absent. Legs well developed, robust, with a few translucent pores on hind femur. Anal ring normal, with six setae. Antennae 8-jointed, at times with a pseudoarticu- lation on apical joint. Pseudococcus elisabethae and trichiliae described by Brain in the same paper are synonyms of quaesitus. 106 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (ROM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA FIG. 13. Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 107 Pseudococcus segnis Brain (Text-fig. 14) Pseudococcus segnis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy Soc, S. Afr. 5 : 145. One slide with a single very old adult female in fairly good condition was made available from the U.S. National collection of Coccidae, Washington, D.C. It bore the following data: "Pseudococcus segnis Brain; Stellenbosch : I7.xii.i9i4; B. 55, C.K.B." Although the collecting data is not exactly the same recorded in Brain's paper, that is I3th December, 1914, the serial number is identical and we can assume that the specimen acually belongs to the original type series. " Adult female : the four specimens range from 2-8 to 3-4 mm. in length, and are dark olivaceous-green in colour. There are no lateral or caudal filaments, and only a slight trace of white secretion, the insects appearing rather greasy or slug-like. This absence of secretion may be due to shaking in transit." (Brain, I.e.). Body elliptical with eighteen pairs of cerarii. Anal lobe cerarii each apparently formed by two spines 1 surrounded by eight to ten trilocular pores ; auxiliary setae absent ; area about spines not chitinized. Remaining cerarii each provided with two small and slender conical spines which on most anterior pairs are not differentiated from setae of dorsum. Each cerarius is beset by five to eight trilocular pores. Ventral side of each anal lobe without chitinized bar ; apical seta about as long as those of anal ring ; subapical one shorter. Multilocular disc pores, tubular ducts and circular disc pores entirely absent. Trilocular pores fairly abundant and uniformly distributed. Dorsal setae few and very small, spiniform ; ventral setae also few but much longer. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles well developed, lips membranous with many trilocular pores and a few minute setae. Circulus absent. Legs normal with a denticle on claw ; ungual and tarsal digitules apparently pointed ; hind legs without trans- lucent pores. Antennae g-jointed. Pseudococcus socialis Brain (Text-fig. 15) Pseudococcus socialis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 103. Three slides, one with ova and two with altogether three specimens in fairly good condition were seen. All were labelled : " Pseudococcus solitarius sp. n.; Pretoria, Union Buildings : 20. xi. 1914; C.K.B. ; on grass ; C.K.B.; 526." Even in this instance the specific name under which the species was described does not agree with that originally assigned on the type slides. Nevertheless there were no doubts that the material belonged to socialis as all collecting data and serial number are exactly the same as this species referred by Brain in his paper. " Ovisac : an irregular mass of white cottony secretion, about 3 mm. in diameter . . . The adult female is elongate, of a purplish-brown colour, the whole body being slightly powdered with white. There were no signs of lateral or caudal filaments . . . The average size of female insects (containing ova) when mounted is 1-7 mm. 1 In the specimens examined all cerarian spines of the anal lobes were broken away. io8 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA FIG. 14. Pseudococcus segnis Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 109 ^'- D FIG. 15. Pseudococcus socialis Brain no THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA long and 0-8 mm. broad." (Brain, I.e.). Body elongate elliptical, membranous. Margi- nal cerarii recognizable only on last two abdominal segments. Anal lobe cerarii each with two rather slender conical spines beset by a few trilocular pores ; area about cerarian spines not chitinized ; auxiliary setae absent. Preanal cerarii each with two spines more slender and set somewhat apart from each other, without grouping of trilocular pores or auxiliary setae. Ventral side of each anal lobe with a robust apical seta noticeably longer than those of anal ring; subapical seta much shorter ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores arranged in five groups on ventral side of last abdominal segments. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows : (v) 14 ; (vi) 35 ; (vii) 64 ; (viii) 75 ; (ix + x) 26. A few pores scattered on marginal and submarginal ventral areas of thorax and head. Dorsal tubular ducts with oral rim few. One occurring on median line of each abdominal segment (iv) to (viii) ; one on marginal area of each abdominal and thoracic segment ; a few more widely scattered. Tubular ducts with oral collar set in transverse irregular rows on last abdominal segments in association with multi- locular disc pores and a few widely scattered all over ventral side of body. Trilocular pores not numerous and evenly distributed all over body. Circular disc pores about same size as trilocular pores, having a granulate surface ; they are few and apparently present only on ventral side of abdomen. Dorsal and ventral setae rather few, slender. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles not prominent but with lips membran- ous and with a grouping of a few trilocular pores and two to four minute setae. Circulus small, rounded, with border fairly highly chitinized, set near basal margin of fifth abdominal segment. Legs all short otherwise normal, with some translucent pores. Antennae short, built up with seven joints. Pseudococcus solitarius Brain (= Nipaecoccus vastator (Maskell)) (SYN. NOV.) Pseudococcus solitarius Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 104. Three slides containing altogether six specimens, all badly distorted and broken were examined. They bore the following label : " Pseudococcus solitarius sp. n.; Transvaal, Pretoria and dist.: Sept.-Oct. 1914 ; C.K.B.; on thorn tree ; C.K.B., 65." Carefully examined this species was found identical with Nipaecoccus vastator (Maskell) with which it is synonymized. Pseudococcus stelli Brain (Text-fig. 16) Pseudococcus stelli Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 146. Of three slides seen, only one contained a single adult female in fairly good con- dition. It was labelled : " Pseudococcus stelli Brain ; on Borbonia cordata Linn.; Stellenbosch : Dec. 17, 1914 ; paratypes ; B. 56, C.K.B." The remaining two slides contained males, larvae and ova only. " Ovisac : the ovisacs are rounded masses of cottony material ... In form they appear almost spherical . . . The greatest diameter averages approximately 2-5 mm. . . . The adult female is pale canary-yellow in colour, about 2 mm. THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA ni FIG. 1 6. Pseudococcits stelli Brain ii2 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA to 2-5 mm. long. The lateral filaments are very short, but distinct and gradually increase in length posteriorly. The caudal ones, two in number, are also short, about twice as long as the next pair, stout at the base and tapering towards the tip." (Brain, I.e.). Mounted specimens elliptical, membranous. Margin of body with a complete series of eighteen pairs of cerarii. One of anal lobe cerarii was provided with two conical spines ; opposite one with three ; both surrounded by a group of a few trilocular pores ; auxiliary setae missing ; area about spines not chitinized. All remaining cerarii each formed with two spines more slender than those of anal lobe ones, beset by three to seven trilocular pores, without auxiliary setae. Ventral side of each anal lobe with a robust apical seta longer than those of anal ring ; sub- apical seta much shorter ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores abundant on both sides of body, particularly so on dorsum ; on abdomen they tend to be crowded in transverse segmental rows along distal margin of last segments. Quinquelocular pores rather few and scattered on median and submedian ventral areas of thorax and first two abdominal segments. Trilocular pores not numerous and evenly distributed. Circular disc pores apparently absent. Tubular ducts with oral rim entirely missing. Tubular ducts with oral collar of two sizes. Small ones rather few on ventral marginal area of all abdominal segments and in associatiation with ventral abdominal multilocular disc pores. One occasionally two tubular ducts of large size occur on dorsal and ventral marginal areas near each cerarius ; others are scattered all over dorsum. Dorsal setae very short ; ventral ones much longer but slender ; in neither case abundant. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles not prominent, with lips membranous having a cluster of a few trilocular pores and two to four small setae. Circulus may or may not be present because the area where normally it occurs was broken away on specimen examined. Legs all well developed, without translucent pores ; claw with a small denticle ; ungual digitules short and knobbed apically ; tarsal ones finely pointed. Antennae with nine joints. Pseudococcus stelli tylococciformis Brain ( Pseudococcus stelli Brain) (SYN. NOV.) Pseudococcus stelli tylococciformis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 149. This variety was described on a few specimens collected on the same twigs as those attacked by P. stelli with which, according to Brain, they were identical except that they were smaller and the marginal cerarii were inserted on small tubercles a character peculiar to almost all species at the beginning of the adult stage. Although no types, paratypes or else could be seen, we definitely regard this variety as based on very young adult females of stelli with which it is here synonymized. Pseudococcus transvaalensis Brain Pseudococcus transvaalensis Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 129. Trionymus sanguineus James, 1936, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 85 : 197 (SYN. NOV.). The material of this species examined was as follows : six slides one of which contained larvae and the remaining five with altogether nine specimens, all marked THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 113 with Brain's serial number " B. 46, C.K.B." Two other slides contained altogether three specimens marked with the serial number only " B. 47, C.K.B." Four more slides of which three with a single specimen and one with larvae, all labelled : " Pseudo- coccus transvaalensis Brain ; roots of cornflower ; Pretoria ; 27.xii.igi4 ; C.K.B.; B. 47a, C.K.B." In the original paper the collecting data of these specimens is reported as 28 Dec. 1914, which has to be explained as a pen slip made by Brain on labelling the slides. All above listed material was carefully compared with specimens of Trionymus sanguineus James from Kenya and found structurally identical. The James species which has been redescribed and illustrated in our previous paper (De Lotto, 1957) has to be understood as a synonym of P. transvaalensis Brain. Pseudococcus trichiliae Brain (= Pseudococcus quaesitus Brain) Pseudococcus trichiliae Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 131. Three slides containing altogether six specimens labelled : " Pseudococcus trichiliae Brain ; on Trichilia sp.; Durban, Natal ; 27.x. 1914 ; paratypes ; B. 51, C.K.B." were seen. This species is a synonym of P. quaesitus which Brain described in the same paper on an earlier page. All paratypes of trichiliae are large and very old adult females, stucturally they cannot be differentiated from those of quaesitus. Pseudococcus wachendorfiae Brain (Text-fig. 17) Pseudococcus wachendorfiae Brain, 1912, Ann. ent. Soc. Amer. 5 : 183. Two specimens were examined. One was labelled : " Pseudococcus wachendorfiae Brain; paratype ; on Wachendorfia paniculata ; Newlands Flats: 3.x. 1910; 53." The second bore the following data: "Pseudococcus wachendorfiae Brain; on Wachendorfia paniculata Lin.; Newlands Flats: 2.x. 1910; paratype; 53." Both paratypes were distorted, partly broken and with many body setae missing. " Ovisac : no definite ovisac was found, although where the adult female was situated a definite white granular patch of waxy secretion was noticed on the plant. Adult female : largest specimen found measured while alive 4-1 mm. long and 1-9 mm. broad. The body was finely covered with granular secretion, white, but segmentation was still conspicuous. Lateral appendages of wax were absent, but a short caudal tuft was generally noticeable." (Brain, I.e.). Mounted specimens elongate elliptical, membranous. Cerarii confined to a single pair on anal lobes, each built up with two strong conical spines, beset by several trilocular pores and a few robust auxiliary setae ; area about the spines not chitinized. Ventral side of each anal lobe provided with a long robust apical seta, longer than those of anal ring ; subapical one much shorter ; no chitinized bar. Multilocular disc pores in three groups on ventral side of last abdominal segments. The number of pores in one specimen was as follows : (vii) 15 ; (viii) 34 ; (ix + x) 26. On ii 4 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA O FIG. 17. Pseudococcus wachcndorfiac Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 115 segments anterior to genital opening they are arranged in transverse rows along distal margin. Trilocular pores numerous all over body. Circular disc pores smaller than trilocular pores and abundantly distributed on either side of body. Tubular ducts with oral rim very numerous on dorsum and venter, except on last abdominal segment where they are missing. Tubular ducts with oral collar few on ventral side of abdominal segments only. Dorsal and ventral setae very numerous and unusually long and robust. Anterior and posterior dorsal ostioles rather conspicuous, lips membranous having a cluster of a few trilocular pores and small setae. Circulus absent. Legs well developed ; hind tibiae with numerous small translucent pores. Antennae with eight joints. Puto (?) africanus Brain (Text-fig. 18). Puto (?) africanus Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5: 151. One slide with two adult females in poor condition being very badly distorted was made available from the U.S. National Collection of Coccidae, Washington, B.C. The slide bore the following label : " Puto africanus Brain ; on Tamarix articulata ; Cape Town : Jan. 1898 ; paratype ; B. 70, C.K.B." " Adult female enclosed in a dense felted or papery sac, which is generally white or yellowish in colour . . . The ovisacs, when not deformed by massing together, are regularly elongate oval about 2 mm. long and 1-2 mm. in diameter . . . The adult female as recovered from dry material is merely a black shrivelled mass without indication of secretionary covering of any kind, and without lateral or caudal filaments ... In mounted specimens the body averages 1-7 mm. in length and 0-9 mm. breadth." (Brain, I.e.}. Mounted females oval to broadly oval in outline, membranous. Marginal cerarii recognizable only on anal and preanal segments. Anal lobe cerarii each formed by two very robust spines, somewhat lanceolate in shape, surrounded by a loose group of a few trilocular pores and one or two fairly long stout auxiliary setae ; chitinized area large and extending to ventral side. Preanal cerarii each with two spines of same shape and size as those of anal cerarii, beset by a few trilocular pores ; auxiliary setae missing ; area about spines not chitinized. Ventral side of each anal lobe provided with an apparently robust long apical seta 1 and two to four shorter ones. Multilocular disc pores present only on median and submedian ventral areas as far as prothorax, set widely apart from one another. Tubular ducts of two types. One type being rather long and slender without usual collar but the opening being instead surrounded by a small chitinized keel. These ducts occur on both sides of body, apparently without any particular pattern. Other ducts distinctly larger with a narrow rim occurring on dorsum only. Trilocular pores few. Circular disc pores larger than trilocular pores, not numerous and distributed all over body. Dorsal setae not numerous, fairly stout ; a few on abdomen similar in shape and size to cerarian spines ; ventral ones slender. Anterior dorsal ostioles not recognizable on specimens examined ; posterior ones inconspicuous without setae or grouping of trilocular pores on their lips. 1 Both missing in the specimens examined. n6 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA FIG. 18. Puto africanus Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (ROM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 117 Circulus absent. Legs normal ; claw without denticle ; hind legs without trans- lucent pores ; a few setae on median and hind legs stoutly spiniform. Anal ring of usual Pseudococcid type, opened posteriorly, with six robust setae. 1 Antennae with eight or nine joints. Rhizoecus africanus Brain (= Rhi zoecus falcifer Kuenckel) Rhizoecus africanus Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 89. Three slides containing altogether seven adult and two preadult females were seen. They were labelled : " Rhizoecus africanus Brain ; roots of plants ; Cape Town : Feb. 1906 ; paratype ; 62." Brain's paratypes were compared with the redescription and figure of R. falcifer Kuenckel recently published by Ferris (1953) and our conclusion fully agrees with Hambleton's opinion (1946) that the Brain species is a synonym of falcifer. Tylococcus chrysocomae Brain (Text-fig. 19) Tylococcus chrysocomae Brain, 1915, Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 93. The material examined was represented by four slides with altogether eight specimens, all old adults partly distorted, labelled as follows : " Tylococcus chrysocomae sp. n.; Grahamstown : 4th March 1915 ; A. Kelly ; on Chrysocoma tenuifolia ; C.K.B., 61." " Ovisac : white, dense, elongate oval, may reach 5 mm. long and 2 mm. in diameter. The ovisac may be single or clustered. The adult female is found at one extremity of the ovisac and often appears as though partly enclosed owing to the median dorsal keel of white secretion . . . When cleared, stained, and mounted, the adult female is 2 mm. to 2-5 mm. long." (Brain, I.e.}. Body of mounted specimens very broadly elliptical, nearly circular ; membranous. Margin of body with cerarii reduced to sixteen or seventeen pairs owing to absence of one or two pairs on thorax. Cerarii on head and last abdominal segments tending to be inserted in a small very broadly rounded prominence. All cerarii formed by two to four robust conical spines, without any grouping of trilocular pores or auxiliary setae ; area about spines not chitinized. Ventral side of each anal lobe with a stout apical seta about same length as those of anal ring ; subapical one much shorter ; chitinized bar absent. Multilocular disc pores fairly numerous on either side of body, distributed without any regular pattern. Quinquelocular pores not abundant and scattered on dorsum and venter. Tubular ducts somewhat departing in their structure from those normally found in Pseudococcidae. They are provided neither with oral rim nor oral collar, the opening being instead surrounded by a small circular chitinized keel, similar to those seen in Puto (?) africanus. They occur abundantly on both sides of body. Trilocular pores few but evenly distributed, circular disc pores apparently absent. Ventral setae rather short and slender ; dorsal ones about same 1 The two setae posterior to the anal ring actually do not belong to it, as Brain stated. They are the cisanal setae which in this species lie unusually close to the anal ring. n8 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA rrr-*-^! \* ' * ; ' .\*.. J , * -^ 1 " o . o oz. f rr -p- x FIG. 19. Tylococcus chrysocomae Brain THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA 119 length but robust ; a couple of stout spines similar to those of marginal cerarii occur on median area of thoracic and abdominal segments. Anterior dorsal ostioles not recognizable ; posterior ones very poorly marked. Circulus absent. Legs well developed, without translucent pores on hind pair ; claw with a small denticle ; ungual and tarsal digitules short and finely pointed. Antennae normally 7- jointed ; but in one specimen one antenna had seven joints, the other eight. SUMMARY The author deals with the identity of the Pseudococcidae described from South Africa by C. K. Brain. Twenty-two species are retained as valid and are redescribed or reviewed. Four species and one variety are synonymized in the course of the paper. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to convey our sincere thanks to Dr. T. J. Naude, Chief Entomologist, Department of Agriculture, Pretoria, South Africa, for his permission to carry out the examination of all Brain's typical material stored in the Division of Entomology ; to Dr. H. Morrison, Senior Entomologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washing- ton, D.C., who made available slides of four species apparently missing in Pretoria. Sincere thanks are also due to Dr. W. J. Hall, Director, and to Dr. D. J. Williams, Entomologist, Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, for their invaluable help connected with some bibliographical references. Our sincere thanks are particularly extended to Dr. H. K. Munro, Department of Agriculture, Pretoria, for his kindness and assistance given during our visit to South Africa and in whose laboratory the main part of the present work was carried out. We are greatly indebted to Dr. R. H. Le Pelley, Senior Entomologist, Department of Agriculture, Kenya, who as usual undertook the task of going through the manu- script, suggesting valuable amendments. REFERENCES BRAIN, C. K. 1912. Contribution to the knowledge of Mealy Bugs, genus Pseudococcus, in the vicinity of Cape Town, South Africa. Ann. ent. Soc. Amer. 5 : 177-189. 1915. The Coccidae of South Africa, I. Trans, roy. Soc. S. Afr. 5 : 65-194. 1918. The Coccidae of South Africa, II. Bull. ent. Res. 9 : 107-139. DE LOTTO, G. 1957. The Pseudococcidae (Homopt. : Coccoidea) described by H. C. James from East Africa. Bull. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.} Ent. 5 : 183-232. ESSIG, E. O. 1942. College Entomology, pp. vii -f- 900, McMillan Co., New York. EZZAT, Y. M. & MCCONNELL, H. S. 1956. A classification of the Mealybug Tribe Plano- coccini (Pseudococcidae, Homoptera). Bull, agric. exp. Stn., Univ. Maryland, A 84, pp. 108. FERRIS, G. F. 1918. The California species of Mealy Bugs. Stanf. Univ. Publ. pp. 78. 1948-50. Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America, vols. v and vi, Stanford Univ. Press. GREEN, E. E. 1915. Observations on British Coccidae in 1914 with descriptions of new species. Ent. mon. Mag. 51 : 175-185. 120 THE PSEUDOCOCCIDAE (HOM. COCCOIDEA) FROM SOUTH AFRICA HALL, W. J. 1937. Observations on the Coccidae of Southern Rhodesia. VIII. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 86 : 119-134. HAMBLETON, E. J. 1946. Studies of hypogeic Mealybugs. Rev. Ent. 17 : 1-77. JAMES, H. C. 1933. Taxonomic notes on the Coffee Mealybugs of Kenya Colony. Bull. ent. Res. 24 : 429-436. 1936. New Mealybugs from East Africa. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 85 : 197-216. JOUBERT, C. J. 1928. Pseudococcus gahani Green, in South Africa. Bull. ent. Res. 29 : 209. MORRISON, H. 1945. The Mealybug Genus Heterococcus and some of its relatives (Homoptera : Coccoidea). /. Wash. A cad. Sci. 35 : 38-55. WILLIAMS, D. J. 1958. The Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae : Homoptera) described by W. M. Maskell, T. D. A. Cockerell, R. Newstead and E. E. Green from the Ethiopian Region. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent. 6 : 205-236. ZIMMERMAN, E. C. 1958. Insects of Hawaii, vol. 5 : Homoptera Sternorhyncha, pp. 464, Honolulu, Univ. Hawaii Press. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA. DEGEERIELLA FROM THE FALCONIFORMES THERESA CLAY BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 4 LONDON: 1958 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA. DEGEERIELLA FROM THE FALCONIFORMES BY THERESA CLAY Xv British Museum (Natural History) Pp. 121-207 ; 9 Plates ; 164 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7, No. 4 LONDON: 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in jive series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical Series. Parts appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. 4 of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum, 1958 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM Issued September, 1958 Price Thirty Shillings REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA. DEGEERIELLA FROM THE FALCONIFORMES By THERESA CLAY INTRODUCTION BEFORE attempting to define the genus Degeeriella, the type species of which para- sitizes one of the Falconiformes, it is necessary to consider shortly the whole of the Degeeriella-complex. THE Degeeriella-coMPLEX. It is difficult to delimit this group exactly but the following genera should probably be included : Degeeriella Neumann ( = Kelerinirmus Eichler), Acutifrons Guimaraes, Austrophilopterus Ewing, Capraiella Conci, Cotin- gacola Carriker, Cuculicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, Lagopecus Waterston (= Colini- cola Carriker), Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen (= Tyrannicola Carriker), Trogoni- nirmus Eichler, Upupicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, a group of undescribed species from the Bucerotidae, and an undescribed species from the Megapodidae, probably an aberrant Lagopecus. Buceronirmus Hopkins and Hopkinsiella Clay & Meinertz- hagen should also perhaps be included here. Possible derivatives from this group include Syrrhaptoecus Waterston, Tinamotaecola Carriker, some of the Ischnocera from the Bucerotidae and also possibly Penenirmus. The complex (omitting the doubtful members) can be defined as follows : Ischnocera with marginal carina of head usually complete dorsally but may be partially interrupted anteriorly, and also partially interrupted each side when a dorsal preantennal suture is present ; ventrally it may be complete or interrupted medially. Hyaline margin absent or small, never greatly enlarged and never con- tinuous with hyaline area delimiting a complete dorsal anterior plate. Ventral carina never forms a semicircular band, but is interrupted medially ; usually the two carinae pass towards the anterior margin of the head but never form well defined bands continuous with the marginal carina, and only rarely have the strongly sclerotized parallel surfaces to which are attached lobes of the pulvinus as in Bruelia (Clay, 1951) ; pulvinus usually in the form of a single sac-like structure. 1 Ocular seta (except in Trogoninirmus and Austrophilopterus) and at least two of the temporal 1 At one time it was thought possible to use the characters of the ventral carinae and pulvinus to separate the Degeeriella- and Bruelia-complex.es, however the species of Degeeriella from Chelictina and Elanoides have the characters of these structures as in some species of Bruelia (see Clay, 1958). ENTOM. 7, 4. 5 124 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA setae elongated. Prothorax with one marginal seta each side (except in Lagopoecus meinertzhageni Clay) ; third episternum fully sclerotized laterally. Abdomen with postspiracular setae on segments III-VII 1 (exceptionally on IV-V only) with sensillae on III or IV-V. Tergal plates entire or separated medially ; sternal plates median, lateral or absent. In the male segments IX-X with a single fused tergal plate (entire or divided medially), separated from XI by a suture and setae ; anal and genital openings close together on dorsal surface, dorsal part of XI narrowed with the 3+3 anal setae on the dorsal surface of the abdomen (see Clay, 1953). Male genitalia usually with sclerotized penis, short curved parameres, the outer and inner edges of which are continuous with the basal apodeme, and endomeral plate of characteristic form (PI. 8, fig. 7). This basic form which is found in some species of most of the genera is also found modified to a greater or lesser extent in a few species belonging to many of the genera and in some species the basic degeerielline pattern can no longer be recognized, for instance, there may be an articulation between the parameres and the basal apodeme. The genitalia do not provide good group characters in this complex ; these structures in Acutifrons megalopterus Carriker and Degeeriella rufa (Burmeister) for instance, being more similar to each other than are those of A. megalopterus and A. caracarensis (Kellogg & Mann) ; and those of Capraiella subcuspidata (Burmeister) are nearer those of D. fulva (Giebel) than are those of D. fulva and D. mookerjeei Clay. The internal male genitalia are too various, even within one related group (see below, p. 127) to be used as diagnostic characters for the complex, but a general type similar to that of D. fulva from Buteo (Text-fig, i) with or without the lateral lobes is found in some of the species of many of the genera ; all the species examined with one exception (a Picicola from one of the Tyrannidae) have the ductus ejacu- latorius long and coiled. An examination has been made of the internal male genitalia of about 150 species belonging to 73 genera of the Ischnocera ; it was hoped that the characters of these organs might help in the generic or suprageneric classification of this superfamily. The members of the Gonides-complex (including only those found on the Galliformes and Columbidae) have the vesicular apparatus (see further below) formed of two simple lobes, not joined medially and the ductus ejaculatorius modified in some way, they differ in these characters from Austro- gonoides, Osculotes, Chelopistes and members of the Heptapsogaster-complex. The Otidoecus-complex (Otidoecus, Rhynonirmus and Cuclotogaster) have an unpaired diverticulum arising from the ductus ejaculatorius 2 . Apart from these two groups it has not been possible to find characters of generic or suprageneric importance, although they may be of specific or of species group value. Recently Blagovesht- chensky (1956) has published a most useful and extensive account with many figures of the internal genitalia of both Ischnocera and Amblycera. In the female the genital plate (when present) does not reach to the upper margin of the vulva (cf . Bruelia) ; genital region without lateral spine-like setae (cf . Rallicola) or clump of setae on tubercle-like area (cf. Bruelia). Inner genital sclerites and 1 As in previous publications roman numerals are used for the true segments, see below, p. 126. 2 The presence of this diverticulum and other characters make it certain that the " Lipeurus variabilis " in Strindberg, 1918 : 633 was in fact Cuclotogaster heterographus (Nitzsch). REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 125 subvulval sclerites present (Text-figs. 96, 97). Spermatheca with sclerotized calyx and simple thin- walled sac. It has not been possible to find any characters separating the females of the Degeeriella-complex from those of the Otidoecus-complex (i.e. Cuclotogaster, Otidoecus and Rhynonirmus) except that in the latter the calyx of the spermatheca is never apparent and it has not been possible to find any sign of a spermatheca in dissected specimens (no sections examined). The males are quite distinct : in the Otidoecus- complex the genital opening is terminal or ventro-terminal, intertergital sclerites are present and the ductus ejaculatorius has an unpaired diverticulum not yet found elsewhere amongst the Ischnocera. The present distribution of the Degeeriella-complex suggests that an ancestral stock must have been present on birds at an early stage of their evolution and that the Mallophaga have diverged with their hosts. On some host groups there are more than one species group belonging to the Degeeriella-complex, these presumably having diverged from each other on the host group in question ; these species groups are either sympatric and probably restricted to different ecological niches on the host, or allopatric and restricted to different taxonomic divisions of the host group. The species belonging to one of these groups have large heads and rounded abdomens with the characters frequently found in this type : that is a dorsal preantennal suture, temporal carinae, pleural thickening less well developed, and the tergites and sternites narrowed or interrupted medially ; the other is the more elongate form as found in Degeeriella fulva (PL i, fig. i). There appears to have been a considerable amount of parallel evolution in the degeerielline stocks resulting in a superficial resemblance between the species groups on different host groups. For instance, an undescribed species of Lagopoecus from the Megapodidae, Acutifrons viemi Guimaraes from the Accipitridae and Cuculicola acutus (Rudow) from the Cuculidae all have large heads pointed anteriorly, preantennal dorsal sutures and partial or complete temporal carinae passing posteriorly from the preantennal nodus ; the genitalia are all of the typical degeerielline type or modifications of it. Again Cuculicola latirostris from Cuculus canorus resembles superficially such species of Degeeriella as D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus, while the Cuculicola species from Geococcyx resembles Acutifrons megalopterus Carriker from a hawk (Phalcoboenus) in the broad head and abdomen and the form of the preantennal suture, in both genitalia are of the degeerielline type. In all these cases the species have retained the basic form of the abdominal tergites and sometimes the sternites : the species from the Galliform.es have the divided tergal and sternal plates, those from the Falconiformes have the entire tergal and sternal plates, while those from the Cucu- lidae have the anterior tergal plates at least, divided. The stability of certain characters and the divergence of the ancestral degeerielline stock on the various host groups together with parallel evolution makes it impossible to define a subfamily for the Degeeriella-complex, and further causes great difficulty in generic separation. It is possible with further study based on more material that some of the genera now recognized will have to be re-incorporated in Degeeriella. Degeeriella as found on the Falconiformes is here defined in detail and the charac- 126 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA ters found throughout the genus will not be repeated in the descriptions of the indi- vidual species which follow. DEGEERIELLA Neumann, 1906 Nirmus. Nitzsch, 1818, Germar's Mag. Ent. 3 : 291 (nee Hermann, 1804). Degeeriella. Neumann, 1906, Bull. Soc. zool. Fr. 20 : 60. Nomen novum for Nirmus Nitzsch nee Hermann. Type species by subsequent designation, Johnston & Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 36 : 326 : " D. discocephalus N." Kelerinirmus. Eichler, 1940, Zool. Am. 130 : 101. Type species : " Nirmus fuscus Nitzsch in Denny." Ischnocera not exceeding 3 mm. in length ; usually without marked sexual dimorphism, but the females average larger. Usually well pigmented species, the colour pattern sometimes forming a taxonomic character. Shape of head various, anterior margin varies from pointed (D. meinertzhageni) , flattened (D. fulva) or rounded (D. leucopleura, D. discocephalus). Marginal carina entire dorsally ; ven- trally may be interrupted medially to a greater or lesser extent ; hyaline margin may be apparent as a narrow rim round the anterior margin of the head. Dorsal preantennal suture and a true dorsal anterior plate never present in adult ; the dorsal preantennal region may have thickened areas or surface sculpturing ; dorsal post- antennal sutures rarely present (D. punctifer). Ventral carina never forms a complete semicircular band but is interrupted medially and the two carinae pass anteriorly ; at the aijterior edge of the pulvinus they merge with the general sclerotization of the head and a ventral suture (the ventral preantennal suture) is carried forward to or near the anterior margin of the head. Pulvinus usually appears as a simple lobe, but in a few species (e.g. D. guimaraesi) each ventral carina has a sclerotized flattened part parallel to that of the other carina to which is attached a lobe of the pulvinus (see Clay, 1958). Temporal carinae absent. Mandibles similar throughout the genus ; hypopharyngeal sclerites and gular plate well developed. Male antenna usually similar to that of female, but may show marked sexual dimorphism (D. mookerjeei). Chaetotaxy of the head of the basic ischnoceran type (Clay, 1951) ; ocular seta and at least two of the marginal temporal setae each side elongated. Prothorax similar throughout the group with rounded or parallel lateral margins and straight posterior margin ; one posterolateral or posterior elongated seta each side. Pterothorax may or may not show lateral indication of meso-metathoracic junction ; third episternum fully sclerotized laterally. Sternal plate narrowed anteriorly, normally with three setae each side. Dorsal pterothoracic setae usually comprise two lateral setae, one elongated and one spine-like, and four elongated setae each side of the posterior margin arranged in two pairs ; some species (D. discocephalus) may have a greater and more irregular number. Abdomen with nine apparent segments in the male and eight in the female ; these are interpreted as follows : the first apparent segment, probably I and II fused, is referred to as II, the second to the seventh (the spiracle bearing segments) as III-VIII. In the male the eighth segment represents IX-X fused, the ninth is XI ; in the female the last apparent segment is IX-XI fused. Segment II is always shorter than III. The tergal plates of II-X in the male and II-XI in the female are in the form of single plates across each segment ; tergites II-III may show partial REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 127 division into two sclerites. The tergite of fused IX-X in the male is usually arched and narrowed medially to a greater or lesser extent and tergal plate XI when present is a single or double sclerite immediately anterior to the anal and genital openings. Keler (1939) has been followed in considering the dorsal plates as representing the fused tergal and pleural plates. At the lateral edge of these plates of some or all of segments II-VIII there is, in most species of Degeeriella, a characteristic internal thickening. This thickening, here called the pleural thickening, usually consists of an internal sclerotized buttress along the edge of each segment which is continued inwards a short way along the inner anterior margin of the dorsal plate ; there is usually a characteristic anterior part passing into the segment above, known as the re-entrant head (Waterston, 1928). Sternal plates II-VI in the form of median sclerites in both sexes ; in the male the terminal sternites form a single fused genital plate. Anal and genital openings of male on dorsal surface of the abdomen with the 3 + 3 anal setae as described above under the definition of the Degeeriella- complex. The genital region of the female comprises the genital plate (i.e. sternal plate VII) usually not differing greatly from the anterior plates, but sometimes (D. rufa) with a median posterior prolongation. It is not possible to be certain to which segments the remaining sclerites of the genital region belong. Below the genital plate is an uncoloured area of the integument with a sclerite each side, perhaps those of VIII. The integument passes to the vulva and turns in to form the ventral wall of the genital chamber. On this wall are two sclerites, sometimes fused to a greater or lesser extent in the mid-line ; these are perhaps the median sclerites of VIII and are here called the inner genital sclerites (Text-fig. 96, ig.). On the dorsal wall of the genital chamber there is a sclerite each side which projects beyond the vulva ; this is perhaps the sclerite of X or IX and X fused and is here called the subvulval sclerite (Text-fig. 97, sv). The opening of the spermathecal tube (os.) lies between the subvulval sclerites in the dorsal wall of the genital chamber. The spermatheca is a simple thin-walled sac and the calyx is lightly sclerotized. The external male genitalia (see Clay, 1956) comprise a flattened basal apodeme ; short curved parameres, the outer and inner edges of which are continuous with the basal apodeme without a point of articulation ; an endomeral plate, rather thick dorsoventrally, with diverging dorsal arms (Text-fig. 59, da.) which may or may not join the basal apodeme each side and two ventral arms (Text-fig. 52, va.) with setae. Centrally there is a sclerotized tube-like penis which usually has at its base an irregular area of sclerotization (shown in the figures by an interrupted line) joined to the basal apodeme by a narrow sclerite (the penial sclerite, PS.) ; at this junction there is usually a curved arm each side (the penial arm, pa.) bearing a seta (the penial seta, pst.). The dorsal and ventral endomeral arms are joined by an area passing ventro-dorsally (and not always visible) to a line of thickening each side of the ventral surface of the plate (Text-fig. 50, a.). Internal male genitalia have been examined from 40 specimens of Degeeriella from only 19 species of hosts belonging to the Falconiformes, but even these show considerable variation. In D. fulva from Buteo vulpinus and Buteo buteo these structures conform in general characters to those of Columbicola columbae (Linn.) as described by Schmutz (1955). The vesicular apparatus comprises four separate 128 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA lobes united into a single organ ; as in all members of the Degeeriella-complex examined the two lateral lobes (Text-fig, i, la.) are shorter than the median lobes (me) ; in some species of Syrrhaptoecus however, the lateral lobes are considerably longer than the median ones. Within each median lobe two chambers can be dis- tinguished, the upper containing spermatozoa and the lower what is presumed to be a secretion. Each vas deferens (vd.) enters separately into each of the median lobes. The vesicular apparatus is continued into the ductus ejaculatorius (de.) which is strongly muscular near its base. The testes and vasa deferentia are similar throughout the complex, and do not differ significantly within any of the Philop- teridae examined. Variation of the vesicular apparatus and the ductus ejaculatorius and the point of entry of the vasa deferentia, within the species of Degeeriella examined are shown in Text-figs. 1-8. \ FIGS. 1-8. Internal male genitalia of Degeeriella. i. D. fulva from Buteo vulpinus. 2. D. beaufacies. 3. D. fusca from Circus aeruginosus. 4. D. elani from Elanus caeruleus vociferus. 5. D. rufa from Falco t. rupicolus. 6. D. r. regalis from Milvus migrans. 7. D. mookerjeei from Pernis ptilorhyncus gurneyi. 8. D. punctifer. me. median lobe of vesicular apparatus ; la. lateral lobe of vesicular apparatus ; vd. vas deferens; de. ductus ejaculatorius. Line ==0-5 mm. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 129 The length of the median lobes and the relative size of the lateral lobes may vary considerably in different species ; no lateral lobes could be seen in D. mookerjeei. In some cases the material was not in sufficiently good condition to distinguish the internal chambers of the median lobes, but there seems no doubt that in both D. regalis and D. mookerjeei there is only a single chamber, as spermatozoa could be seen filling the whole of the median lobes as figured for " Lipeurus variabilis " (? = Cuclotogaster heterographus, see footnote on p. 124) by Schmutz (1955 : 303). However, material suitable for sectioning is required before an accurate account can be given of the internal chambers of the median lobes. The ductus ejaculatorius is long and coiled in all species, and in all except D. rufa only a short basal portion is strongly muscular, in this latter species this muscular part is carried nearly to the end. The chaetotaxy of the abdomen has the following features common to all species ; the anterior tergal setae of segment II (probably those of the suppressed segment I) are two in number and elongated ; postspiracular setae are present on segments III-VII with sensillae on III-V ; VIII has the usual lateral seta in a sunken alveolus. All the above setae are omitted from the specific descriptions. Terga II-VIII and sterna II-VI each with a single line of setae ; pleural setae present on some or all of segments III-X. Vulva with some spine-like setae and with a varying number of sensilli ; posterior to the vulva there are, apart from the three anal setae, a single spine-like seta and one to three elongated setae (the pleural setae of X) each side. Nymphs. The three nymphal instars are easily separable by the chaetotaxy of the posterodorsal margin of the pterothorax (see Clay, 1955), as shown in Text-figs. 11-14 '> the third instar has the setae arranged as in the adult but at least two of the setae are thinner. The head does not take on the full adult characters until after the final moult. Boetticher & Eichler (1954) have shown the differences between the shape of the preantennal region of the head in nymphs and adults in Degeeriella and based some of their phylogenetic deductions on these findings. The present study of Degeeriella nymphs from 24 species of hawks shows that the curvature of the anterior margin of the head may be approximately the same in nymph and adult as in D. punctifer and D. discocephalus ; may be more rounded in the nymph as in D. fulva (Text-figs. 15-17) or more pointed as in D. rufa (Text-figs. 18-20). In D. rufa the anterior margin of the first instar (Text-fig. 18) resembles that of D. fulva to a greater extent than do those of the second or third instars (Text-figs. 19-20). The ventral carinae are sometimes better defined in the nymph than in the adult and in those of D. rufa (Text-fig. 10) there is a definite inner projection to which is attached a lobe of the pulvinus as in the nymphs and adults of D. guimardesi ; thus D. rufa resembles this latter species to a greater extent in the nymph than in the adult (see Clay, 1958). The second and third instars of D. rufa have a semicircular anterior dorsal thickening and a preantennal dorsal suture with a partial lateral break in the marginal carina each side (Text-fig. 10) ; these characters are not visible in the adults. In some species e.g. D. nisus frater both nymphs and adults have a similar dorsal anterior thickening. There may be considerable differences between the nymphs of two species : thus, although D. rufa and D. fulva are super- 1 3 o REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA ficially rather similar the nymphs of each are markedly different (Text-figs. 9, 10). These differences are also reflected in the adults in the characters of the male genitalia, female genital region and chaetotaxy of the abdomen. D. discocephalus and D. fulva superficially distinct have rather similar nymphs. The greater similarity of the head of rufa in the nymphs than in the adult to that of the adults and nymphs of 11 FIGS. 9-14. 9-10. Heads of third instar nymphs. 9. D. fulva from Buteo jamaicensis. 10. D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus. 11-14. Posterior margin of pterothorax of D. fulva from Buteo buteo. n. First instar. 12. Second instar. 13. Third instar. 14. Adult male. D. guimaraesi is also reflected in the adults of rufa which have other characters in common with guimaraesi not found elsewhere amongst the Degeeriella. Populations within a species may also differ from each other to a greater extent in the nymphal than in the adult stage : the third instars of D. rufa, for instance, from Falco rusticolus candicans and F. r. islandus (Text-figs. 21, 22) are more different than are the adults, which in some specimens are hardly separable (figs. 143, 147). This suggests that the superficial similarity of the majority of the species of Degeeriella on the Falconi- formes is a secondary adaptation to the environment found on this group of birds REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 131 and that the characters of the nymphs may be useful in the elucidation of relation- ships within the genus. Some of the difficulties of understanding these relationships are mentioned below under Host Relationships. Apart from the species of the Degeeriella-complex found on the Falconiformes there are two other groups which have been given generic status, but fall within the definition of Degeeriella as given above, these are Capraiella and part of Picicola. Capraiella Conci, 1941. This genus was erected for Nirmus subcuspidatus Bur- meister from Coracias garrulus mainly on the character of the pointed head. As will be seen below some Degeeriella from the hawks also have heads pointed anteriorly. It has not been possible to find any characters on which subcuspidata can be separated from Degeeriella, in fact the male genitalia considered alone would place this species near D. fulva. It is doubtful, therefore, whether Capraiella can be kept as a separate genus but further species may be found on other members of Coraciidae which may throw more light on the relationships of this group. Picicola Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938, and the subgenus Tyrannicola Carriker, 1956. This genus contains species found on the Pici and the Passeriformes, some of which can be included in the definitions of Degeeriella as given below. The species may lack the preantennal suture and have the tergites entire as in Degeeriella sens. sir., or may have a preantennal suture and divided tergal plates as in Cuculicola. The genitalia may be of the type found in D. fulva or a modification of this. These differences cut across the host divisions ; for instance, the species from Geocolaptes and Thripias belonging to the Pici and those from Colonia and Sayornis belonging to the Passeriformes have the tergites entire ; in the two former species the male genitalia are of the D. fulva type. The species from Dendrocopus (Pici) and Pitta (Passeriformes) have the tergites divided ; the latter species has the genitalia of the D. fulva type, the former the modified form. The species found on the Pici are in general less heavily sclerotized than those found on the Passeriformes and Falconi- formes. It is doubtful whether the erection of numerous subgenera is the best solution of this problem. Within the species of the Degeeriella-complex found on the Falconiformes three genera have been erected : Degeeriella Neumann, 1906 type species Nirmus disco- cephalus Burmeister ; Kelerinirmus Eichler, 1940, type species Nirmus fuscus Denny , and Acutifrons Guimaraes, 1942, type species A. vierai Guimaraes. Keleri- nirmus was described to include the species with elongate heads and abdomen and to separate them from the species with round heads and abdomens represented by D. discocephalus, the type species of Degeeriella. This division, however, appears to be a purely artificial one and places together D. discocephalus and punctifer purely on shape of head and abdomen together with certain characters directly correlated with this shape and of little phylogenetic importance (Clay, 1951). In fact, the characters of the carinae and sutures of the head, the male genitalia and female genital region show that these two species are not closely related. It appears that the discocephalus group and fulva group of species, both found on the same host groups, are nearly related to each other and perhaps derived from a common ancestor on these host groups. These two species groups are for instance, more closely related to each other than either is to rufa in spite of the superficial 132 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA similarity of rufa and fulva. Thus, it is not possible to recognize Kelerinirmus as a generic division of Degeeriella. Carriker (1956 : iT-4) 1 suggests the possibility that Acutifrons should be included in the discocephalus group of Degeeriella, but here again the similarity is purely superficial and it is unlikely that the Acutifrons group of species are particularly nearly related to discocephalus. It is possible that Acuti- frons is not a monophyletic group, the characters distinguishing the species ; the anterior dorsal suture, the temporal carinae and the enlarged head and abdomen having been developed more than once in different but related stocks. Until more is known about the distribution of these species Acutifrons should probably be maintained as a distinct genus. Nirmus splendidus Kellogg, 1899. While agreeing with Carriker (1956 : 126) that the identity of this species must await the examination of the types, the des- cription and figure are those of a Cuculicola not Acutifrons. No known species belonging to the Degeeriella-complex from hawks have the abdominal tergites divided medially, a character which is found throughout Cuculicola, further, the figure, except for the lateral margins of the temples represents the species found on Geococcyx calif orniensis. Since writing this, Carriker (1957) has been seen in which a figure is given of the male genitalia of a paratype of Nirmus splendidus, this seems to represent those of the species from Geococcyx californiensis in a somewhat com- pressed condition, as usually seen within the specimen. There seems little doubt that this is the true host of Nirmus splendidus Kellogg as figured originally by Kellogg (1899) and recently by Carriker (1957), and that the species should be included in Cuculicola. THE SPECIES, SUBSPECIES AND LOCAL POPULATION. In Degeeriella there is the difficulty, as always in the case of a widely-distributed homogenous group, of deciding whether any given form should be considered as a species or subspecies or whether some merit taxonomic rank at all. As Mayr (1951 : 93) has said, the subspecies is primarily a taxonomic concept which cannot be delimited from the local population on one hand and the species on the other. In the Mallophaga the application of the subspecific concept has been most haphazard and practically no attention has been paid to the amount of variability within populations from the same host form, and it seems that the time has come to consider this problem as a whole and to try to get some conformity within the suborder. In the distribution of the Mallophaga it is usual for an order or suborder of birds to be parasitized throughout by the same genus (or genera) of Mallophaga. The populations 2 of this genus on the different species of birds may be apparently indis- tinguishable, only statistically distinguishable, or may comprise individuals which are slightly but constantly different, or which are markedly different. The present 1 I should like to draw attention to a misquotation in this paper ; on p. 114 it is stated that I use the shape of the abdomen as the principle generic character of Oxylipeurus ; I have never considered shape of either abdomen or head as of any phylogenetic importance and as the whole of the passage to which Mr. Carriker refers was an attempt to demonstrate the dangers of using shape as a generic character in the Mallophaga it is apparent that Mr. Carriker has misunderstood what I was attempting to say, as is also shown by his remarks on p. 115, paragraph three. 2 The word population is here used for all the individuals of a taxa of Mallophaga found on one host form which can potentially interbreed because their hosts are potentially capable of interbreeding. Thus, all the Degeeriella from Buteo b. buteo throughout its range would be considered as comprising one population. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 133 distribution and relationships of the mallophagan genera suggest that these allopatric populations have, in general, been separated from each other by the splitting and species formation of the host stock and are thus analogous to populations of free- living animals on a group of continental islands which have been isolated by the disappearance of land connections (Clay, 1949). As in the case of such populations of free-living animals each of the mallophagan populations is an isolated unit without zones of contact with any other populations. Thus, as with all isolated allopatric FIGS. 15-25. Heads of nymphs. 15-17. D. fulva from Buteo buteo. 15. First instar. 1 6. Second instar. 17. Third instar. 18-20. D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus. 18. First instar. 19. Second instar. 20. Third instar. 21. Third instar D. rufa from Falco rusticolus islandus. 22. Third instar D. rufa from Falco rusticolus candicans. 23. Third instar D. beaufacies. 24. Third instar D. n. nisus frim Accipiter nisus. 25. Third instar D. n. f rater from Accipiter badius, Thailand. populations where there is no evidence available on the degree of reproductive isolation, there are no criteria for separating the polytypic species from the super- species except morphological ones. As these populations are obviously allopatric replacements of each other on the different host group it might be possible in many cases to consider them as belonging to one polytypic species. But this is to ignore the morphological evidence and obscures the fact that while some show marked morphological differences others are hardly separable taxonomically. Further, some distinct populations may each have a number of related morphologically similar 134 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA populations, making it more convenient to call each of these population groups, a species divided into a number of subspecies. It seems probable that there have been two tendencies in the evolution of the Mallophaga. One was to speciate rather rapidly, perhaps due to the original occu- pation of an empty ecological niche provided by the feathered bodies of birds, a changing environment due to the evolution of the birds themselves, together with the increasing isolation of the populations of the Mallophaga. The second tendency was a conservatism due to the later similarity of the environments afforded by birds belonging to one group, and to the close adaptation to a host which results from the parasitic habit and perhaps limits subsequent morphological change. The first tendency was probably responsible for the formation, in the Ischnocera, of the large number of genera and distinctive species groups, while the second has led to the similarity of the forms comprising these groups. The uniform environment and the necessity of being able to move easily through the feathers has probably been responsible for the relatively smooth uniform surface of the Mallophaga without the development of feathered setae, scales and other modifications of the exoskeleton which provide useful taxonomic characters in many groups of insects. It is rather frequent in the genera of the Ischnocera to find a series of populations superficially similar and differing mainly in the characters of the male genitalia, the uniformity of the environment having led to superficial similarity and the isolation of the popu- lations being shown in differences in such non-adaptive characters as the male genitalia. It must be expected in the Mallophaga that the character differences between related groups will be small, and these must of course be judged for each group of related species ; similar character differences cannot of course be used in separating analogous taxa in the Ischnocera and Amblycera, for instance. The degree and time of isolation cannot be used to determine the specific or subspecific status of a population : the populations of Degeeriella (D. regalis regalis) on Milvus and on Buteo galapagoensis are separated by host and geographical distri- bution, and although there cannot have been any gene flow between these populations over great periods of time, and although the gene pools must now be distinct, there is no clear cut morphological difference between these populations. If distribution is taken into account there is a further difficulty that the exact relationship between the hosts is not always known, so that on the analogy of the free living allopatric populations the exact position of the locality of any one population in relation to another is uncertain and deductions of which are the most nearly related populations cannot always be made. Thus, although some groups may show gradients in such characters as the size and shape of head and number of abdominal setae these cannot be equated with clinal variation in free-living populations, as the populations are isolated and they have a host (not geographical) distribution, the most similar forms not necessarily being most nearly related. For instance, in Degeeriella there are examples of Harrison's law that in related populations those parasitizing the larger hosts tend to comprise larger individuals ; correlated with this increase in size there is a tendency towards larger heads, broader anteriorly, and sometimes to a greater number of abdominal setae. This tendency is seen in some of the popu- lations of D. rufa on Falco, D. nisus on Accipiter and D. fulva on Buteo. Thus, REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 135 sometimes the similarity of characters is partly due to ecological factors and not relationship (although in some cases of course the former may be dependent on the latter). Some of the subspecies in the Mallophaga differ from each other in only one character or in two or three correlated characters perhaps associated with size differences which are themselves dependent on host size. Thus, there may be populations, not very closely related, which are indistinguishable from each other and must be included in the same subspecies (Mayr, Linsley, Usinger, 1953 : 32) ; these are analogous to the polytopic subspecies of the free-living animal. It has been suggested (Mayr et al., 1953 : 104) that the morphological differences between sympatric species of the same genus might give an indication of the correct status of isolated populations, but Brown & Wilson (1956 : 49) have shown that when two species of animals overlap geographically the difference between them is accent- uated in the zone of sympatry and weakened or lost entirely in parts of their range outside this zone. This might explain the differences between the species of Degeeriella (a genus in which sympatry is rare) on Pernis, which are so much greater than is usual between species found on hawks belonging to the same genus. The two species, Pernis apivorus and P. ptilorhynchus might originally have had the same species of Degeeriella, the populations of which split into two and diverged sufficiently to remain distinct when they later became sympatric (see Clay, 1949) ; if the fact that that they had become sympatric caused them to diverge to a greater extent and if D. phlyctopygus became extinct on Pernis ptilorhynchus and D. mookerjeei on P. apivorus, the differences between these two species of Degeeriella would be more marked than if they had not formerly been sympatric. This explanation is partly supported by the fact that these two species are separated by the characters of the male antennae, a common difference between sympatric species of the same genus (Clay, 1949). It is perhaps for this reason that differences between allopatric species are sometimes much smaller than those distinguishing sympatric species. If we accept the definition of subspecies as populations which would interbreed under natural conditions if they occurred sympatrically, then any morphological differences which might prevent interbreeding should be considered as specific characters. It seems reasonable to suppose that at least some of the character differences between closely related sympatric species are those which prevent or discourage cross-breeding. In the Ischnocera closely related sympatric species may be distinguished by the male genitalia, male antennae and in one genus (Osculotes) the legs of the male, and in size and proportions of the head and abdomen. The former characters would probably all prevent or discourage cross-breeding, while the last two characters might mean that the populations were partly restricted to different ecological niches on the body of the bird resulting in partial isolation from each other. An example of this in the Anoplura is provided by Pediculus humanus humanus and P. h. capitis, whose occupation of different ecological niches on man has resulted in impaired fertility when they are crossed (Hopkins, 1949 : 419). Even gross differences in the form of the male genitalia in insects may not form a mechanical bar to successful copulation (Dobzhansky, 1955 : 189). Jordan (1896) in his analysis of the genitalia of Papilio showed that in general each of the species was distinguishable by the form of the male genitalia ; he also showed that there was geographical variation 136 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA FIGS. 26-34. Endomeral plate, dorsal view. 26. D. fulva from Aquila chrysaetos. 27. D. carrikeri. 28. D. emersoni. 29. D. n. nisus from Accipiter n. nisus. 30. D.fusca from Circus aeruginosus. 31-32. D. n. frater from Accipiter badius, Thailand ; 2 specimens from the same host individual to show variation. 33. D. hopkinsi. 34. D. leucopleura. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 137 in the structure of the male genitalia and concluded that it was not possible to draw a distinction between specific and subspecific characters and that a peculiarity of a structure might be an individual aberration, a subspecific or a specific character. Jordan did, however, believe that divergence in the organs of copulation was a means of preventing intercrossing. Within the Mallophaga the genitalia may be uniform, with only minor or no apparent differences throughout genera, or large species-groups, examples of this are found mainly in the Amblycera (e.g. Colpo- cephalum and Actornithophilus) , and in some Ischnocera (e.g. Anaticola} ; in others there may be relatively small but constant differences in the population from nearly every host species, as in some groups of Quadraceps, and in other genera the differences may be so great that it is difficult to homologize the sclerites forming the genitalia of the different species. It must, therefore be presumed that the differentiation of the genitalia has taken place at different rates in different groups and that simi- larity of genitalia cannot always be used as a criterion of conspecificity, this is especially so in some genera of Amblycera. In Anaticola again, where the genitalia are similar throughout the genus it would seem to be necessary to use the characters of the preantennal region of the head for specific divisions. It is clear therefore, that the delimination of the specific and subspecific categories in the Mallophaga must be based on criteria which differ in each genus and that a study of the whole genus is necessary before a decision on these categories is made. Moreover, it is necessary to choose completely arbitrary criteria for the decision as to whether a population should have specific or subspecific rank, and this, in spite of some of the criticisms mentioned above, must be based on the characters of the genus as a whole, the number of character differences present, the characters separating sympatric species of the same genus and to a lesser degree host distribution. It is apparent that the male genitalia of the Degeeriella-complex (see above p. 124) are rather constant in character, those of Capraiella, for instance, being quite near ihefulva group of species, and that small differences in these structures may therefore be of significance in distinguishing species. A population has been considered as a full species if the individuals comprising it show one of the following qualifications : 1. Male genitalia quite distinct. 2. Male genitalia differ to a lesser extent, sometimes to a rather minor degree, but there are also a number of other character differences, such as the presence or absence of the pleural setae on certain of the abdominal segments, 4 or more setae on each of the sterna II I- VI, together with other morphological characters such as the form of the pleural thickening, marginal carina and ventral suture of the head, and marked differences in the shape of the nymphal heads. 3. Male genitalia apparently indistinguishable but the individuals differ in many of the other characters listed above. Populations are treated as subspecies when the male genitalia are apparently identical or only differ to a minor degree (e.g. number of setae as in D. rufa caruthi), which differ in the shape and proportions of the head and in a minor way in the breadth of the temporal marginal carinae and pleural thickenings or the shape of various sclerites. The second, and more controversial problem is that of deciding whether certain ENTOM. 7, 4. 6 138 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA populations should be recognized taxonomically at all. Various procedures have been adopted within the classification of the Mallophaga, one is to describe as new every population occurring on a different host species, in the hope, it is presumed, that 50% or more may prove to be valid and leaving some other worker to find out. Another method is to take single specimens and to describe them as new species or subspecies on some minor character which is likely to be variable within the popu- lation or even an artefact due to method of preservation and of no taxonomic signi- ficance. These two examples of bad taxonomic procedure, unfortunately still rather frequent in the systematics of the Mallophaga, need not be further considered. The difficult cases are those where there are differences and where the populations must be genetically quite distinct, but it is considered unsatisfactory to recognize them taxonomically. In Degeeriella it is possible to distinguish three categories, apart from those where insufficient material is available, the taxonomic recognition of which it is considered would not assist in the classification of the group : 1. Certain populations are only separable from each other statistically ; here no useful purpose would be served in naming these microsubspecies, where many individuals would not be identifiable. 2. Certain populations may appear to differ, but when large series are examined too much variation is found to support the divisions, an example of this are the popu- lations from Aquila and the various species of Buteo (see p. 146). 3. The populations from two hosts may be distinctly separable on such characters as size and shape of head, but if between these two there is a series of populations from related hosts showing a character gradient in these characters it is not considered that any of the populations should be recognized. The populations of D. rufa from Falco provide a particularly difficult problem (see further p. 183) as they differ from each other in the outline of the anterior margin of the head, showing all degrees from marked differences to very slight ones, the latter being complicated by individual variation. If any subspecies are recognized then the classification of the populations showing minor differences becomes almost impossible ; this may be a case where subspecies should not be recognized. This policy of not overwhelming the classification by naming every statistically or barely separable population is not to discourage the study of populations, their variation and host distribution ; there is much interesting information on these subjects to be gathered from detailed statistical analysis, all that is here recommended is that these populations should not be given names. In this present paper an attempt has been made to sort out the populations deserving taxonomic rank and not to study detailed variation. VARIATION AND ARTEFACTS. The populations of Degeeriella from the various hawks are frequently very similar to each other and forms are separated on rather slight character differences, for this reason it is necessary to consider the amount of variation within populations from one host form. Further, it is necessary to work with specimens which have been treated in various ways so that they can be examined under high-power microscopes and this may cause various artefacts dependent on the methods used. Individuals in populations of Mallophaga, unlike some other groups of insects, tend to show little variation in size and external characters, due no doubt REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 139 to the similarity of the environment in all stages of development and to the unlimited and easily accessible food supply. The reliability of the morphological characters which have been used in the taxonomy of the group are discussed below. i. Size. As already mentioned populations of Mallophaga tend to be rather constant in size. A number of experiments were carried out to see which was the most reliable measurement in Degeeriella. A male and female of each of D. fuva, D. r. regalis and D. rufa were measured at each stage of the following treatments : 40 FIGS. 35-41. Endomeral plate, dorsal view. 35. D. d. discocephalus. 36. D. elani. 37. D. tendeiroi. 38. D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus. 39. D. r. regalis from Milvus milvus. 40. D. r. deignani. 41. D. punctifer. (a) In 80% alcohol after two to three years storage ; (b) in a saturated solution of phenol in 70% alcohol, warmed to clear ; (c) after 22 hours in cold 10% caustic potash, body contents removed, cleared in clove oil and mounted in Canada balsam ; (d) after immersion for 15 minutes in 10% caustic potash in a boiling water bath, mounted in canada balsam and the cover glass pressed well down. It was found the 140 breadth of the temples remained either constant under the different treatments or changed no more than 0^004 mm., while other measurements especially total length, breadth of pterothorax and length and breadth of abdomen were rather variable due to contraction or expansion between the different regions of the body or changes in shape due to pressure by the cover slip. This means that in Degeeriella the breadth of the head is a measurement that can be taken quickly and accurately in any media, does not alter with the age of the adult, the abdomen for example in teneral females is usually smaller (Clay, 1956) and it is possible to compare the measurements of other workers as there is no ambiguity about the exact position of where the measurement is taken. The whole of the collected populations from one bird can be measured in phenol solution without the labour of mounting them in Canada balsam and ensures that not only the larger specimens, which consciously or unconsciously are likely to be picked out for permanent mounts, are measured. This measurement, therefore, is useful in comparing populations from various hosts which differ only in absolute size ; the size of the temple breadth being roughly proportional to the total size. It cannot of course be used in comparisons of populations which differ in the shape of the postantennal region of the head. It should be noted that this is a different problem from the consideration of which measurements show the least variation in a population from one host where all individuals have been treated in the same way. Tj0nneland (1955) compiled the variation coefficients for various measurements of 40 males and 40 females of Degeeriella d. aquilarum Eichler taken from the same host individual and subjected to the same treatment ; it was found that the measurement of the head showed the least variation within the populations. It has been found in numbers of specimens belonging to one species that those from the different hosts may differ in average measurements of head breadth, but that the ranges overlap ; it is important therefore to give the range and number of specimens measured. For reasons discussed elsewhere (p. 138) time has not been spent on statistical analysis of the measurements of the different populations of Degeeriella mentioned in this paper. It is doubtful whether subspecies should be recognized on size differences alone and certainly not when only two or three specimens are available. 2. Pigment and sclerolization. As it is frequently necessary to work with material which has been kept long in alcohol or over treated with caustic potash it is difficult to use the characters in the comparison of all species. However, the amount and arrangements of pigment may be a taxonomic character (see D.fusca). The scleroti- zed plates may vary in outline as some of these, especially the thoracic sternal plates and the male and female genital plates, may have part of the plate more lightly sclerotized and in some specimens, either naturally or due to treatment, the lighter part is not apparent, thus altering the outline. 3. Head. The shape and size of the head is a useful character and as shown above the breadth is not affected by the various methods of preparation. However, in some populations there appears to be a certain amount of variation in the curvature of the anterior margin (see under D. fulva). The thickness of the marginal carina and the presence or absence of an inner median indentation are usually reliable characters, but there may be intrapopulation variation in these characters, sometimes due to methods of preparation ; teneral specimens especially may be misleading in REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 141 these characters (see below under D. pseudophaea] . Thus, specimens of the fulva- group from the same host form may have the typical flattened anterior margin, with broad marginal carina and well marked inner marginal indentation, whereas other specimens may have rather rounded anterior margins, rather narrow marginal carina and the inner marginal indentation not apparent. Specimens which have been left too long in caustic potash may have the marginal carina appearing narrower, the head often more rounded anteriorly and the anterior end of the ventral suture not distinguishable ; the extent of the hyaline margin may also vary in mounted specimens according to the position and pressure exerted. The proportions of the head, that is ratio of length of preantennal region to postantennal region and ratio of breadth to length of these regions may be misleading as these show variation within popu- lations. Reduction of these proportions to mathematical terms is unsatisfactory owing to the difficulty of finding exact points of measurement and a more accurate method is that described in Clay & Hopkins (1954 : 230) in which an outline of a head is drawn with a camera lucida and comparisons of other heads made by projecting them on to this outline ; by adjusting the magnification it is possible to get a fixed measurement such as the breadth of the temples and thus compare the proportions of the head (see also p. 184). If this is done with a large number of specimens from one host it will be seen that proportions are often variable and cannot be used for subspecific divisions. Both the marginal and temporal marginal carinae may have indentations, the number, shape and position of which show some individual varia- tion. However, the thickness and outline of these carinae, with the reservations discussed above, may be of taxonomic importance. The conus tends to be variable in shape and length mainly due to the position in mounting and except where the differences are strongly marked (e.g. D. punctifer], this structure has not been used as a taxonomic character. The position of the second ventral submarginal seta (Clay, 1951) shows individual variation being found either above or below the level of the inner margin of the marginal carina. 4. Thorax. The number of sternal setae and the shape of the sternal plate show individual variation (Text-figs. 112-118). and is of no taxonomic value amongst nearly related species. There are usually eight elongated posterodorsal setae on the pterothorax arranged in two groups of two each side, but there may be individual variation in the number and position. 5. Abdomen. In general the presence or absence of a partial division of tergal plate II-III is constant for a given taxa, but there are cases where this character especially in II shows individual variation. The width and the dorsal and ventral outline of the pleural thickening is often a useful character, but in mounted specimens is liable to distortion ; this distortion is particularly marked in the shape and details of the re-entrant head ; teneral specimens do not always show the normal characters of the adult pleural thickening. In the female the subvulval sclerites may show slight individual variation. 6. Male genitalia. The basal apodeme may show slight variation in outline either due to individual variation or to distortion in preparation. The shape of the tips of the parameres must again be used with caution as the appearance of these is dependent on position of mounting. The sclerotization round the penial sclerite and penial 142 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA arms is irregular and rather variable in outline. The fusion or not of the dorsal endomeral arms with the basal apodeme may be a specific character or it may show individual variation and differ on the two sides of the same individual. There is also frequently considerable variation in the shape and length of the distal ends of 45 FIGS. 42-48. Male genitalia, ventral view of distal area. 42. D. fulva from Aquila chrysaetos. 43. D. beaufacies. 44. D. carrikeri. 45. D. emersoni. 46. D. n. nisus from Accipiter nisus. 47. D. n. frater from Accipiter badius, Kenya. 48. D. fusca from Circus aeruginosus. the ventral endomeral arms and the position of the setae, the two sides in one indi- vidual often being asymmetrical in these characters. It is not always possible to see the relationship of the dorsal and ventral parts of the mesosome to each other unless the genitalia are dissected and mounted separately on the slide. 7. Abdominal chaetotaxy. This frequently forms a useful taxonomic character, but it is important to consider the amount of individual variation. The presence or absence of pleural setae on some of the anterior segments and on X in the male can be used to separate species or species groups, but occasionally an individual will REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 143 be found with one seta present on one side of a segment when its absence is characteri- stic of the species. Another character which can be used to separate species groups is whether the sterna of III-VI normally have 4 or more setae ; however, the species characterized by the presence of 4 setae may have the occasional specimen with one or two segments with 3 or 5 setae. The number of tergal setae may also be taxonomically important but here again there is individual variation and a more useful character is the range in the total number of setae found on segments III-VI I. The dorsal setae on segment X of the male may vary from 1-3 each side, but in some populations one each side seems to be the rule with occasional exceptions. Characters of taxonomic importance. The following characters have been found to be of taxonomic importance in Degeeriella and should be given together with their variation in all descriptions of new taxa : Shape of head : form of marginal and ventral carinae, and anterior extension of ventral suture ; thickness of temporal marginal carinae ; number of elongated marginal temporal setae ; presence or absence of postantennal sutures. Form of tergal plates of segments II-III, and XI in male and IX-XI in female ; width, and dorsal and ventral outline, and develop- ment of re-entrant head of pleural thickening. Outline of female genital plate, inner genital sclerites and subvulval sclerites. Presence and absence of pleural setae on segments II-VI and of X in male and numbers of sternal setae. The male genitalia should be figured to show the length of the penis and the form of the penial arms, and a dorsal and ventral view of the endomeral plate. SYSTEMATIC SURVEY OF THE SPECIES OF DEGEERIELLA PARASITIC ON THE FALCONIFORMES For convenience in classification and to avoid frequent repetition in descriptions, the species are divided into a number of species groups. There is naturally not always a clear cut distinction between the species groups and these may not always form natural phylogenetic assemblages. The groups are based mainly on the characters of the head, abdominal chaetotaxy and the male genitalia. Characters given under the definition of the genus (p. 126) and for the species groups are not usually repeated again in the descriptions of the species. The fulva Species Group 1. Head index less than 0-90. 2. Dorsal head sutures not apparent. 3. Two of the marginal temporal setae each side elongated. 4. Thoracic sternal plate and chaetotaxy as in Text-figs. 112-118 ; this plate shows individual variation in shape and in the number of associated setae. 5. Thorax and abdomen with general shape as in PI. i, fig. i. 6. Tergal plates of segment XI not apparent in male. 7. Terga of segments IX-XI in female as in Text-fig. 105. 8. Pleural thickening of segments III-VI usually with well developed re-entrant heads. 144 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 9. Sternites of II-VI in the form of quadrilateral median plates. 10. Male genital plate of irregular and variable outline. 11. Female genital plate without median posterior prolongation. 12. Female inner genital sclerites never fused in mid-line. 13. Male genitalia of type shown in PI. 8, fig. 3 ; penial sclerite present. 14. Setae each side of posterodorsal margin of pterothorax : i (lateral) spine- like seta, i elongated seta, 2 pairs of elongated setae (as Text-fig. 14). 15. Pleural setae absent on segments II-III and usually IV, and on segment X in male. 16. Sternocentral setae of segments III-IV normally 4. 17. Ventral chaetotaxy of male segments VII-XI as in Text-fig. 102 ; in some specimens one or both of the outer setae on segment VII may be absent. Degeeriellafulva (Giebel), 1874 Type host : Aquila chrysaetos (Linn.) (PI. i, figs. 1-7 ; PI. 8, fig. 3 ; Text-figs, i, 9, 11-17, 26, 42, 70, 84, 102, 105, 109, 112-118) Nirmus fuscus Nitzsch, 1861, nee Nirmus fuscus Denny, 1842. In Giebel, Z. ges. Nat Wiss. 17 : 525. Host : Buteo vulgaris = Buteo b. buteo (Linn.). Nirmus fulvus Giebel, 1874. Insecta epizoa : 124. Host : Aquila fulva = A. chrysaetos (Linn.). Nirmus angustus Giebel, 1874. Insecta epizoa : 126. Host : Buteo lagopus (Pontoppidan). Nirmus flavidus Giebel, 1874. Insecta epizoa : 301, Host : Buteo jaktal Buteo r. rufofuscus (J. R. Forster). Degeeriella giebeli Hopkins, 1947. Entomologist, 80 : 77. Host : Buteo b. buteo (Linn.). Degeeriella borealis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. 39 : 41, figs. Host : Buteo jamaicensis borealis (Gmelin). Degeeriella genitalis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. 39 : 43, figs. Host : Buteo regalis (G. R. Gray). The description, figure and host of D. fusca (Nitzsch) make it certain that this name, already preoccupied, is a synonym of D. fulva (see also Hopkins, 1947 : 76). The original description of D. fulva together with the fact that it was placed between fuscus and rufus, both figured, show that Giebel's original specimen must have been the elongated type (PL i, fig. i) of Degeeriella found on Aquila not the round-bodied type (PI. 9, fig. 2). As this species appears to be indistinguishable from that on Buteo there seemed a possibility that the known specimens might have been strag- glers from this latter genus. However, an examination of all the available material from Aquila, that is 18 <^, 36 $ from nine individuals of seven species of Aquila, shows there is no doubt that Aquila was the true host of at least three of these records; the hosts of the remainder cannot now be confirmed. It can be assumed, therefore, that the species described below is a natural parasite of Aquila. Degeeriella fulva is distinguishable from other species in the species group by a combination of the characters of the marginal carina, ventral suture, tergites II-III, pleural thickening, number of pleural setae and the details of the male genitalia. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 145 MALE. Inner dorsal margin of marginal carina indented medially ; ventral suture passes to anterior margin of head (Text-fig. 109, v.). Tergite II only with definite median unsclerotized indentation. Pleural thickening narrow with inner edges comparatively straight. Genital plate as in Text-fig. 102. Genitalia as in PI. 8, fig. 3 and Text-figs. 26, 42 ; there is some variation in the shape of the basal apodeme pst- FIGS. 49-53- Male genitalia, ventral view of distal area. 49. D. hopkinsi. 50. D. leuco- pleura. 51. D. d. discocephalus . 52. D. elbeli. 53. D. tendeiroi. ps. penial sclerite ; pa. penial arm ; pst. penial setae ; va. ventral endomeral arm. and of the base of the endomeral plate which does not always show an inner inden- tation. Internal genitalia as in Text-fig, i. FEMALE. Terga of segments IX-XI as in Text-fig. 105 and genital region as in Text-figs. 70, 84. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II normally 6 1 range 4-7 ; III-V normally 8, range 6-8 ; VI-VIII normally 6, range 4-8. X in the male has 1 In this and all subsequent descriptions the two anterior setae always found on II are omitted. I 4 6 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA from 1-3 setae each side ; of 16 males from Aquila n had one (i + i) each side, 3 had 1 + 2 and two had 2 + 2 ; in 80 males taken at random from various species of Buteo, 8 had i + i, 19 had i + 2, 44 had 2 + 2, 7 had 2 + 3 and 2 had 3 + 3. Tergal setae of segments X-XI of female as in Text-fig. 105. Pleural setae : II-IV o ; V, i on each side ; VI-VII, 2 ; VIII, 3. In the male IX has 2 each side and X, o. In the female IX and X each have 1-3 each side. Sternocentral setae of II-VI normally 4 with the occasional segment of the occasional specimen with 3 or 5. In the male total number of marginal setae of last segment dorsal and ventral, varies from 9-14. NYMPHS. No nymphs have been seen from any species of Aquila ; pterothoracic setae and heads of the three instars of specimens taken from Buteo are shown in Text-figs. 9, 11-13, i5-!7- VARIATION AND HOST DISTRIBUTION. The detailed comparison made by Tendeiro (1955 : 590) between specimens from Buteo buteo and Aquila chrysaetos has been studied closely, but the conclusions reached are different ; this is probably due to the availability of specimens from a greater number of species of Aquila and Buteo. Through the kindness of Dr Tendeiro it has been possible to examine three males and six females from Aquila chrysaetos ; these have been compared with 15 males and 30 females from six other species of Aquila and about 350 males and 400 females from 17 forms of Buteo. Certain characters were found to be too variable within the Head Prothorax Pterothorax Abdomen Total Genitalia* Head index Head Prothorax Pterothorax Abdomen Total Head index Length Breadth o-53 0-43 0-30 0-47 1-18 0-58 2 -06 0-81 0-60 0-47 0-30 0-50 0-78 Measurements in mm. Male B Length Breadth X >. f " \ t \ Range Mean Range Mean 0-50-0-58 (17) o*55 0-38-0-45 (17) '43 0-25-0-30 (12) 0-27 0-42-0-47 (12) '45 I -O2-I -25 (lo) 1-14 0-50-0-67 (10) 0-58 I-83-2-20 (ll) 2 -O2 0-34-0-38 ( 4 ) o-37 0-75-0-79 (17) 0-77 Female 0-58-0-62 (12) o-59 0-45-0-49 (12) 0-47 0-28-0-33 (10) 0-29 o-47- '53 (10) 0-50 1-13-1-43 (9) 1-17 0-60-0-70 (10) 0-65 2-03-2-35 (9) 2-23 0-77-0-81 (ll) 0-79 A. Single specimen from A. chrysaetos. B. Specimens from Buteo lagopus. * Length of genitalia of male taken from anterior margin of basal apodeme to posterior margin of endomeral plate. Number of specimens measured given in brackets. Head index breadth : length. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA C Male Length Head (10) . Prothorax (7) Pterothorax (7) Abdomen (7) Total (7) . Genitalia (4) C.I. (10) . Head (9) . Prothorax (9) Pterothorax (8) Abdomen (7) Total (7) . C.I. (9) . Range Mean 0-50-0-55 o-53 Breadth A*. I -03-1 -22 i -80-2-10 ' 77"- ' 1-13 1-96 0-79 Female 8 0-57 Range 0-40-0-43 (12) 0-25-0 -28 0-40-0-47 0-50-0-60 1-27-1-38 2-15-2-30 0-76-0-80 1-32 2-22 0-78 o 44-0 46 O-27-O-28 o 460 49 0-58-0-62 C. Specimens from Aquila clangula and A. wahlbergi. D Male Mean 0-42 0-26 o-43 o-54 o-45 0-28 o-47 0-60 Head Prothorax Pterothorax Abdomen Total C.I. Length 0-50-0-58 i -oo-i -32 1-75-2-23 0-75-0-81 Breadth 0-38-0-47 0-23-0-30 0-38-0-48 0-48-0-67 Female Breadth 0-40-0-50 D. Maximum and minimum measurements of specimens from Buteo species. populations from one host species to be used for taxonomic divisions. These are : exact curvature of the anterior margin of the head and thickness of the marginal carinae, both these characters also seem to be affected by the method of treatment (see p. 140) ; outline of gular plate and thoracic sternal plates and the number of associated setae (Text-figs. 112-118) ; shape and extent of unsclerotized area of tergite II ; central narrowing of fused tergite IX-X in male ; outline of male genital plate ; exact outline of basal apodeme, differences in its total length and ratio of its length to that of the mesosome ; shape of penial arms ; ratio of height to breadth of female genital plate and exact outline of subvulval sclerites. PI. i, figs. 1-7, show the variation in the shape of the head of specimens from various hosts ; figs. 3-4 are specimens from the same host individual and mounted on the same slide. As already discussed above (p. 134) there is a tendency for the populations on larger i 4 8 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA host species to have a greater number of larger individuals. This is true of the populations from the species of Buteo : measurements of head breadth of 321 males from 17 forms of Buteo and 396 females from 16 forms show a difference in the average breadth of the head between some of these populations. Thus, in males (53 speci- mens) from Buteo buteo (the smaller bird) the average is 0-41 mm., while in those FIGS. 54-57. Male genitalia, ventral view of distal area. 54. D. elani. 55. D. rufa from F. tinnunculus. 56. D. r. regalis from Milvus milvus. 57. D. punctifer. (41 specimens) from Buteo jamaicensis borealis (the larger bird) the average is 0*44 mm. Populations from other species of Buteo have intermediate averages and there is overlap in measurements of individuals of all populations. In addition to size some of the populations are composed of individuals in which the head tends to be more rounded anteriorly, such as that from Buteo jamaicensis (PL I, fig. 7), although even in this case there are individuals indistinguishable from those from other REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 149 hosts. For these reasons it has not been found possible to recognize taxonomically the populations from the different species of Buteo and to separate these from the populations from Aquila ; this is also true of the population parasitic on Geranoaetus. There are considerable difficulties in placing the populations from the following hosts : Ichthyophaga, Polemaetus, Lophaetus, Hieraaetus, and Spilornis. Specimens from Ichthyophaga and Polemaetus can probably be included with fulva, but the avail- able material is not in sufficiently good condition for exact comparison. Those from Lophaetus and Hieraaetus are rather similar and have the anterior inner margin of the marginal carina sloping posterolaterally instead of being nearly parallel with the anterior margin as in typical fulva ; however in some specimens the difference is less marked and a similar condition is found in some specimens from Aquila wahlbergi. In the specimens from Hieraaetus the shape of the penial arms differ slightly from those of typical fulva, but in Lophaetus both types occur. The population from Melierax musicus poliopterus resembles that from Lophaetus in the characters of the margin carina, but specimens from some subspecies of Melierax metabates are intermediate between the latter and fulva. Specimens from Spilornis resemble the Lophaetus population but have a broader head anteriorly and may differ in colour pattern but the material is not in sufficiently good condition for identification. Nymphs are available from the Melierax metabates population only ; these resemble those from Buteo. Taking all these facts into consideration it does not seem that at the present time the classification will be simplified by giving subspecific names to all these poorly separable, perhaps inseparable, populations (see above p. 138) and these are, therefore, here kept for the present under the name fulva. The material available from Melierax is confusing : as shown above that from M. musicus poliopterus (5 $ from 3 individuals from Kenya) and that from some forms of M. metabates ((n <$ from Portugese E. Africa, Aden (1,000 <$ and 2,068 $ in spirit), Morocco and SW. Africa)) are near fulva while 9 <$ from M. gabar and 7 <$ from M . metabates from two individuals from Uganda differ constantly in the characters of the male genitalia and cannot be included in fulva. Specimens from Hypomorphus urubitinga belong to the fulva species group but seem to differ in the details of the male genitalia but the available material is not in sufficiently good condition for a decision on this. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Three <$, 6 $ from Aquila chrysaetos (Linn.), Portugal; 3 $ from Aquila heliaca Savigny, Kurdestan ; 2 $ from Aquila rapax (Temminck), Rajputana and Kenya ; 3 $, 5 $ from Aquila clanga Pallas, Czechoslovakia and Germany ; 4 <, 5 $ from Aquila verreauxii Lesson, Rondebosch, South Africa ; 7 (, 7 $ from Aquila wahlbergi, Sundevall, Uganda ; i <$, 8 $ from Aquila pomarina Brehm, no data. Many males and females from the following forms of Buteo : B. rufinus rufmus (Cretzschmar), B. rufinus cirtensis (Levaillant), B. rufofuscus (R. J. Forster), B. r. augur Riippell, B. hemilasius Temminck & Schlegel, B. regalis (G. R. Gray), B. jamaicensis alascensis Grinnell, B. j. borealis (Gmelin), B. j. kriderii Hoopes, B. j. costaricensis Ridgway, B. harlani (Audubon), B. 1. lineatus (Gmelin), B. b. buteo (Linn.), (including holotype, allotype and paratypes of D. giebeli Hopkins), B. v. vulpinus (Gloger), B. b. burmanicus Hume, B. 1. lagopus (Pontoppidan) , B. I. s.- johannis (Gmelin). Four <, 25 $ from Geranoaetus melanoleucus australis Swan, i 5 o REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Chile. Eighteen $, 25 $ from Icthyophaga ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (Horsfield), Deccan, India. Eight $, 7 $ from Lophaetus occipitalis (Daudin), Sudan, Uganda, Kenya. Seven $> 7 ? from Hieraaetus ayresii (Gurney), Uganda ; i ^, i $ from H. pennatus (Gmelin), Palestine. Sixteen <, 38 $ from Spilornis cheela albidus (Temminck), Raj- putana ; 2 $, i $ from Spilornis c. cheela (Latham), Nepal, 2 $, i $ from Spilornis c. burmanicus Swan, Thailand. Nine <, 7 $ from Polemaetus bellicosus (Daudin), Natal and Zoo. Five <, 16 $ from Melierax musicus poliopterus Cabanis, Kenya ; 11 c 5 ? from Melierax metabates subspp. from Aden, Morocco, SW. Africa, Portugese E. Africa. Degeeriella rima sp. n. Type host : Kaupifalco monogrammicus (Temminck) (Text-figs. 101, 123) This subspecies is distinguished from fulva by the head being narrower and more rounded anteriorly (Text-fig. 123), by the pleural thickening of at least some of the segments having the ventral outline rounded and in the male by having a definite lateral slit each side of the basal apodeme (Text-fig. 101). This last character should not be confused with a displacement of the lateral thickening of the basal apodeme at the usual slight interruption of this thickening, which may be found in any of the species. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Eleven <$, 8 $ from the type host from Uganda and N. Rhodesia. Holotype male and allotype female, slide No. 629 in the British Museum from Kaupifalco monogrammicus (Temminck) from Bunyoro, Uganda collected by W. J. Eggeling, 4.^.1940 and presented by G. H. E. Hopkins. Paratypes : 10 <, 7 $ from the same host species with data as given above. Measurements in mm. Male Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean Head (10) . . . 0-49-0-53 0-52 . 0-37-0-40 0-38 Prothorax (2) . 0-23-0-25 Pterothorax (2) . 0-38-0-40 Abdomen (2) . . 0-97-1-02 . 0-51-0-52 Total (2) . . . I-73-I-83 Genitalia (i) . .0-34 C.I. (10) . . . 0-72-0-77 0-74 Female Head (8) ... 0-53-0-59 0-57 . 0-40-0-45 0-42 C.I. (8) ... 0-735-0-775 0-76 . REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 151 Degeeriella africana sp. n. Type host : Stephanoaetus coronatus (Linn.) (PL 2, fig. i ; text-fig. 85) This form is distinguished from fulva by the shape of the head and marginal carina and the absence of a pleural seta on segment V. MALE. Head with inner dorsal edge of marginal carina indented medially, ventral suture reaches to anterior margin of head. Tergum II with median indentation, FIGS. 58-61. Male genitalia. 58-59. D. guimardesi. 58. Ventral. 59. Dorsal. 60-61. D. meinertzhageni. 60. Ventral. 61. Dorsal, da. dorsal endomeral arm. Ill with small median concavity of varying depth. Width of pleural thickening as vn. fulva, but that of segment VII has a smaller re-entrant head. Genitalia as in fulva, except that on the available material the sides of the basal apodeme appear to be straighter. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI as in fulva. Genital plate relatively broader in the anteroposterior line and subvulval sclerites shorter and blunter (Text-fig. 85) . CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. As in fulva except that tergocentral setae of III-V are normally 6, range 5-8, and there is no pleural seta each side of V. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Six <, 8 $ from Stephanoaetus coronatus (Linn.), Nairobi, Kenya, 5.^.1917 (skin in Nairobi Museum) collected by G. H. E. Hopkins. 152 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Holotype male and allotype female, slide no 624 in the British Museum (Natural History) from Stephanoaetus coronatus with data as given above, presented by Mr. G. H. E. Hopkins. Paratypes : 5 <$, 7 $ from the same host individual. Measurements in mm. Male (5) Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean Head .... 0-58-0-60 0-58 . 0-47-0-48 0-47 Prothorax ... . 0-28-0-33 '3 2 Pterothorax ... . 0-470-50 0-49 Abdomen . . . 1-20-1-33 I-2 5 0-60-0-67 ' 02 Total .... 2-12-2-31 2 -20 Genitalia (i) . .0-43 C.I. .... 0-79-0-82 0-80 Female Head (7) ... 0-60-0-63 0-62 . 0-48-0-52 0-50 Prothorax (8) . 0-31-0-35 0-33 Pterothorax (8) . . . 0-49-0-55 0-52 Abdomen (6) . . 1-22-1-50 i'37 0-63-0-70 0-67 Total (6) . . . 2-17-2-53 2-33 C.I. (7) ... 0-79-0-83 0-81 Degeeriella beaufacies Ansari, 1955 Type Host : Butastur teesa (Franklin) (PL 8, fig. 4 ; Text-figs. 2, 23, 43, 77) Degeeriella beaufacies Ansari, 1955. Proc. Vllth Pakistan Sci. Conf., Biol. : 43. Host : Butastur teesa. Degeeriella beaufacies Ansari, 1956. Indian Journ. Entom. 17 : 395 (1955). Host : Butastur teesa. It is being assumed that the specimens available from Butastur teesa are this species, although in the first reference the few words of description do not distinguish the species from any other Degeeriella, and the second reference, in which the species is also referred to as new, is even less informative. This species is distinguished from fulva by the form of the ventral suture, internal and external male genitalia and the nymphs. MALE. Shape of head similar to that of fulva, anterior margin varies from flattened to somewhat rounded ; ventral suture does not reach anterior margin of head ; marginal carinae of temples as in fulva. Tergites and pleurites as in fulva. Geni- talia differ from those of fulva in details of the mesosome (PI. 8, fig. 4, Text-fig. 43). Internal genitalia as in Text-fig. 2. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 153 FEMALE. Terga of segments IX-XI and genital region as in fulva, but inner genital sclerites somewhat narrower (Text-fig. 77). MEASUREMENTS. These fall within the range for specimens of D. fulva from Buteo species. The measurements given by Ansari for the types of beaufacies are markedly smaller. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. As in fulva but the total number of marginal setae on the last segment of the male varies from 11-17. O ne female has 2 tergocentral setae on the anterior margin of IX as in discocephalus. FIGS. 62-63. Male genitalia, ventral view of distal area. 62. D. phlyctopygus. 63. D. mookerjeei. NYMPHS. Third instar nymphs differ from those of fulva in having the preantennal region narrowed to a greater extent anteriorly and somewhat pointed (Text-fig. 23) . MATERIAL EXAMINED. Eighty-one <$, 65 $ from Butastur teesa from various locali- ties in India ; i <$ from Butastur liventer (Temminck) from Burma. Degeeriella carrikeri sp. n. Type host : Leucopternis polionota Kaup. (PI. 2, fig. 2, Text-figs. 27, 44, 86) This species is distinguished from fulva by the sculpturing of the dorsal surface of the head, pleural thickening and details of the male genitalia. MALE. Head similar to that of fulva, but flattened anteriorly with slight median concavity ; inner margin of marginal carina with median indentation ; dorsal ENTOM. 7, 4. 7 154 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA sculpturing more marked and forming semicircular patch near anterior margin of head ; ventral suture passes nearly to anterior margin and is broad anteriorly ; marginal carinae of temples as in fulva. Tergites as in fulva. Pleural thickening broader than in fulva, with ventral outline of segments III-VII and dorsal outline of segments V-VII convex. Genitalia differ from those of fulva in the shape of the basal apodeme and details of mesosome. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI and genital region as in fulva except for the shape of the subvulval sclerites (Text-fig. 86). CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. As in fulva except for the smaller number of tergo- central setae on segments II-V : II normally 4, range 3-5, III-V normally 6, range 4-7. In the male total number of marginal setae on last segment varies from 13-18. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Fifteen ^, n ? from Leucopternis polionota Kaup from S. Paulo, Brazil collected by S. Lima, November, 1949. Holotype male and allotype female in the collection of Dr. L. R. Guimaraes from Leucopternis polionota with the above data. Pamtypes : 14 <, 10 $ from the same host individual. Named in honour of Mr. M. A. Carriker. Measurements in mm. Male Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean Head (15) . . . 0-60-0 -62 0-61 . 0-46-0-49 0-47 Prothorax (10) . . . 0-31-0-35 0-33 Pterothorax (10) . . . 0-45-0-53 0-48 Abdomen ( I o) . . 1-13-1-27 1-19 . 0-58-0-65 0-60 Total ( i o) . . . 2-15-2-30 2-19 Genitalia (3) . . . 0-408-0-412 C.I. (15) . . . 0-770-0-795 0-786 Female Head (10) . . . 0-62-0-67 0-65 . 0-48-0-52 0-^51 C.I. (10) . . . 0-790-0-815 0-796 Degeeriella emersoni sp. n. Type host : Buteogallus gundlachii (Cabanis) (Text-figs. 28, 45, 78, 87) This species is distinguished from fulva by the form of the marginal carina, pleural thickening and male genitalia. MALE. Head with general outline as in fulva, but anterior margin of marginal carina flattened and slightly concave medially ; inner margin of marginal carina indented medially ; ventral suture reaches to or nearly to anterior margin of head ; marginal carinae of temples as in fulva. Abdominal tergites as in fulva. Pleural REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 155 thickening ventrally as in fulva, that is narrow with straight margin ; dorsal outline broader and curved. Genitalia similar to those of fulva, but differ in details of penial arms and endomeral plate. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI and genital region as in fulva ; genital plate and sub- vulval sclerites as in Text-figs. 78, 87. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae with range as in fulva, but segments II-V normally have 6-7 rarely 8. Pleural and sternal setae as in fulva. In the male the total number of marginal setae of the last segment varies from 11-15. Measurements fall within the range as given for specimens from Buteo lagopus (see table). MATERIAL EXAMINED. Twenty-three <, 34 $ from Buteogallus gundlachii Cabanis from Doce Legues, Cuba (collected by H. S. Peters). 4 <, 3 ? in rather poor condition from Parabuleo unicinctus (Temminck) seem to belong to this species. Holotype <$ and allotype $ in U.S. Bureau of Entomology, Washington from Buteo- gallus gundlachii with data as above. Paratypes : 22 <$, 33 $ from the same host individual. This species is named in honour of Dr. K. C. Emerson. Degeeriella nisus (Giebel) Specimens of Degeeriella have been seen from only nine species of Accipiter out of the 44 listed by Peters (1931), but even this small number shows more diversity in the populations from the different host species than in the case of the populations from Buteo. Four forms are here recognized and placed as subspecies of nisus, although when a greater amount of material is available from Accipiter it may be necessary to recognize some of the populations as species. For instance, haydocki and j 'rater are rather different from nisus and vagans and could perhaps be considered as specifically distinct. It should be noted that there tends to be some variation in the outline of the endomeral plate. Degeeriella nisus nisus (Giebel), 1866 Type host : Accipiter n. nisus (Linn.) (PL 3, fig. i ; PI. 8, fig. 5 ; Text-figs. 24, 29, 46, 88, no) Nirmus nisus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss. 28 : 364. Host : Astur nisus = Accipiter n. nisus (Linn.). This species is distinguished from fulva by the shape of the head, the form of the marginal carina, the pleural thickening and the details of the male genitalia and from fusca as given under that species. MALE. Inner edge of marginal carina straight or with slight median indentation ; small area of dorsal thickening immediately below marginal carina ; ventral suture does not reach to anterior margin of head (Text-fig, no). Marginal temporal carinae broad with many indentations. Terga II-III indented medially. Pleural 156 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA thickening broad with ventral outline convex. Genitalia similar to those of fulva but differ in detail (PL 8, fig. 5 ; Text-figs. 29, 46) ; there is some variation in the shape of the dorsal endomeral and penial arms. Internal genitalia, represented by one example in rather poor condition, appear to be the same as those of D. fulva from Buteo buteo. FEMALE. Abdominal terga of IX-X as in fulva. Genital region similar to that of fulva ; subvulval sclerites as in Text-fig. 88. 68^- 69 FIGS. 64-69. 64-67. D. phlyctopygus. 64. Male genitalia. 65. Pleural thickening of segment IV. 66. Male thoracic sternal plate. 67. Dorsal arms of endomeral plate. 68-69. D. mookerjeei. 68. Pleural thickening of segment IV. 69. Dorsal arms of endomeral plate. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II normally 4, range 3-5 ; III-VI normally 6, range 4-7, VIII range 4-6 ; X in the male with i seta each side (58 specimens examined), in the female 2 each side ; in the male total number of marginal setae, dorsal and ventral on last segment varies from 5-12. Pleural and sternal setae as in fulva. NYMPHS. Anterior margin of head of third instar rather less flattened than in adult (Text-fig. 24). MATERIAL EXAMINED. Sixty-six <, 113 $ from various subspecies of Accipiter nisus (Linn.) from the British Isles, Hungary, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan and REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 157 Pakistan. Two $, 4 $ from Accipiter striatus velox (Wilson) from British Columbia and U.S.A. are included under nisus nisus, although in the small number of specimens available the marginal temporal carinae are somewhat narrower. Neotype of Nirmus nisus Giebel : Male, slide no. 627, in the British Museum (Natural History) from Accipiter n. nisus (Linn.) from Kildare, Ireland, presented by Mr. G. H. E. Hopkins. Degeeriella nisus vagans (Giebel), 1874 Type host : Accipiter gentilis (Linn.) (PI. 3, ng. 2) Nirmus vagans Giebel, 1874. Insecta epizoa : 126. Host : Astur palumbarius = Accipiter gentilis (Linn.). This differs from the nominate form in the larger average size of both sexes, the shape of the head, the inner edge of the marginal carina, which is usually rather more indented medially, the narrower and less indented marginal carinae of the temples and the number of tergocentral setae. Tergocentral setae : II normally 6 (rarely 5 or 8, often 7) ; III-V normally 8 ; VI-VIII normally 6 ; thus in nisus the total number of tergocentral setae on segments III-V is 15-20, normally 18 and in vagans 22-26, normally 24. NYMPHS. Third instar nymphs with head similar to those of nisus nisus, but differ slightly reflecting the differences in the adult heads. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Forty-one <$, 44 $ from Accipiter gentilis (Linn.) from Germany, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Canada and Alaska. Fourteen <$, 48 $ from Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte) from United States of America and British Columbia are not separable from vagans. Neotype of Nirmus vagans (Giebel), 1874 : Male, slide no. 628 in the British Museum (Natural History) from Accipiter gentilis from Rheinfelden, Switzerland, 15. ii. 1943 presented by Mr. G. H. E. Hopkins. Measurements in mm. Male D. n. nisus Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean Head (50) . . . 0-45-0-52 0-49 . 0-33-0-39 0-36 Prothorax (10) . . . 0-22-0-25 0-23 Pterothorax (10) , . 0-33-0-38 0-36 Abdomen ( i o) . . 0-90-1-10 0-99 . 0-42-0-53 0-48 Total ( i o) . . . i -56-1 -87 1-72 Genitalia (2) . . 0-29-0-31 C.I. (50) . . . 0-73-0-79 0-76 . 158 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Head (12) . Pro thorax (10) Pterothorax (n] Abdomen (10) Total (10) . Genitalia (i) C.I. (12) . Head (10) . Pro thorax (10) Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . C.I. (10) . Head (12) . Prothorax (10) . Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . C.I. (12) . , Male D. n. vagans 0-52-0-56 0-54 1-05-1-17 i 83-2 oo 0-32 0-77-0-80 i -ii 1-94 0-79 Female D. n. nisus 0-52-0-57 0-54 1-13-1-36 1-91-2-23 0-73-0-78 1-27 2 -09 1-21-1-35 2-07-2-25 0-74-0-81 Female D. n. vagans 8 0-57 1-30 2-19 0-78 0-39-0-43 (30) 0-42 0-27-0-29 0-28 0-420-47 '44 o-55-o-59 0-57 0-37-0-42 (30) 0-40 0-22-0-27 0-26 o-37-o-43 0-41 0-45-0-58 0-54 0-42-0-46 (30) 0-45 0-28-0-32 0-30 0-47-0-49 0*48 0-57-0-63 0-62 Degeeriella nisus f rater (Piaget), 1880 Type host (emended) : Accipiter badius (Gmelin) (PI. 3, fig. 3 : Text-figs. 25, 31-32, 47) Nirmus frater Piaget, 1880. Pediculines : 145, pi. 12, fig. 2. Host : Lamprotornis amethystina. Error. Nirmus frater is represented in the Piaget collection by a single male labelled as from the original host with " Habesh " in brackets, perhaps Habesh in N. Syria. It has not been possible to separate specimens from Accipiter badius (African and Syrian birds, see below) from the type of frater (although exact comparison of the male genitalia is not possible) and it is presumed that this bird was the original host. This subspecies is distinguished from the nominate form by the shape of the head, by the slight concavity of the central part of the outer edge of the marginal carina, by the rather larger dorsal central thickening below the marginal carina, by the narrower and more curved penial arms and the shape of the endomeral plate. There is, however, some variation in this last character (Text-figs. 31-32). Tergum II does not have a narrow median indentation as is usual in nisus, but a shallow con- REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 159 cavity which is sometimes hardly visible ; tergum III and chaetotaxy of the abdomen as in nisus. NYMPHS. Second and third stage nymphs have been seen from A badius poliopsis and third stage from A. virgatus affinis, these resemble each other and differ from 76 FIGS. 70-79. 70-76. Female genital regions. 70. D. fulva from Aquila chyrsaetos. 71. D. hopkinsi, 72. D. d. discocephalus. 73. D. meinertzhageni. 74. D. guimardesi. 75. D. rufa. 76. D. elbeli. 77. Inner genital sclerite of D. beaufacies. 78-79. Female genital plates. 78. D. emersoni. 79. D. leucopleura. those of Degeeriella n. nisus and D. n. vagans in having the anterior margin of the head more pointed and a larger thickened area anteriorly. Specimens have been seen from subspecies of Accipiter badius from Syria, Somali- land, Uganda, Kenya, Nepal and Thailand. Those from the Thailand birds (^4. 160 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA badius poliopsis] tend to differ from those from the Syrian and African birds in having the outer edge of the marginal carina somewhat more concave medially and in having none or very few indentations in the inner edge of the marginal carina laterally. The specimens from Nepal resemble those from Thailand in the form of the anterior margin of the head and the African specimens in the lateral indentations of the, marginal carina. However, there are individuals from all these localities which are indistinguishable from each other ; it does not seem reasonable, therefore, to dis- guish taxonomically the populations from these different subspecies of Accipiter badius. There is also some variation in the shape of the dorsal endomeral arms. MATERIAL EXAMINED. One $ type of Nirmus frater ; males and females from Accipiter badius (Gmelin) from Syria (i <$, 3 $), from Africa (Uganda, Kenya, Somaliland, 14 <, 26 $), from Nepal (23 J, 27 $), from Burma (7 , 10 ?) and Thailand (9 <$, 14 $). Three J, 8 $ from Accipiter tachiro (Daudin) from Uganda and S. Africa. One <$, 4 ? from Accipiter virgatus affinis Hodgson from Thailand and 2 ^, 3 $ from A. virgatus gularis (Temminck & Schlegel) from Thailand. Ledotype of Nirmus frater Piaget : J (slide no. 1270) in the Piaget collection, British Museum (Natural History). Measurements in mm. Lectotype (g) of frater Length Breadth Head . . . 0-57 . 0-43 Prothorax . . . 0-29 Pterothorax . . . 0-47 Abdomen . . 1-18 . 0-58 Total . . . 2-03 Genitalia . . 0-33 C.I. ... Breadth of Head of Male Specimens from Accipiter badius East Africa (n) Nepal (22) Thailand (10) Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean 0-38-0-42 0-40 . 0-38-0-43 0-42 . 0-38-0-40 0-39 Degeeriella nisus haydocki subsp. n. Type host : Accipiter minullus (Daudin) (PI- 2, fig. 3) This form is separated from the other known subspecies of nisus with the exception of epustulata by having only four tergocentral setae on segments II-VIII. It is separated from this latter species by the size and shape of the head. It resembles frater in the characters of the anterior margin of the marginal carina ; in having a dorsal triangular-shaped thickening below the marginal carina, which is rather larger ; in the form of tergum II and in the shape of the penial arms. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 161 MATERIAL EXAMINED. Nine <$, u $ from Accipiter minullus (Daudin) from Gulu, Uganda and N. Rhodesia. Holotype male and allotype female, slide no 625 in the British Museum (Natural History), from Accipiter minullus, Mulashi, N. Rhodesia, 27. vi. 1955 collected by Major E. L. Haydock. Paratypes : 8 <$, 10 $ from the same host species with data as given above. Measurements in mm. Male Length Head (9) Pro thorax (7) Pterothorax (7) Abdomen (7) Total (7) Genitalia (2) . C.I. (9) Head (10) Prothorax (8) Pterothorax (8) Abdomen (8) Total (8) C.I. (10) Range Mean 0-49-0-53 0-50 0-95-1-05 0-97 1-71-1-83 1-75 0-325-0-330 0-69-0-73 0-71 Female o-53-o-57 0-55 1-17-1-27 2-OO-2 -IO o 68-0 74 I-2I 2-03 0-71 Breadth Range o-35-o-37 0-24-0-26 o-37-o-39 0-46-0-50 0-37-0-42 0-26-0-28 0-40-0-43 0-52-0-57 Mean 0-360 0-250 0-375 o-475 0-39 0-27 0-42 o-53 Degeeriellia nisus epustulata (Carriker), 1903 Type host : Accipiter bicolor (Vieillot) (Text-fig. 124) Nirmus fuscus epustulatus Carriker, 1903. Univ. Nebr. Stud. 3 : 133. Host : Accipiter bicolor. Through the kindness of Mr. Carriker it has been possible to examine a single female paratype of this form. It resembles haydocki in having only four tergal setae on each of segments III-VIII, but differs from this form in the shape of the head and the larger size. Measurements in mm. Female Head . Prothorax Pterothorax Abdomen Total Length 0-60 1-30 2-12 Breadth o-47 0-30 o-47 o-57 162 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Degeeriellafusca (Denny), 1842 Type host : Circus ae. aeruginosus (Linn.) (PI. 4, fig. 3 ; PI. 8, fig. 6 ; Text-figs. 3, 30, 48) Nirmus fuscus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 49, 118. Host : Circus rufus = Circus ae. aeruginosus (Linn.). Nirmus socialis Giebel, 1874. Insecta epizoa : 127. Hosts : Circus cineraceus = C. pyargus (Linn.), and C. aeruginosus (Linn. Nirmus aeruginosi Denny, 1852. List Brit. Animals in Brit. Mus., pt. n, Anoplura : 16. Nomen novum for Nirmus fuscus Denny. Kelerinirmus circi Boetticher & Eichler, 1954. Biol. Zbl. 73 : 215. Host : Circus aeruginosus (Linn.). Hopkins (1947 : 76) has discussed the confusion which has arisen over the author of this name and the type host and shown that Denny must be considered as the sole author with Circus ae. aeruginosus as the type host. This species resembles most nearly D. n. nisus from which it is distinguished by the colour pattern and details of the male genitalia. MALE. Dorsal surface of head with an area of lighter sclerotization between the anterior dorsal setae. Inner dorsal margin of marginal carina indented medially ; ventral suture as in nisus. Tergites II-III with median indentation ; central area of tergite II more strongly pigmented than lateral areas. Pleural thickening broad and strongly pigmented with dark inner line, contrasting with the rather lightly sclerotized terga ; this character is not so marked in specimens from Circus cyaneus. Genitalia similar to those offulva but differ in detail. Internal genitalia as shown in Text-fig. 3. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI and genital region as in fulva. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II normally 6, range 5-7 ; III-IV normally 8, range 6-9 ; V normally 7-8, range 5-8 ; VI-VII normally 6, range 5-8 ; VIII normally 6, range 4-6 ; X in the male has i seta each side (58 examined), in the female 2 each side ; total number of marginal setae on last segment varies from 6-12. Pleural and sternal setae as in fulva. NYMPHS. Third instar nymphs have been seen from two host species, Circus cyaneus and C. melanoleucus ; these have the anterior margin of the head more pointed than in the adult. HOST DISTRIBUTION. There appear to be no taxonomically recognizable differ- ences between the population from the five species of Circus listed below. Eleven specimens from one host individual of Circus melanoleucus average somewhat smaller (breadth of head : 0-40 mm.). Specimens from Circus cyaneus do not seem to have the colour pattern quite typical offusca, except for the darker central area of tergum II ; it is possible that these may prove to be a distinct subspecies, but fresh material from all hosts is needed. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Fifty-five <$, 81 from Circus aeruginosus (Linn.) from Czechoslovakia, Malta, Cyprus, Saudi Arabia, India, Ceylon, Cape Colony ; 13 $, 37 $ from Circus c. cyaneus (Linn.) from Orkneys, Hungary and Czechoslovakia ; REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 163 10 <$, 12 $ from Circus cyaneus hudsonius (Linn.) from British Columbia and various localities in the United States of America ; 55 $, 74 $ from Circus Pygargus (Linn.) from Cyprus and Kenya ; 16 $, 24 $ from Circus macrourus (S. G. Gmelin) from N. Africa, Saudi Arabia and Aden ; 10 $, 9 $ from Circus melanoleucus (Pennant) ^rfty FIGS. 80-95. 80-83. Female genital regions. 80-81. D. r. regalis, to show variation ; 80 from Milvus m. milvus and 81 from Milvus migrans aegyptius. 82. D. r. castanea. 83. D. punctifer. 84-95. Subvulval sclerites. 84. D. fulva from Aquila chrysaetos. 85. D. africana. 86. D. carrikeri. 87. D. emersoni. 88. D. n. nisus. 89. D. leucopleura. 90. D. elbeli. 91. D. elani. 92. D. tendeiroi. 93. D. meinertzhageni. 94. D. guima- rdesi. 95. D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus. from Assam and Thailand. In the Denny collection there are 7 $ labelled Nirmus fuscus by the person responsible for mounting this collection and who rarely kept Denny's original labels. These specimens have no host label, but three of the slides have a small circular (probably original) label with what appears to be " aeruginos ". This must refer either to aeruginosi, the new name given to fuscus by Denny in 1852 or to the name of the host, C. aeruginosus. The three females so labelled together 164 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA with one other are the species usually found on C. aeruginosus : two other females are D. r. regalis and presumably came from Milvus ictinus referred to by Denny (1842 : 119) and one other female is D. fulva and presumably came from Buteo lagopus also referred to by Denny. One of the females labelled " aeruginos " will be selected as lectotype of fusca. Lectotype : $, slide no. 350, in the Denny collection, British Museum (Natural History) ; paratypes, 3 $ in the same collection. Measurements in mm. Male Length Head (50) . Pro thorax (10) Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) Genitalia (2) . C.I. (50) Head . Prothorax Pterothorax Abdomen Total . C.I. Range Mean 0-51-0-57 o-54 i -08-1 -23 I -88-2 -12 1-98 0-32-0-35 0-75-0-81 0-78 Female (10) 0-57-0-60 0-58 1-31-1-40 2-22-2-42 0-75-0-80 1-36 2-28 0-78 Breadth Range 0-39-0-45 O' 25-0 -28 0-42 0-45 o 52-0 60 0-42-0-47 0-28-0-31 0-47-0-50 o 62-0 68 Mean 0-42 0-27 o-43 0-56 o-45 0-29 0-48 0-64 Degeeriella hopkinsi sp. n. Type host : Terathopius ecaudatus (Daudin) (PI. 4, fig. 2 ; Text-figs. 33, 49, 71) This species is distinguished from the rest of the fulva species group by the presence of a pleural seta on segment IV. MALE. Head broad and rounded anteriorly ; inner edge of marginal carina indented dorsally in mid-line ; ventral suture extends to or nearly to the anterior margin. Terga II-III indented ; pleural thickening narrow with re-entrant heads normal only on segment III, gradually becoming more and more reduced on the following segments. Genitalia similar to those of fulva but differ in detail (Text- n s - 33> 49)- There is some variation in the number and position of the setae associated with the ventral arms of the endomeral plate in the five males examined : two specimens had an extra seta each side anterior to the end of the arms, one had three setae on one arm and on the other one anterior to the arm and one on the arm, one specimen was normal and in one the setae could not be seen. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 165 FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI as in fulva. Genital region similar to fulva but genital plate narrower from side to side and the subvulval sclerites shorter with blunter ends (Text-fig. 71) ; there are fewer sensillae anterior to the vulval margin. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II, 6 ; III-V, 6-8 ; VI- VIII, 6 ; X in the male has 1-2 each side and in the female 2. Pleural and sternal setae as in fulva except that there is a pleural seta each side of IV. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Five <, n $ from Terathopius ecaudatus (Daudin) from Lodwar, Kenya, 7.^.1934 (skin in Nairobi Museum) collected by G. H. E. Hopkins. Holotype male and allotype female slide no. 623 in the British Museum (Natural History) from Terathopius ecaudatus with data as given above, presented by Mr. Hopkins. Paratypes : 4 <$, 10 $ from the same individual. Measurements in mm. Male Length Head (5) Pro thorax (5) Pterothorax (5) Abdomen (4) Total (4) Genitalia (i) . C.I. (5) Head (n) . Prothorax (7) Pterothorax (7) Abdomen (7) Total (7) C.I. (ii) Range I-I2-I-22 I-92-2-07 0-38 0-8I-0-85 Mean o-55 1-18 2-OO 0-82 Female o-53-o-59 0-57 1-18-1-28 1-25 2-07-2-17 2-13 0-82-0-85 0-83 Breadth Range 0-43-0-48 0-28-0-30 0-43-0-49 0-58-0-65 0-45-0-50 0-28-0-30 0-47-0-50 o 60-0 63 Mean o-45 0-28 0-47 0-62 0-47 0-28 0-48 0-62 Degeeriella leucopleura (Nitzsch), 1874 Type host : Circaetus cinerascens J. W. Muller (PI. 4, fig. i ; Text-figs. 34, 50, 79, 89) Nirmus leucopleurus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta epizoa : 129. Host : Falco brachy- dactylus = Circaetus cinerascens J. W. Muller. Nirmus temporalis Piaget, 1890. Tijdschr. Ent. 33 : 228. PL 8, fig. 6. Host : Buceros manil- lensis. Error. This is a distinctive species separated by the shape of the head, form of the pleural thickening and absence of pleural seta on V. MALE. Head broad with preantennal region rounded ; inner dorsal edge of marginal carina with slight median indentation ; ventral suture does not reach anterior margin. Abdomen elongated and with neither terga II nor III with a 1 66 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA definite median slit-like indentation although II may show a slight concavity. In spite of the elongated abdomen the pleural thickening does not have the strongly sclerotized re-entrant heads characteristic of this species group. Genitalia as shown in Text-figs. 34, 50. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI as in fulva. Posterior margin of genital plate deeply emarginate and subvulval sclerites stouter than in fulva (Text-figs. 79, 89). CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II normally 6, range 4-6 ; III-V normally 8, range 6-8 ; VI-VII normally 6, range 5-7 ; VII normally 4, range 3-4 ; X in the male with i each side, in female 2 each side. One female has 4 tergocentral setae on II and 6 on III-VII. Pleural setae : II-V, o ; VI-VII, FIGS. 96-98. Degeeriella phlyctopygus, female. 96. Genital region. 97. Subvulval sclerites. 98. Dorsal view of segments IX-XI. ig. inner genital sclerites ; os. opening of spermathecal tube ; sv. subvulval sclerite. 2 each side ; VIII, 3 ; in the male IX has 3 and X, o. In the female IX has 3 and X 2 each side. Sternocentral setae : II-VI normally 4, one male has 3 on VI and one female has 6 on V ; in the male the last segment does not have the usual spine- like seta each side and the second seta therefore, if present, is not distinguishable from the marginal setae which total from 10-15. NYMPHS. Second and third instars have the curvature of the anterior margin of the head similar to that of the adult ; the preantennal region is shorter and the sides less straight, as is usual in nymphs. Nirmus temporalis Piaget said to have come from Buceros manillensis is represented in the Piaget collection by a single male which appears to be the same as D. leucopleura and is presumably a straggler from Circaetus. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Four <$, 2 $ from Circaetus cinerascens J. W. Muller from Kapenguria, Kenya and I <$ from the same host species from E. Africa (skin) ; 7 <$, ii $ from Circaetus gallicus (Gmelin) from France, Czechoslovakia, Egypt (skin) and Cameroons (skin) ; i <, i ? from Circaetus cinereus Vieillot from Portuguese Guinea. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 167 Lectotype of Nirmus temporalis Piaget : <$ in the British Museum (Natural History), slide no. 1421. Neotype of Degeeriella leucopleura (Nitzsch) : <$ in the Meinertzhagen collection, British Museum (Natural History), slide no. 20568 from Circaetus cinerascens from Kapenguria, Kenya, March 1956. Measurements in mm. Male Length Breadth Head (5) Prothorax (5) Pterothorax (5) Abdomen (3) Total (3) Genitalia (i) . C.I. (5) Head (2) Prothorax (2) Pterothorax (2) Abdomen (i) Total (i) C.I. (2) Range Mean o 65-0 -67 o 66 Range 1-32-1-43 2-33-2-45 o-43 0-79-0-81 1-38 2-39 0-80 Female o 68-0 69 0-32-0-33 o-50-o-55 o 65-0 68 Mean 0-52 o-33 0-52 0-67 (5) i -40 2-43 o 77-0 78 o-35 o-53-o-55 0-67 The discocephalus Species Group i. Head index greater than 0-94. 2-3. As in fulva group. 4. Thoracic sternal plate as in Text-fig. 119. 5. Thorax and abdomen with shape as in PI. 9, fig. i. 6-7. As in fulva group. 8. Pleural thickening without well sclerotized re-entrant heads. 9. Sternite II in form of central triangular plate, III-VI narrow central strips of sclerotization. 10. Male genital plate small and irregular and less indented laterally than in fulva group. 11-13. As in fulva group. 14. Setae each side of posterodorsal margin of pterothorax variable in number and position. 15. Pleural setae absent on segments II-III. 16. Sternocentral setae of segments III-VI variable. 17. As in fulva group. This species group is distinguished from the fulva group by the shape of head and abdomen ; from the punctifer group by the absence of head sutures and chaetotaxy of the temples, and in the females by the dorsal chaetotaxy of tergum IX and in the male by the characters of the male genitalia. i68 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Degeeriella discocephalus discocephalus (Burmeister), 1838 Type host : Haliaeetus albicilla (Linn.) (PI. 9, fig. i ; Text figs. 35, 51, 72, 106, 119) Nirmus discocephalus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. 1 : 430. Host : Aquil. albicilla = Haliaeetus albicilla (Linn.). Nirmus discocephalus var. amblys Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (2), 6 : 499, pi. 67, fig. 6. Host : Haliaeeetus leucocephalus (Linn.). The specimens used by Burmeister for his description of this species were figured by Nitzsch in Giebel, 1874 (pi. 7, fig. 10) and represent the species described below. MALE. Marginal carina thick and entire ; ventral suture reaches to or nearly to inner margin of marginal carina. Thoracic sternal plate as in Text-fig. 119, but shows some variation in outline ; posterodorsal marginal setae of pterothorax variable in number and position, 4-6 each side (omitting the lateral spine-like seta and the seta with sunken alveolus). Tergum II with median unsclerotized area, tergum III somewhat narrowed medially. Genitalia of fulva type ; dorsal endomeral arms may or may not join basal apodeme. FEMALE. This species differs from all other known Degeeriella in having two (occasionally one) setae in the middle of the anterior region of tergite IX ; these setae are occasionally found as an abnormality in species of the fulva group. The subvulval sclerites are small and indistinct and almost covered by the vulva (Text- fig. 72). CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Tergocentral setae : II range 6-8 ; III-V, normally 8, range 6-9 ; range 6-8 ; VII- VIII normally 6, range 6-7 ; X in the male normally 2 each side, range 2-4 ; in the female IX has 2 (rarely i) anterior setae ; X has 2 each side. Pleural setae ; II-III, o ; IV-V, i each side ; VI-VII, 2 (occasionally i or 3 on one side) ; VIII, 3 ; IX, 2 ; X in the male has o and in the female 2. Sternocentral setae irregular in number : II, 4-7 ; III-IV, 5-8 ; V, 5-7 ; VI, 4-7 ; total number of setae of segments II-VI of specimens counted varied from 24-34 ; in the male the last pair of sternal setae are both elongated. Total number of marginal setae of last segment in male varies from 12-16. NYMPH. One third instar from Haliaeetus albicilla has been seen, this resembles the adult in the shape of the head. MATERIAL EXAMINED. Fourteen <$, 12 $ from Haliaeetus albicilla (Linn.) from Germany, Czechoslovakia, Finland and Russia ; 2 J, 5 $ from Haliaeetus pelagicus (Pallas) from Siberia ; 7 <$, 3 $ from Haliaeetus I. leucocephalus (Linn.) from various localities in N. America. There appear to be no constant characters on which the population (i.e. D. amblys (Kellogg)) found on this latter host can be separated from discocephalus. Neotype of Nirmus discocephalus Burmeister : <$ in the British Museum (Natural History), slide no. 617 from Haliaeetus albicilla from Samorin, Czechoslovakia, 9.xii.i952. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 169 xi 100 103 104 106 107 108 FIGS. 99-108. 99. Male antenna, D. mookerjeei. 100. D. guimardesi, terminal segments of male abdomen. 101. D. rima, basal apodeme (lateral slits somewhat exaggerated). 102-103. Male genital plates. 102. D.fulva iromAquila chrysaetos. 103. D. punctifer. 104. D. rufa from Falco tinnunculus, pleural thickening of segment IV, ventral. 105-108. Segments IX-XI of female abdomens, dorsal. 105. D. fulva from Aquila chrysaetos. 106. D. d. discocephalus. 107. D. rufa from F. tinnunculus. 1 08. D. punctifer. ENTOM. 7, 4. i 7 o REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Measurements in mm. Male Length Range Mean Range Head (n) . . . 0-44-0-47 0-46 . 0-42-0-47 0-45 Prothorax (6) . 0-25-0-28 0-27 Pterothorax (8) . '35-'43 0-40 Abdomen (7) . . 0-70-0-87 0-77 . 0-52-0-68 (8) 0-61 Total (7) . . . i -37-1 -53 1-45 Genitalia (3) . . . 0-42-0-44 C.I. (u) . . . 0-96-1-00 0-98 Female Head (7) . . . 0-50-0-53 0-51 . 0-50-0-53 0-52 Prothorax (6) . 0-28-0-33 0-31 Pterothorax (6) . 0-45-0-49 0-46 Abdomen (6) . . 0-97-1-13 1-05 . 0-68-0-77 0-73 Total (6) . . . 1-17-1-95 1-83 C.I. (7) . . . 1-00-1-03 I>01 Degeeriella discocephalus aquilarum Eichler, 1943 Type host : Aquila n. nipalensis (Hodgson) (PI. 9, %. 2) Degeeriella aquilarum Eichler, 1943. Zool. Anz. 142 : 92, fig. i. Host : Aquila n. nipalensis (Hodgson) . This subspecies is close to the nominate form, from which it can be separated by the shape of the anterior margin of the head, the slightly better developed pleural thickening, especially on segment III and the fewer number of tergo- and sternocentral setae as follows : Tergocentral II-VIII Sternocentral II-VI ^ . A Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum D. d. discocephalus . 52 48 '. 34 24 D. d aquilarum 42 38 . 22 18 (i ? with 31) SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Nine ^, 8 $ from Aquila n. nipalensis Hodgson from Somaliland ; i <$, i $ from Aquila nipalensis orientalis Cabanis, no data ; 4 <$, 4 $ from Aquila chrysaetos (Linn.) from Norway and Serbia ; i <$, 2 $ from Aquila pomarina hastata (Lesson) from Rajputana, India and Manipur ; 8 <, 4 $ from Aquila rapax raptor A. E. Brehm from Somaliland ; 4 J, 3 $ from Aquila h. heliaca Savigny from Czechoslovakia, Egypt and Rajputana, India ; i $ from Aquila clanga Pallas from Russia. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 171 There appear to be no constant differences between the populations from these species of Aquila, although no doubt there will be found some differences in average sizes when larger numbers are available. Measurements in mm. Specimens from Aquila n. nipalensis Male (9) Length Breadth Range Mean Range Mean Head .... 0-44-0-47 0-45 . 0-43-0-47 0-45 Prothorax ... . 0-25-0-27 0-26 Pterothorax ... . 0-38-0-42 0-40 Abdomen . . . 0-81-0-93 0-89 . 0-55-0-67 0-62 Total .... 1-45-1-63 1-56 C.I. .... 0-96-1-02 0-99 The elani Species Group 1-5. As in fulva group. 6. As in fulva group : elbeli and tendeiroi. Tergal plates of segment XI apparent in male : elani, meinertzhageni, guimaraesi. 7. As in fulva group : elbeli, tendeiroi and guimaraesi. As in rufa group : elani and meinertzhageni. 8-9. As in fulva group. 10. As in fulva group : elbeli. Male genital plate laterally indented to a greater extent : elani, tendeiroi, meinertzhageni and guimaraesi. n. As in fulva group : elbeli, elani, tendeiroi, meinertzhageni. Female genital plate with median prolongation : guimaraesi. 12. As in fulva group : elbeli, elani, tendeiroi. Inner genital sclerites fused : meinertzhageni and guimaraesi. 13. As in fulva group : elbeli, elani, tendeiroi. Distinctive types : meinertzhageni and guimaraesi. 14. As in fulva group. 15. Pleural setae absent on segments II-IV : elbeli. Pleural setae absent on segments II-V : elani, tendeiroi, meinertzhageni, guimaraesi. 16-17. As i n fulva group. It is apparent that these five species do not form a very homogeneous group and are here placed together mainly on the form of the ventral carinae which show a greater development anteriorly than those of any other species groups ; this character is more marked in meinertzhageni and guimaraesi than in the others. Apart from this character elbeli and perhaps tendeiroi could be included in the fulva group ; the rest of the species share some rather distinctive characters ; guimaraesi has certain characters found elsewhere only in rufa. It is possible that these five species do not, in fact, form a related group. 172 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Degeeriella elbeli Clay, 1958 Type Host : Aviceda leuphotes burmana (W. L. Sclater) (PL 7, figs. 3, 6 ; Text-figs. 52, 76, 90) Degeeriella elbeli Clay, 1958. Proc. R. ent. Soc. Land. (B) 27 : 6, PI. i, figs. 3, 6 ; Text-figs. 3, 9, 14, 17. Host : Aviceda leuphates burmana (W. L. Sclater). This species is distinguished from the rest of the species group by the presence of pleural setae on segment V, by the shape of the head and the male genitalia. It is separated from members of ihefulva group, which it resembles in many characters, by the greater development of the ventral carinae anteriorly, and by a combination 119 120 122 FIGS. 109-122. 109-111. Central anterior margin of head. 109. D. fulva from Buteo lagopus. no. D. n. nisus. in. D. rufa. 112-122. Thoracic sternal plates. 112- 118. D. fulva (cJ from Haliaeetus leucoryphus (Pallas) from various localities in India. Neotype of Nirmus regalis Giebel : from the type host from Piche, Gabu and Mansoa in Portugese Guinea. Measurements in mm. D. r. regalis from Milvus milvus. Male Length Breadth Head (10) . Prothorax (10) Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . Genitalia (i) C.I. (10) . Head (10) . Prothorax (10) . Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . C.I. (10) . Range 0-52-0-58 1-05-1-23 1-87-2-17 0-40 o 74-0 78 Mean o-55 2-02 0-76 Range Mean 0-38-0-43 (18) 0-26-0-28 0-40 0-28 0-43-0-49 0-52-0-63 0-46 o-57 Female 0-57-0-60 0-58 1-37-1-48 2-25-2-43 o 74-0 80 1-41 2-33 0-77 0-41-0-46 (l2) 0-44 0-28-0-30 0-29 o 490 - 5 3 0-51 o 60-0 -70 0-65 Degeeriella r. deignani Male head Thailand (5) Ceylon (5) Length Breadth Range o 57-0 60 0-42-0-45 Mean 0-58 o-43 Range 0-57-0-58 0-41-0-43 Mean o-57 0-42 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Head (15) . Prothorax (10) . Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . Genitalia (3) C.I. (15) - Degeeriella v. castanea Male Length Range o 55-0 60 1-17-1-32 2-05-2-25 0-41-0-42 o 74-0 76 Mean o-57 1-24 2-14 o-75 Breadth Range 0-41-0-45 0-27-0-32 o 42-0 50 o 52-0 67 Mean o-43 0-29 0-47 o-59 Head (27) . Prothorax (10) Pterothorax (10) Abdomen (10) Total (10) . C.I. (27) . Female 0-57-0-65 0-61 i -50-1 -60 2-47-2-57 o 74-0 79 1-52 2-49 0-76 0-43-0-49 0-29-0-33 0-51-0-54 o 62-0 69 0-46 0-32 0-52 0-67 Degeeriella r. subsp. (from Tendeiro, in press) Male (2) Length Breadth Head 0-57-0-58 0-460-47 Prothorax o-34 Pterothorax 0-48-0-49 Abdomen I -2O-I -23 o-55 Total 2-I6-2-I8 C.I. 0-81 . Female (5) Length 0-61 0-80-0-82 Breadth 0-49-0-50 The phlyctopygus Species Group 1-12. As in fulva group. 13. Male genitalia of distinctive type ; penial sclerite present. 14. As in fulva group. 15. As in regalis group. 16. Sternocentral setae of segments III-VI normally more than 4. 17. As in fulva group. This species group, which has only two known species, is distinguished from all other groups by the form of the male genitalia ; in the characters of the chaetotaxy of the abdomen it resembles the regalis group. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA 193 Degeeriella phlyctopygus (Nitzsch), 1861 Type Host : Pernis a. apivorus (Linn.) (PI. 8, fig. i ; Text-figs. 62, 64-67, 96-98) Nirmus phlyctopygus Nitzsch, 1861. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss. 17 : 526. Host : Pernis apivorus. This species (redescribed by Clay, 19570) is distinguished from D. mookerjeei the only other species in the species group, by the antennae and the genitalia in the male and by the shape of the head in the female. MALE. Anterior margin of head slightly concave, inner margin of dorsal marginal carina slightly indented medially ; ventral suture does not reach anterior margin of head. Tergite II only with definite median indentation. Pleural thickening of segments III-VI with well-developed re-entrant heads (Text-fig. 65) . The genitalia (Text-fig. 62) are unlike any other known species of Degeeriella except those of D. mookerjeei. FEMALE. Terga of IX-XI and genital region as in Text-figs. 96-98. CHAETOTAXY OF ABDOMEN. Male. Tergocentral setae : II, 5-6 ; III-V, 8 : VI, 7 ; VII, 6 ; VIII, 6-7 ; X, 1-2 each side. Pleural setae : II-III, o ; IV-V, i each side ; VI-VII, 2 ; VIII, 3 ; IX, 3-5 ; X-XI, o. Sternocentral : II, 5-6 ; III, 6-7 ; IV-V, 6 ; VI, 5-6. Total number of marginal setae, dorsal and ventral, of last segment (i specimen) : 13. In the female tergocentral setae : II normally 6, range 5-7 ; III-V normally 8, range 7-8 ; VI range 6-8 ; VII-VIII normally 6, range 5-6 ; X, 2 each side. Pleural setae : II-VIII as in male ; IX normally 3 each side, range 3-5 ; X normally 3, range 2-3. Sternocentral setae : II normally 6, range 4-6 ; III-IV normally 6, range 6-7 ; V normally 6, range 5-6 ; VI range 4-6 ; VII-XI as in Text-fig. 96. MATERIAL EXAMINED. < neotype and 2 Milvus lineatus J X Haliastur Indus . Subfamily ACCIPITRINAE X A ccipiter nisus "\ Accipiter striatusf X A ccipiter gentilis\ A ccipiter cooperii J A ccipiter badius ~\ A ccipiter tachiro > Accipiter virgatus J X A ccipiter minullus X Accipiter bicolor . Melierax musicus Melierax metabates Melierax gabar . Geranoaetus melanoleucus' Buteo rufinus Buteo rufofuscus Buteo hemilasius Buteo regalis Buteo jamaicensis HOST-LIST FALCONIFORMES . Degeeriella species No Degeeriella. No Degeeriella. Species group Page No. { elani meinertzhageni guimardesi elbeli phlyctopygus mookerjeei r. regalis xr. deignani msus msus nisus vagans nisus frater nisus haydocki nisus epustulata fulva + M + fulva r. regalis elani phlyctopygus regalis fulva Buteo harlani Buteo lineatus Buteo buteo Buteo vulpinus Buteo burmanicus Buteo lagopus Buteo swainsoni . Buteo galapagoensis ..,,,,. * Genera and species from which no Degeeriella have been seen are not X Type host, + or subspecies. ENTOM. 7, 4. fulva regalis regalis regalis fulva regalis included. 174 176 177 172 193 194 186 190 155 157 158 1 60 161 149 149 149 144 186 144 186 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGA GENERA Host* Parabuteo unicinctus X Leucopternis polionota X Kaupifalco monogrammicus X Butastur teesa Hypomorphnus urubitinga X Biiteogallus gundlachii Lophaetus occipitalis X Stephanoaetus coronatus Polemaetus bellicosus Hieraaetus ayresii xAquila chrysaetos Aquila heliaca Aquila rapax X Aquila nipalensis Aquila clanga Aquila pomarina Aquila verreauxii Aquila wahlbergi xHaliaeetus vocifer Haliaeetus pelagicus Haliaeetus leucoryphus Haliaeetus leucocephalus X Haliaeetus albicilla Icthyophaga ichthyaetus Subfamily AEGYPIINAE X Gyps himalayensis X Gypohierax angolensis . X Gypaetus barbatus Subfamily CIRCINAE Circus cyaneus . Circus macrourus Circus pygargus . Circus melanoleucus X Circus aeruginosus Subfamily CIRCAETINAE X Terathopius ecaudatus . Circaetus gallicus Circaetus gallicus Circaetus cinereus X Circaetus cinerascens . Spilornis cheela . Family FALCONIDAE Subfamily POLIHIERACINAE Neohierax insignis X Gampsonyx swainsonii Degeeriella species Species group Page No. emersoni fulva 154 carrikeri fulva 153 nicus . rima ,, 150 beaufacies ,, 152 nga . ? 149 emersoni ,, 154 . . fulva-\- ,, 149 '.s . africana I5 1 fulva+ - 149 . . fulva + . 149 C fulva ,, 144 . < discocephalus discocephalus 170 [_ aquilarum f fulva fulva 144 ' "\ d. aquilarum discocephalus . J fulva . ' "Y d. aquilarum discocephalus f fulva fulva ' \ d. aquilarum discocephalus j fulva fulva . ' \ d. aquilarum discocephalus fulva fulva r. castanea regalis 190 d. discocephalus discocephalus 168 t . regalis + regalis MS . d. discocephalus discocephalus 168 fulva+ ? gypsivorum r. subsp. punctifer fusca hopkinsi leucopleura leucopleura fulva punctifer regalis punctifer fulva (Host record needs confirmation) tenderoi rufa elani 149 197 191 196 162 164 165 149 77 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGO GENERA Host* Subfamily FALCONINAE Falco biarmicus . . Falco cherrug . . Falco mexicanus Falco jugger . , Falco rusticolus . Falco peregrinus Falco subbuteo . . Falco cuvierii . . Falco eleonorae . Falco concolor Falco hypoleucos Falco fuscocaerulescens Falco columbarius Falco ardosiaceus . Falco vespertinus . Falco amurensis . Falco naumanni X Falco tinnunculus , Falco alopex . . X Falco sparverius . leracidea orientalis Degeeriella species Species group rufa . rufa 203 Page No. 180 rufa rufa rufa r. carruthi rufa 185 HOST RELATIONSHIPS It seems that the relationships of many of the Falconiformes are still the subject of considerable differences of opinion amongst ornithologists (Clay, 1957 : 146), and for this reason any evidence from the distribution of the parasites should be considered. However, as far as Degeeriella is concerned much of the evidence is difficult to interpret and only tentative suggestions of the relationship of the hosts can be made. Among the reasons for this are the following : (i) The rather close simi- larity of most of the species of Degeeriella, and the difficulty of judging the significance of the small character differences in relation to the time of separation of the popu- lations and thus of their hosts. (2) The difficulty of knowing which of the species groups are the most primitive. It is not yet possible to describe with any certainty the form of the primitive mallophagen head. The different genera of Ischnocera usually resemble each other in the characters of the anterior margin of the head to a greater extent in the nymph than in the adult and as both nymph and adult live in the same environment, it can be presumed that the head with the complete anterior margin (as found in the majority of nymphs) is the more primitive. It is more difficult to decide whether the primitive Ischnocera had the complete semi- circular central carina or the interrupted carina, with the two carinae passing to the anterior margin of the head. In Degeeriella the ventral carina is interrupted, but the two carinae are poorly developed anteriorly, except in the elani group and the nymphs of D. rufa. The nymph of rufa also has a dorsal preantennal suture delineating a semicircular dorsal anterior plate. It is not impossible, 204 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGO GENERA therefore, that the characters of the head of the fulva and discocephalus groups are secondary, even secondarily approaching the primitive condition, if the primitive Ischnoceran Mallophaga is presumed to have this type of head. Or alternatively, the species of the elani group are derived from a discocephalus type, but then it must be postulated that rufa shows a more primitive con- dition of the head in the adult than in the nymph. (3) The difficulty of dis- tinguishing between primary and secondary absences of the species of Degeeriella. Was the discocephalus type evolved on a common ancestor of Aquila and Haliaeetus after this became separated from other hawks? This would suggest a close relationship between these genera. Or did it once have a widespread distribution later becoming extinct except on these hawks? From the resemblance, perhaps of no significance, between the heads of the nymphs of fulva and the adults of discocephalus it is possible that these species were derived relatively recently from a common ancestor, suggesting an originally wider distribution for disco- cephalus. It is possible that some of the differences between the mallophagan faunas such as those of Buteo galapagoensis and B. swainsoni and the rest of Buteo is due to the extinction of a different member of an original sympatric pair (Clay, 1949 : 296). The fulva, regalis, and discocephalus types may all have been found on the ancestral Accipitridae and since become extinct on some or other of the present members of the family. However, even this may indicate relationships ; for instance the fact thai fulva is not found on any of the genera included in the Milvinae suggests that it had already become extinct (if ever present) on an ancestral stock which gave rise to these genera and thus confirms their relationships. As an indication of the relationships of the Falconiformes as accepted by at least some ornithologists the arrangement in Peters (1931) has been followed. On pp. 202-3 above is a list of hosts (arranged according to Peters) and their known species of Degeeriella together with the species groups to which these belong. It can be seen from this list that in general the distribution follows that of the arrangement of their hosts, but with some notable exceptions. The relationships between species of Degeeriella which seem to throw some light on the relationships of their hosts are discussed in the following paragraphs. 1. The Degeeriella from Elanus, Chelictinia, Elanoides and possibly Aviceda form a related group, with those from Chelictinia and Elanoides probably being the most nearly related. The species from Gamsonyx, and also possibly Falco and leracidea, all belonging to the family Falconidae, should perhaps be included in this group (Clay, 1958 : 2). The Degeeriella species from Pernis (a genus placed in the Per- ninae with Elanoides and Aviceda) are quite distinct and perhaps show affinities with those from the Milvinae. 2. The Milvinae are parasitized by a distinctive species of Degeeriella ; the suppo- sition that this may be a relic of a sympatric pair has already been mentioned, and it is therefore possible that the Milvinae are in fact rather more nearly related to the Accipitrinae than their Degeeriella suggest. 3. The Degeeriella of the Accipitrinae suggest a fairly close relationship between the members of this subfamily, especially between Aquila and Buteo ; further that there is little difference between this subfamily and the Circinae, and that Terathopius REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGO GENERA 205 and Circaetus (but not Spilornis) of the subfamily Circaetinae are similar but rather more distinct. Buteo galapagoensis , B. swainsoni, Haliaeetus vocifer and H. leucoryphus have the same species as found on Milvus (see above). Aquila and Haliaeetus have a second species discocephalus, the resemblance of the nymphs of fulva to the adults of this species has already been mentioned and perhaps confirms the close relationship of Buteo and Aquila which is suggested by both being parasitized by fulva. 4. Few Degeeriella species are known from the Aegypiinae : Gypaetus has a distinctive species (punctifer) not closely related to any other except gypsivorum from Gyps himalayensis. This would suggest that Gypaetus and Gyps are wrongly placed between the Accipitrinae and the Circinae. Boetticher & Eichler (1954) considered that the Degeeriella species found on Aquila and Gypaetus showed a relationship between these hosts, but this was based on the erroneous assumption that discocephalus and punctifer were closely related, but the two species resemble each other only in shape. The Degeeriella of Gypohierax is a subspecies of regalis, rather near that of Haliaeetus vocifer, this suggests if no secondary infestation has taken place, that Gypohierax is wrongly placed in the Aegypiinae. 5. It seems doubtful whether the genera included in the Falconidae do in fact, form a related group. As already shown the Degeeriella from Gampsonyx and possibly also Neohierax, Falco and leracidea show a relationship to those on some of the genera included in the Elaninae and Perninae. The subfamily Polyborinae do not have any species of Degeeriella sens. sir. but are parasitized by a species of the closely related genus Acutifrons. The parasites of Microhierax and of Polihierax, belonging to the Polihieracinae, do not belong to Degeeriella and have been dealt with elsewhere (Clay, 1955). A detailed study of the other genera of Mallophaga living on the Falconiformes may give some further indications of the relationships of their hosts. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to a large number of people for the presentation and loan of material ; these include F. Balat, M. A. Carriker, R. Elbel, K. C. Emerson, L. Guimaraes, G. H. E. Hopkins, S. von Keler, R. Meinertzhagen, J. Tendeiro and the U.S. National Museum. I am also much indebted to Mr. G. H. E. Hopkins for advice and criti- cisms on various points and to Dr. Joao Tendeiro for much helpful co-operation. I am also grateful to the Zoological Society, Calcutta, and the Royal Entomological Society for permission to publish certain text-figures and plates which have appeared in their journals. SUMMARY The characters and distribution of the Degeeriella-complex are discussed. Degeeriella sens, str., as found on the Falconiformes, is described. Variations and artefacts, characters of taxonomic importance and the concept of the subspecies in this group are considered. A systematic survey of all known species is given followed by a key and notes on names of which the correct interpretation is doubtful. 206 REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGO GENERA Finally some suggestions are made on possible relationships within the Falconiformes based on the distribution of the Mallophaga. REFERENCES BLAGOVESHTCHENSKY, D. I. 1956. [The structure and systematic significance of the sexual systems of the Mallophaga.] Parasitol. Shorn, zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Leningrad 16 : 5-88. BOETTICHER, H. VON & EiCHLER, W. IQ54- Parasitophyletische Studien zur Ornitho- systematik. II. Die Verteilung der Degeeriellidae und Falcolipeuridae bei den Accipitres. Biol. Zbl. 73 : 212-221. BROWN, W. L. & WILSON, E. O. 1956. Character displacement. Syst. Zool. 5 : 49-64. CARRIKER, M. A. 1956. Neotropical Mallophaga Miscellany, No. 9. Rev. Brasil. Ent. 5 : 111-146. 1957- Notes on some of the Kellogg types of Mallophaga. Microentomology, 22 : 95-110. CLAY, T. 1949. Some problems in the evolution of a group of ectoparasites. Evolution, 3 : 279-299. 1951. An introduction to a classification of the Avian Ischnocera (Mallophaga). Trans. R. ent. Soc. Land. 102 : 171-194. 1953. Revisions of the Genera of Mallophaga. I. The .ffa/fo'eo/a-complex. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 123 : 563-587. 1955- Revisions of the genera of Mallophaga. Colilipeurus and a new genus. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 107 : 169-186. 1956. Phthiraptera. In Tuxen, Taxonomist's Glossary of Genitalia in Insects : 145-148. Copenhagen. 19570. Degeeriella parasitic on Pernis. Proc. zool. Soc. Calcutta, Mookerjee Memor. vol. : 339-347- 19576. The Mallophaga of Birds. In First Symposium on Host Specificity among Para- sites of Vertebrates, Neuchatel : 120-154. 1958. Three new species of Degeeriella from the Falconiformes. Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 27 : 1-7. CLAY, T. & HOPKINS, G. H. E. 1954. Tne early literature on Mallophaga. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.} Entom. 3 : 223-266. 1955- Notes on the Rudow Collection of Mallophaga at Hamburg. Mitt. Hamburg Zool. Mus. Inst. 53 : 49-73. DOBZHANSKY, TH. 1951. Genetics and the origin of species, 3rd ed. Columbia University Press, New York. EICHLER, W. 19410. Uber die Mallophagen von Lammergeier und Himalayageier. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 83 : 178-181. 19416. Zur Klassifikation der Lauskerfe. Arch. Naturgesch., Leipzig (N.F.) B. 10 : 345-398. HOPKINS, G. H. E. 1947. Notes on Mallophagen Nomenclature. II. Entomologist, 80 : 73-79- 1949. Host-associations of the lice of mammals. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 119 : 387-604. JORDAN, K. 1896. On mechanical selection and other problems. Novit. zool. 3 : 426-525. KELER, VON S. 1939. Baustoffe zu einer Monographic der Mallophagen. II. Uberfamilie Nirmoidea. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol. (N.F.), 8 : 1-254. MAYR, E. 1951. Speciation in birds. Proc. Xth Intern. Ornith. Congress, 1950 : 91-131. MAYR, E., LINSLEY, E. G. & USINGER, R. L. 1953. Methods and Principles of Systematic Zoology. New York. NEUMANN, L. G. 1922. Mallophages. In Voyage de M. le Baron de Rothschild en Ethiopie et en Afrique Orientale Anglaise, 1904-05. Resultats scientifiques, Animaux articules, 1 : 22-240. REVISIONS OF MALLOPHAGO GENERA 207 PETERS, J. L. 1931. Check-list of Birds of World. Cambridge, U.S.A. SCHMUTZ, W. 1955. Zur Konstruktionsmorphologie des mannlichen Geschlechtsapparates der Mallophagan. Zoll. Jb. (Anatomie), 74 : 189-338. STRINDBERG, H. 1918. Typstudien uber die Geschlectsorgane einiger Mallophagengattungen. Z. wissZool. 117 : 591-653. TENDEIRO, J. 1955. Estudos sobre uma colec9io de Malofagos de Aves. Bol. cult. Guine Portuguesa (1954). 9 (35) : 497~ 62 5- TJONNELAND, A. 1955- A comparison of the variation coefficients of some measurements of Degeeriella aquilarum Eichler (Mallophaga) . Naturvitenskapelig rekke, 10 Univ. Bergen : 4-9. WATERSTON, J. 1928. Mallophaga of the Sand-grouse. Proc. zool. Soc. Land. : 333-356. PLATE i FIGS. 1-7. Degeeriella fulva (<$($} from various hosts : FIG. i. Aquila chrysaetos. FIG. 2. Buteo lagopus. FIGS. 3-4. Aquila wahlbergi. FIG. 5. Buteo buteo. FIG. 6. Buteo harlani. FIG. 7. Buteo jamaicensis. PLATE 2 FIG. i. Degeeriella africana. FIG. 2. Degeeriella carrikeri. FIG. 3. Degeeriella n. haydocki. PLATE 3 FIG. i. Degeeriella n. nisus. FIG. 2. Degeeriella n. vagans. FIG. 3. Degeeriella n. f rater. Lectotype. PLATE 4 FIG. i. Degeeriella leucopleura. FIG. 2. Degeeriella hopkinsi. FIG. 3. Degeeriella fusca. PLATE 5 FIG. i. Degeeriella r. regalis from Milvus milvus. FIG. 2. Degeeriella r. deignani. FIG. 3. Degeeriella r. castanea. PLATE 6 FIG. i. Degeeriella elani. FIG. 2. Degeeriella tendeiroi. FIG. 3. Degeeriella rufa from Falco tinnunculus. PLATE 7 FIG. i. Degeeriella guimardesi. FIG. 2. Degeeriella meinertzhageni. FIG. 3. Degeeriella elbeli. FIG. 4. Male genitalia of fig. i . FIG. 5. Male genitalia of fig. 2. FIG. 6. Male genitalia of fig. 3. PLATE 8 FIG. i. Degeeriella phlyctopygus. FIG. 2. Degeeriella mookerjeei. FIG. 3. Degeeriella fulva from Aquila chrysaetos, male genitalia. FIG. 4. Degeeriella beaufacies, male genitalia. FIG. 5. Degeeriella n. nisus, male genitalia. FIG. 6. Degeeriella fusca, male genitalia. FIG. 7. Degeeriella rufa from Falco tinnunculus, male genitalia. PLATE 9 FIG. i. Degeeriella d. discocephalus from Haliaeetus albicilla. FIG. 2. Degeeriella d. aquilarum from Aquila nipalensis. FIG. 3. Degeeriella punctifer. Photographs by J. V. Brown British Museum (Natural History) Bull. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4 PLATE i Bull. B. M.(N.H.} Entom. 7, 4 PLATE 2 i Ifc Bull. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4 PLATE 3 Bull. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4 PLATE 4 Bull. B.M. (N.H.) En torn. 7, 4 PLATE 5 Bull. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4 PLATE 6 Butt. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4 PLATE 7 Bull. B.M. (N.H.), Entom. 7, 4. PLATE 8. I M - 6 Bull. B.M. (N.H.) Entom. 7, 4. PLATE g. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT (COL., CERAMBYCIDAE) S. BREUNING BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 5 LONDON: 1958 ... REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT (COL., CERAMBYCIDAE) PAR S. BREUNING Pp. 209-328; 5 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol 7 No. 5 LONDON: 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in Jive series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical Series. Parts appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. 5 of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum, 1958 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM Issued October, 1958 Price Two Pounds REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT p: (COL., CERAMBYCIDAE) Par S. BREUNING Genus EXOCENTRUS Mulsant Exocentrus Mulsant, 1839, Col. Fr., Long. : 152. Exocentrus + Camptomyme Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Land. (3) 131 : 27, 43. Oligopsis Thomson, 1864, Syst. Cer. : in. Exocentrus Mulsant, Bates, 1866, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 17 : 191. Exocentrus + Oligopsis + Camptomyme Lacordaire, 1872, Gen. col. 9 : 800, 801, 805, 806, 815. Exocentrus Mulsant, Ganglbauer, 1884, Best. Tab. 7 : 692. Ispaterus Fairmaire, 1892, Rev. d'Ent. 11 : 122. Pseudocentms Fairmaire, 1901, Rev. d'Ent. 20 : 230. Exocentrus Mulsant, Matsushita, 1933, Journ. Fac. Agr. Hokk. 34 : 389. Exocentrus Mulsant, Gressitt, 1939, Lingn. Sc. Journ. 18 : 82 ; 1940, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 72 : 182, J 83 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 518. Exocentrus Mulsant, Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. EN ovale allonge ou allonge. Antennes normalement peu fines, un peu moins longues que le corps a moderement plus longues, frangees en dessous de poils longs ; le scape long et mince, le troisieme article plus ou moins long que le quatrieme ou que le scape, les articles a partir du cinquieme diminuant progressivement en longeur. Tubercules antenniferes non ou peu saillants. Yeux assez grossierement facettes et fortement echancres, les lobes inferieurs grands. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale recourbee. Elytres plus larges que le pronotum, moderement convexes, normalement arrondis a 1'apex, pourvus souvent de points serialement disposes. Tte retractile. Saillie prosternale etroite, moins haute que les bandies, arquee. Saillie mesosternale peu large, inclinee vers 1'avant. Metasternum de longueur normale. Cavites coxales intermediaries fermees. Pattes de longueur moyenne ; femurs claviformes ; tibias intermediates pourvus d'un leger sillon dorsal ; crochets divariques. Tout les corps, les pattes et les antennes herisses de poils dresses longs. Type : Exocentrus lusitanus L. 259 especes, repandues par 1'Afrique, 1'Europe, 1'Asie et les lies orientales vers Test jusqu'aux lies Carolines, la Nouvelle Guinee et le Queensland. Mulsant, lors de sa description du genre Exocentrus, y avait place deux especes, cinereus Muls. et lusitanus L. Dans sa deuxieme edition de ses Coleopteres de France parue en 1863 il avait place lui meme le cinereus dans son genre Oplosia. Ainsi lusitanus L. devient automatiquement par elimination le type du genre Exocentrus. ENTOM. 7. 5. II 212 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Les especes suivantes decrites comme appartenant au genre Exocentrus Muls. sont a exclure du genre : Uoculatus Matsumura & Matsushita, binhanus Pic, fujiyamai Matsumura & Matsushita, inhirsutus Pic, leiopodinus Marsushita, meridianus Ohbayashi, saipanensis Ohbayashi et tonsus Bates, ces huit especes se pla9ant dans le genre Aegocidnus Pascoe. antennalis Jordan et polymitus Jordan, ces deux especes se plagant dans le genre Jordanoleiopus Breuning. elegans Fairmaire appartenant au genre Parhoplomelas Breuning. inermis Gahan appartenant au genre Acartus Fahraeus comme synonyme de hirtus Fahraeus. aurovilliusi Fisher appartenant au genre Paroligopsis Breuning. hirsutulus Faldermann, espece douteuse. 1 setosus Serville appartenant au genre Cosmoiomoides Melzer. nitidulus Bates, pusillus Blanchard et setosus Serville appartenant a des genres americains. Les genres Camptomyme Pascoe, Oligopsis Thomson et Pseudocentrus Fairmaire ne forment pas des genres a part mais peuvent e'tre conserves comme noms de sous- genres. Je partage le genre Exocentrus en dix sousgenres me basant surtout aussi sur la longueur relative des premiers articles antennaires. Ces sousgenres ne forment souvent pas des groupes phylogeniquement homogenes mais facilitent le partage des tres nombreuses especes du genre qui ne sont generalement pas separes par des carteres structurels importants. Ispaterus Fairmaire est un synonyme d'Oligopsis Thomson. TABLEAU DE DETERMINATION DES SOUSGENRES 1 . Troisieme article des antennes moins long que le quatrieme .... 2 - Troisieme article des antennes tout au moins aussi long que le quatrieme . . 5 2. Chaque elytre etire en une epine apicale Sg. 10, Dentexocentrus Breuning (une espece, p. 226) - Elytres arrondis a 1'apex .......... 3 3. Troisieme article des antennes moins long que le scape Sg. 3, Centenexocentrus Breuning (Tableau, p. 221) - Troisieme article des antennes plus long que le scape ..... 4 4. Antennes fines ; les points des elytres disposes sans ordre Sg. 5, Woodlarkexocentrus Breuning (une espece, p. 221) - Antennes peu fines ; les points des elytres serialement disposes Sg. 4, Barbierexocentrus Breuning (une espece, p. 221) 5. Troisieme article des antennes aussi long que le quatrieme ..... 6 - Troisieme article des antennes plus long que le quatrieme . . . . .7 1 Astyonomus hirsutulus Faldermann, 1837, Fna. Transcauc. 2 : 272, pi. 8, fig. 5. Astyonomus hirsutulus Ganglbauer, 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 535. Exocentrus hirsutulus Plaviltschikov, 1926, Encycl. Ent. 1, Col. 2 : 60. Plaviltschikov dit au sujet de cette espece (I.e.) : " Exocentrus hirsutulus Faldermann est sans doute un Exocentrus mais d'apres la description et la figure donnees par Faldermann il est impossible de decider a quelle espece de ce genre on doit attribuer cette description (probablement a \' Exocentrus adspersus Mulsant). Je propose de ne pas citer cette espece dans la liste des especes decrites et de la prendre comme un nomen nudum (a cause de sa description insuffisante)." REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 213 6. Les points des 61ytres sont plus ou moins aligned, sauf parfois dans le quart sutural Sg. 2, Camptomyme Pascoe (Tableau, p. 216) - Les points des elytres sont disposes sans ordre Sg. i, Exocentrus Mulsant s. str. (Tableau, p. 213) 7. Troisieme article des antennes un peu plus long que le quatrieme Sg. 6, Pseudocentrus Fairmaire (Tableau, p. 221) - Troisieme article des antennes beaucoup plus long que le quatrieme ... 8 8. Chaque 61ytre pourvu d'une petite bosse discale postbasilaire Sg. 9, Tuberculexocentrus Breuning (une 6spece, p. 323) - Elytres sans trace d'une bosse discale ........ 9 9. Les points des elytres sont srialement disposes sauf parfois sur le tiers sutural Sg. 7 Oligopsis Thomson (Tableau, p. 225) - Les points des elytres sont disposes sans ordre Sg. 8, Formosexocentrus Breuning (une 6spece, p. 322) TABLEAU DE DETERMINATION DES ESPECES i. Sousgenre EXOCENTRUS Mulsant s.s. 1. Elytres parsemds de tres petites taches blanches, rangers longitudinalement. . 2 - Elytres sans taches semblables ......... 7 2. Ces taches ne sont pas rangers en series longitudinales r6gulieres albomaculatus Pic (p. 234) - Ces taches sont rangers en series longitudinales r^gulieres ..... 3 3. Ces taches sont disposers en outre sous forme de deux bandes transversales, une pr6m6diane et une m6diane ..... enganensis Breuning (p. 233) - Ces taches ne sont pos disposers en forme de bandes transversales ... 4 4. Ces taches sont dispose 1 es en cinq series longitudinales sur chaque elytre lachrytnosus Pascoe (p. 232) - Ces taches sont disposers en sept series longitudinales sur chaque elytre . . 5 5. L'6pine Iat6rale du pronotum faiblement recourbe'e . . lacteolus Gahan (p. 238) - L'6pine lat^rale du pronotum fortement recourb^e ...... 6 6. Cette epine est pre"cale du pronotum pre'ce' de"e d'une bosse lat^rale obtuse rufus Breuning (p. 257) - L'e'pine late"rale du pronotum non pr6ce"d6e d'une bosse . subrufus Breuning (p. 258) 7. Pronotum rouge unicolore ; Elytres sans dessins ...... 8 Pronotum d'une autre couleur ......... 12 3. Tefp brun fonce" ....... binaluensis Breuning (p. 280) 9 philippinensis unicolor Fisher (p. 281) 10 10. Elytres violets metalliques ...... callioides Pascoe (p. 282) Elytres non metalliques . . . . . . . . . . .11 11. Elytres noirs. ......... bicolor Pascoe (p. 282) Elytres brun fonc6 avec deux bandes transversales peu apparentes explanatidens Pic (p. 271) 12. Presque unicolore noir ........... 13 Jamais presque unicolore .......... 19 13. Lobes infe'rieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues . . . tristis Pascoe (p. 282) Lobes infe'rieurs des yeux plus longs que les joues . . . . . . 14 14. Les points des eUytres ne sont pas aligned sur le quart sutural . . . . 15 Les points des e'lytres aligne"es aussi sur le quart sutural . . . . . 16 15. Partie basilaire des femurs rouge ..... femoralis Hintz (p. 250) Partie basilaire des femurs noire ..... niger Breuning (p. 257) 1 6. Lobes infe'rieurs des yeux beaucoup moins de deux fois plus longs que les joues . 17 Lobes inf6rieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues . . . . 18 17. L'6pine lat^rale du pronotum pre^de'e d'une bosse Iat6rale obtuse armatus Hintz (p. 249) Lupine late>ale du pronotum non pr6ce'de d'une bosse . subnitens Breuning (p. 250) 1 8. L'e'pine Iat6rale du pronotum fortement recourbe'e . subarmatus Breuning (p. 249) L'e'pine lat^rale du pronotum faiblement recourbe'e maiae Lepesme & Breuning (p. 247) 19. Tete et pronotum noirs, elytres brun jaunatres . . subglaber Fisher (p. 279) Corps autrement colori6 . . ........20 20. Elytres brun fonc6, la region hume'rale et la region apicale rouges humeralis Aurivillius (p. 279) Autrement colorte . .,,,,.. 21 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 217 21. Elytres cou verts de pubescence gris blanchatre exception faite de deux bandes trans versales glabres (brun fonce), une premediane et une postmediane subbidentatus Gressitt (p. 273) Elytres autrement pubescents . . . . . . . . .22 22. Rouge. Elytres ornes de taches brun fonce vagues . vagemaculatus Breuning (p. 257) Autrement colorie ............ 23 23. Elytres couverts de pubescence gris blanchatre et ornes de taches brunes floues ciliatissimus Gressitt (p. 283) Autrement colorie ............ 24 24. Elytres ornes de taches quadrangulaires jaune pale, rangees sous forme de deux tres larges bandes transversales, une premediane et une postmediane ... 25 Elytres autrements pubescents ......... 27 25. Les points des elytres sont assez irregulierement disposes sur le tiers sutural submisellus Breuning (p. 276) Les points des elytres sont serialement disposes aussi sur le tiers sutural . . 26 26. Les taches de la deuxieme bande restent distantes de 1'apex misellus Lameere (p. 275) Les taches de la deuxieme bande s'etendent jusqu'a 1'apex de 1'elytre miselloides Breuning (p. 282) 27. Chaque elytre avec trois bandes transversales jaunes ...... 28 Elytres sans ces bandes ........... 29 28. Sur chaque elytre une bande postbasilaire, une postmediane et une preapicale hupehensis Gressitt (p. 273) Sur chaque elytre une bande postbasilaire, une premediane et une postmediane trifasciellus Gressitt (p. 272) 29. Sur chaque elytre deux bandes transversales ondulees jaunes .... 30 Elytres sans ces bandes ........... 31 30. Sur chaque elytre une bande premediane et une preapicale gedeensis Breuning (p. 278) Sur chaque elytre une bande postbasilaire et une mediane javaensis Breuning (p. 278) 3 1 . Elytres ornes de bandes transversales blanchatres ou gris clair ou du moins de petites taches blanchatres ou gris clair disposees sous forme de bandes transversales . 32 Elytres sans bandes et sans taches semblables ....... 65 32. Elytres rouges, revetus de pubescence jaune paille et orn6s d'une seule bande trans- versale ondulee blanche postmediane . . . univittatus Breuning (p. 247) Elytres autrement dessin6s .......... 33 33. Elytres ornes de nombreuses petites taches ovalaires blanches ne formant pas de bandes nettes ............ 34 Elytres autrement dessines .......... 35 34. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues moerens Pascoe (p. 275) Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues submoerens Breuning (p. 274) 35. Elytres sans taches ou bandes blanches dans la moitie apicale .... 36 Elytres avec des taches ou des bandes blanches dans la moiti6 apicale . . 43 36. Antennes rouges ............ 37 Antennes brun fonc6 sauf parfois les premiers articles . . . . . 38 37. Les deux bandes transversales blanches de 1'elytre, la postbasilaire et la mediane, reliees pres de la suture fernandopoanus Baguena & Breuning . (p. 248) Ces deux bandes non reliees pres de la suture . . . ruftcornis Hintz (p. 252) 38. Les trois premiers articles antennaires rouge clair . . . nitens Jordan (p. 250) Les trois premiers articles antennaires brun fonce ...... 39 39. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre pseudonitens Breuning (p. 266) Partie basilaire des ces articles sans pubescence blanchatre .... 40 40. Bord lateral du pronotum largement aplati et reborde . explanatidens Pic (p. 271) Bord lateral du pronotum non largement aplati et reborde . . . . 41 2i8 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 41. Ranches et partie basilaire des femur, noirs chevangeoni Lepesme & Breuning (p. 247) Hanches et partie basilaire des fe"murs, rouges ....... 42 42. L'6pine Iat6rale du pronotum pr6c6d6e d'une bosse Iat6rale obtuse nigrescens Breuning (p. 258) Lupine late>ale du pronotum non pr6c6d6e d'une bosse schoutedeni Breuning (p. 259) 43. Les taches blanches forment dans la moiti6 post^rieure de 1'elytre un grand demi- cercle dont le point le plus convexe touche la suture multiguttulatus Pic (p. 275) Elytres autrement dessin6s .......... 44 44. Une s6rie de taches nettes jaune blanchatre longe la suture dans le tiers apical de l'61ytre ........ sumatranus Breuning (p. 276) Elytres sans ces taches . . . . . . . . . . .45 45. Les taches e'lytrales forment une seule bande transversale ondutee m6diane . . 46 Les taches 61ytrales forment plusieures bandes transversales .... 47 46. Les poils dresses des Elytres sont noirs .... nonymoides Jordan (p. 254) Les poils dresse's des 61ytres sont dor6s . . . aureopilosus Breuning (p. 267) 47. Les taches 61ytrales forment deux ou trois bandes transversales . . . . 48 Les taches 61ytrales forment tout au moins quatre bandes transversales, dont deux sont situ^es dans la moitie" apicale . . . . . . .64 48. Couleur fondamentale de l'61ytre brun rougeatre dans la moitie" basilaire et noire dans la moiti6 apicale ...... basirufus Gressitt (p. 272) Elytres autrement colori^s .......... 49 49. Sur chaque elytre une bande postbasilaire, une m6diane et une pr^apicale . . 50 Sur chaque 61ytre une bande basilaire ou postbasilaire, une pr6m6diane et une postmdiane ............ 54 50. Elytres tres grossierement ponctue's . . grossepunctatus Breuning (p. 261) Elytres assez finement ponctu6s . . . . . . . . .51 51. Sur chaque 61ytre apres la bande pr6apicale une tache apicale jaune multivittatus Breuning (p. 256) Elytres sans tache apicale jaune ......... 52 52. Chaque 61ytre avec une troite bande suturale blanche sur le quart basilaire birmanus Breuning (p. 271) Elytres sans une bande pareille ......... 53 53. Ecusson couvert de pubescence blanche . . . alboscutellaris Breuning (p. 271) Ecusson sans pubescence blanche ..... carissae Fisher (p. 270) 54. La bande pre'm^diane remonte obliquement en direction de l'6paule 55 La bande pr^me'diane ne remonte pas obliquement en direction de l'6paule . . 56 55. La deuxie mebande de 1'elytre est une bande postm^diane rhodesianus Breuning (p. 262) La deuxieme bande de 1'elytre est une bande pr6apicale . conradti Breuning (p. 251) 56. Pronotum rouge ; Elytres brun fonc6, les bandes peu apparentes . . . 57 Autrement colorie' ............ 59 57. Tete rouge ......... explanatidens Pic (p. 271) Tete noire ............. 58 58. L'6pine lat^rale du pronotum fortement recourb6e . . vaneyeni Breuning (p. 259) L'dpine Iat6rale du pronotum faiblement recourbe'e . vagesticticus Breuning (p. 259) 59. L'e"pine lat^rale du pronotum faiblement recourb^e . . . . . 60 L'6pine lat^rale du pronotum fortement recourb6e . . . . . . 61 60. La bande postme'diane de 1'elytre est fortement ondu!6e subinclusus Hunt & Breuning (p. 264) La bande postm6diane de l'61ytre est droite subinclusus latefasciatus Hunt & Breuning (p. 265) 61. La bande postm^diane de l'61ytre est peu large et ondu!6e ..... 62 La bande postm6diane de l'61ytres est large et droite ... . . . 63 62. Corps en majeure partie brun fonc6 . . substrigosus Hunt & Breuning (p. 263) Corps entierement rouge clair ...... minimus Breuning (p. 248) REVISION DUGENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 219 63. Chaque elytre avec trois bandes transversales . . . strigosus Jordan (p. 251) Chaque elytre avec seulement deux bandes transversales latefasciatipennis Breuning (p. 248) 64. L'epine laterale du pronotum fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse ......... sjostedti Breuning (p. 265) L'epine laterale du pronotum faiblement recourbee et non precedee d'une bosse laterale ......... decorsei Breuning (p. 249) 65. Elytres ornes de bandes longitudinales grises interrompues par places insularis Fisher (p. 281) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 66 66. Elytres ornes de nombreuses etroites bandes longitudinales blanches on jaune pale 67 Elytres sans bandes pareilles .......... 73 67. Les bandes blanches confluent plus ou moins lateralement sur la moiti6 laterale de 1'elytre ......... kalshoveni Fisher (p. 277) Les bandes non confluent pas .......... 68 68. Sur chaque elytre neuf ou dix bandes longitudinales ...... 69 Sur chaque elytre sept bandes longitudinales ....... 70 69. Pronotum rouge ....... binaluensis Breuning (p. 280) Pronotum non rouge albostriatus Hintz (p. 255) 70. L'epine Iat6rale du pronotum precedee d'une bosse Iat6rale obtuse leucostriatus Breuning (p. 255) L'epine laterale du pronotum non precedee d'une bosse laterale .... 71 71. Troisieme article des antennes sensiblement moins long que le scape vittatus Fisher (p. 269) Le troisieme article des antennes tout au plus un peu moins long que le scape . 72 72. Tiers apical des tibias brun fonce ..... lineolatus Muller (p. 269) Tiers apical des tibias non brun fonce . . . leucolineatus Breuning (p. 256) 73. Tier sutural de 1'elytre couvert d'une pubescence d'un brun assez fonce : les deux tiers lateraux revetus de pubescence soyeuse brun clair ..... 74 Elytres autrement pubescents ......... 75 74. L'epine laterale du pronotum precedee de deux petites preeminences anguleuses laterales ......... costatus Breuning (p. 277) L'epine laterale du pronotum non precedee de preeminences fuscovittatus Breuning (p. 267) 75. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale premediane jaunatre qui remonte obliquement en direction de 1'epaule . . . flavofasciatus Breuning (p. 260) Elytres sans une bande semblable ......... 76 76. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale preapicale ochracee .... 77 Elytres sans cette bande . . . . . . . . . .78 77. Pronotum entierement couvert de pubescence rousseatre . basilanus Breuning (p. 280) Pronotum sans une pubescence pareille . . . acutispina Fairmaire (p. 283) 78. Elytres ornes de taches gris clair ou blanches, disposees en series longitudinales . 79 Elytres sans taches semblables . . . . . . . . .81 79. Elytres ornes en plus de quelques taches ochracees vives aureomaculatus Aurivillius (p. 262) Elytres sans taches ochracees .......... 80 80. Les taches elytrales blanches sont etroites . . . drescheri Fisher (p. 278) Les taches elytrales blanches sont oblongues . . . angusticollis Fisher (p. 280) 81. Sur chaque elytre sept series longitudinales de petites taches quadrangulaires blanchatres faisant defaut sur l'emplacement d'une large bande' postmediane ondu!6e transversale brun rougeatre .... sumatrensis Fisher (p. 276) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 82 82. Elytres ornes de petites taches jaune pale, rangees en s6ries longitudinales . . 83 Elytres sans taches pareilles . . . . . . . . . &7 220 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 83. Sur chaque 61ytre, en plus une bande transversale postmMiane ondutee brun fonc6 et une tache brun fonc6 a cot6 de l'6cusson fuscosignatipennis Hunt & Breuning (p. 263) Elytres sans ces dessins ........... 84 84. Scape rouge clair ............ 85 Scape rouge fonc6 ou brun noir ..... chatter jeei Fisher (p. 270) 85. Articles antennaires 7 a ii rouges ..... seriatus Jordan (p. 252) Articles antennaires 7 a n brun fence" ........ 86 86. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long ..... Mrtus Fisher (p. 279) Pronotum moins large ...... subseriatus Breuning (p. 263) 87. Elytres orn6s de tres nombreuses taches quadrangulaires blanches qui couvrent pratiquement toute leur surface exception faite de taches minimes d6nude"es variegatus Duvivier (p. 260) Elytres autrement dessine's .......... 88 88. Elytres erne's de nombreuses petites taches blanches ...... 89 Elytres sans ces taches ........... 91 89. Des taches pareilles se trouvent aussi sur le tiers apical albosignatus Lepesme & Breuning (p. 253) Pas de taches blanches sur le tiers apical de 1'elytre ...... 90 90. Les deux premiers articles antennaires sont rouge clair . alluiiudi Breuning (p. 267) Les deux premiers articles antennaires sont brun fonc6 albostictipennis Breuning (p. 260) 91. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune blanchatre et gris blanchatre et orn6s d'une bande transversale postm6diane brune ........ 92 Elytres sans une bande semblable . . . . . . . . .103 92. Elytres grossierement ponctu6s ......... 93 Elytres assez finement ponctu6s ......... 95 93. Tibias unicolores rouges ..... rufotibialis Breuning (p. 246) Tibias brun fonc6 dans la moitie" apicale et rouge clair dans la moiti6 basilaire . 94 94. Epaules rouge clair ....... echinulus Gahan (p. 261) Epaules non rouges ....... exiguus Gahan (p. 262) 95. Sur chaque lytre une large bande longitudinale lat^rale brun fonc6 parcourant les deux tiers ant^rieurs ........... 96 Elytres sans cette bande .......... 97 96. Moiti6 basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanche orientalis Breuning (p. 265) Seule 1' extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanche ........ guineensis Breuning (p. 246) 97. Premiers articles antennaires rouge clair . . . rufobasicornis Breuning (p. 258) Premiers articles antennaires non rouge clair ....... 98 98. La bande postm^diane brune de I'dlytre n'est pas ondulde ..... 99 La bande postme'diane brune de 1'eTytre est ondule . . . . . .100 99. Pronotum avec deux taches dories .... latevittipennis Breuning (p. 256) Pronotum sans taches dories ...... jeanneli Breuning (p. 266) 100. Bord lateral de I'e'lytre garni de poils dresse's pales ...... 101 Bord lateral de I'e'lytre garni de poils dresse's noirs . . . . . .102 1 01. Lobes infe'rieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues raffrayi Breuning (p. 268) Lobes infe'rieurs des yeux a peine deux fois plus longs que les joues gardnerianus Breuning (p. 266) 102. La bande postm6diane fonc6e de I'e'lytre interrompue par de petites taches circu- laires jaunatres fasciolatus Bates (p. 274) La bande postm6diane fonce'e de I'e'lytre non interrompue par des taches subfasciatus Jordan (p. 253) 103. Elytres converts d'une pubescence jaune pale ou brun jaunatre sauf une tres grande tache lat^rale m^diane ou postm6diane brune . . . . . .104 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 221 Elytres revetus de pubescence brun clair et orn6s de taches plus fonc^es sudanicus Aurivillius (p. 268) 104. Lupine Iat6rale du pronotum faiblement recourb^e . pseudomurinus Breuning (p. 269) L'6pine lat^rale du pronotum fortement recourb^e . . . . . .105 105. Tete noire ............. 106 Tete rouge ............. 107 106. Pronotum noir ........ nigricollis Hintz (p. 269) Pronotum brun rouge ...... constricticollis Gressitt (p. 273) 107. Les points des 61ytres r6gulierement aligned dans le quart sutural ficicola Fisher (p. 270) Les points des Elytres non aligned dans le quart sutural . murinus Breuning (p. 264) 3. Sousgenre CENTENEXOCENTRUS nov. 1. Sur chaque 61ytre une grande tache postme"diane d6nud6e ..... 2 Elytres sans cette tache .......... 3 2. Tiers apical des tibias a pubescence brun fence" . . centenes Pascoe (p. 286) - Tiers apical des tibias sans cette pubescence . . centenoides Breuning (p. 286) 3. Elytres erne's de dessins blanchatres sauf sur I'emplacement d'une tache ou bande transversale postme'diane brune ......... 4 - Elytres autrement dessin^s .......... 9 4. Pronotum avec deux grandes taches discales jaunes . hispidulus Pascoe (p. 284) - Pronotum sans ces taches .......... 5 5. Lupine lat^rale du pronotum fortement recourbe ...... 6 - L'e'pine late"rale du pronotum seulement assez faiblement recourb6e ... 8 6. L'6pine late'rale du pronotum dirig^e directement vers 1'arriere tnindanaoensis Fisher (p. 286) - L'e'pine Iat6rale du pronotum dirig^e obliquement vers I'arriere .... 7 7. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long . . seriatopunctatus Aurivillius (p. 285) - Pronotum faiblement transverse ..... artocarpi Fisher (p. 286) 8. Troisieme article des antennes aussi long que le scape, hispiduloides Breuning (p. 285) - Troisieme article des antennes sensiblement moins long que le scape neopomerianus Breuning (p. 285) 9. Les deux premiers articles antennaires brun noir . bicoloripennis Breuning (p. 287) - Les deux premiers articles antennaires rouge clair rufobasiantennalis Breuning (p. 287) 4. Sousgenre BARBIEREXOCENTRUS nov. Une seule espece ........... barbieri Pic (p. 288) 5. Sousgenre WOODLARKEXOCENTRUS nov. Une seule espece ........ woodlarkianus Breuning (p. 288) 6. Sousgenre PSEUDOCENTRUS Fairmaire 1. Elytres d'un bleu m^tallique, rouge clair sur une tache hum6rale et sur une tache apicale ........ rufohumeralis Breuning (p. 290) - Elytres autrement colori^s .......... 2 2. Elytres unicolores ou tout au moins sans dessins ...... 3 - Elytres presentant tou jours des dessins . . . . . . 22 3. Elytres rouges, mais a peu pres la moitie' suturale brun fonc6 ou noire. . . 4 - Elytres autrement colori6s .......... 5 4. Toute la moiti6 suturale de 1'eTytre noire . . parterufipennis Breuning (p. 291) - Seuls les deux tiers ant&rieurs de la moiti6 suturale de 1'elytre brun fonc6 flsheri Gressitt (p. 294) 5. Elytres noirs ou brun fonc6, tout au moins en majeure partie .... 6 222 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT - Elytres rouges ou tout au moins plus clairs . . . . . . . 13 6. Partie basilaire de 1'elytre rouge ......... 7 - Partie basilaire de 1'elytre egalement brun fonce ou noir ..... 8 7. Seul le huitieme basilaire de 1'elytre rouge testaceus rufobasipennis Breuning (p. 300) - Tout le cinquieme basilaire de 1'elytre rouge testaceus rufoampliatus Breuning (p. 300) 8. D'un brun rougeatre fonc6 unicolore .... blbtei Breuning (p. 290) - D'une autre couleur ............ 9 9. Tete noire .............. 10 - Tete tout au moins partiellement rouge . . . . . . . . n 10. Pronotum rouge a fine pubescence dor6e .... indicola Fisher (p. 306) Pronotum rouge fonc6 sans pubescence doree . . . rufithorax Gressitt (p. 294) 11. Antennes unicolores brun noir .... tnindoroensis Breuning (p. 291) Articles antennaires anneles sur la partie basilaire de pubescence gris blanchatre . 12 12. Front et joues d'un brun noir .... testaceus diver siceps Pic (p. 300) Front et joues rouges ..... testaceus subbicolor Breuning (p. 300) 13. Pronotum brun fonc6 ou brun noir ......... 14 Pronotum rouge ............ 19 14. Elytres rouges, brun fonc6 pres de la suture sauf en arriere testaceus lateraloides Breuning (p. 300) Elytres unicolores ou presque .......... 15 15. Elytres d'un brun assez fonce, vaguement marbres de blanc crassepunctus Lepesme & Breuning (p. 313) Elytres brun rougeatre clair ou bruns ou brun jaunatre . . . . . 16 1 6. Elytres grossierement ponctues . . . mirei Lepesme & Breuning (p. 312) Elytres fmement ponctues .......... 17 17. Elytres bruns ........ saitoi Matsushita (p. 294) Elytres jaunes ............ 18 1 8. Troisieme article des antennes un peu plus long que le scape zikaweiensis Savio (p. 295) Troisieme article des antennes moins long que le scape itnmaculatus Gressitt (p. 293) 19. Pattes et antennes rouges .......... 20 Pattes et antennes noires . . . . . . . . . .21 20. Lobes inferieurs des yeux fois plus longs que les joues . tertninaliae Fisher (p. 304) Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues . . ruflcolor Pic (p. 295) 21. Les points des elytres sont disposes sans ordre . . . granulicollis Fisher (p. 301) Les points des elytres sont serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural testaceus Fisher (p. 299) 22. Elytres noirs avec des dessins blancs nets . . . . . . . . 23 Elytres autrement dessines .......... 24 23. Femurs jaune rougeatre ...... flemingiae Fisher (p. 299) Femurs brun noir . . . . . . . . fouqueti Pic (p. 296) 24. Elytres marbr6s de jaune blanchatre exception faite de quelques assez grandes taches postmedianes brun rougeatre .... pilosicornis Fisher (p. 305) Elytres autrement dessins .......... 25 25. Elytres rouge fonc6 avec des taches blanchatres floues sur le disque de la moitie anterieure et du tiers apical ......... 26 Elytres autrement dessinis . .. . . . ... . . 32 26. Tibias unicolores . . . . ... . . . . . 27 Moiti6 basilaire des tibias d'un rouge clair . ... . . . . 31 27. Pronotum couvert de pubescence grise . . . . .28 Pronotum sans pubescence grise .... actinophorae Fisher (p. 290) 28. Les taches elytrales sont assez grandes et disposees en series longitudinales . . 29 Les taches elytrales sont petites ou non dispos6es en series longitudinales . . 30 29. L'epine laterale du pronotum pr6cedee d'une bosse latrale obtuse celebicus Breuning (p. 292) REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 223 L'epine laterale du pronotum non pr6cede d'une bosse laterale mindoroanus Breuning (p. 291) 30. Les taches elytrales agglomerees pour former une bande transversale mediane tectonae Fisher (p. 289) Les taches elytrales non agglom6r6es pour former une bande transversale subreticulatus Breuning (p. 307) 31. Troisieme article des antennes beaucoup moins long que le scape pubescens Fisher (p. 304) Troisieme article des antennes a peine moins long que le scape gardneri Fisher (p. 304) 32. Chaque elytre avec une grande tache postmediane brune ou brun fonc6 . . 33 Elytres sans cette tache . . . . . . . . . -37 33. Sur chaque Elytre aussi des taches brun fonc6 disposers en forme de bande trans- versale assez large ....... nigronotatus Pic (p. 296) Elytres sans ces taches ........... 34 34. Sur chaque elytre en plus deux taches ou bandes brun rouge ou noir, une basilaire et une apicale ............ 35 Elytres sans ces taches ou ces bandes . . . . . . . .36 35. Ces taches ou bandes brun rougeatre .... collarti Breuning (p. 301) Ces taches ou bandes noires ..... dalbergianus Gressitt (p. 294) 36. L'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee nettement vers 1'arriere reticulatus Fairmaire (p. 306) L'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere sumbawanus Breuning (p. 289) 37. Chaque elytre vaguement marbr de brun et de gris clair, avec une grande tache postmediane suturale brune. .... subgrisescens Breuning (p. 313) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 38 38. Elytres nettement marbres d'ochrac6 sur fond d'un brun assez fonc6 a/nt'Fisher (p. 301) Elytres autrement dessin6s .......... 39 39. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune grisatre et ornes de taches longitudinales et transversales brunes ........ tonkineus Pic (p. 296) Elytres autrement dessin6s .......... 40 40. Sur chaque Elytre une 6troite bande longitudinale brun fonce au bord lateral de la moitie ant^rieure . . . . . . . . . . .41 Elytres sans une bande semblable ......... 42 41. Cette bande rejoint en arriere une etroite bande transversale postmediane ondutee brun fonc6 sublateralis Breuning (p. 311) Elytres sans bande postmediane transversale brun fonc6 . . lateralis Gahan (p. 308) 42. Elytres parsemes dans la moitie suturale des deux tiers ant6rieurs de taches blanch- atres et sur le restant de leur surface de taches jaune ocre ghesquierei Breuning (p. 313) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 43 43. Sur chaque elytre cinq ou six series longitudinales de petites taches blanchatres . 44 Elytres sans taches semblables ......... 48 44. Ces taches font d6faut sur remplacement d'une bande transversale postmediane. 45 Ces taches ne font pas defaut sur une bande semblable ..... 46 45. Antennes rouges, unicolores ...... championi Fisher (p. 302) L'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme a pubescence blanchatre greviae Fisher (p. 303) 46. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues alboseriatus Gahan (p. 298) Lobes inf6rieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues .... 47 47. Rebord lateral du pronotum avant 1'epine laterale largement ourle tnarginicoltis Fisher (p. 297) Le rebord lateral du pronotum non largement our!6 andamanensis Breuning (p. 298) 224 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 48. Chaque elytre orn6 de petites taches ochrac6es dispos^es en forme de deux bandes transversales, une postbasilaire et une postmediane . tippmanni Breuning (p. 312) Elytres sans taches pareilles .......... 49 49. Sur chaque elytre des bandes transversales blanchatres souvent floues . . 50 Elytres sans ces bandes . . . . . . . . . .58 50. Sur chaque elytre quatre bandes transversales, une basilaire, une pr6mediane, une postmediane et une apicale . . . . . tnonticola Fisher (p. 303) Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales, une postbasilaire ou prem6diane, une mediane ou postmediane et une preapicale . . . . . . .51 51. Elytres assez grossierement ponctues .... dalbergiae Fisher (p. 302) Elytres finement ponctues . . . . . . . . . .52 52. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme a pubescence blanche 53 Partie basilaire de ces articles sans pubescence blanche ..... 54 53. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre ..... trifasciatus Fisher (p. 302) Ecusson a pubescence brune ....... theresae Pic (p. 295) 54. La bande transversale postbasilaire et la bande pr6m6diane sont largement reunies binhensis Breuning (p. 297) Ces bandes non r6unies ........... 55 55. Les points sur les elytres s6rialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural cudraniae Fisher (p. 302) Les points sur les elytres non serialement disposes ...... 56 56. Les bandes eiytrales sont assez nettes ..... santali Fisher (p. 305) Les bandes eiytrales sont floues . . . . . . . . -57 57. L'epine laterale du pronotum mince ; troisieme article des antennes un peu plus long que le scape ........ malloti Fisher (p. 304) L'epine laterale du pronotum tres large ; troisieme article des antennes aussi long que le scape ........ kuluensis Breuning (p. 306) 58. Elytres brun fonc6 chacun avec une bande transversale postmediane ondu!6e blanchatre seticollis Fisher (p. 303) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 59 59. Elytres avec de nombreuses petites taches jaunes ou gris jaunatre disposees en series longitudinales et souvent agglomerees en une etroite bande transversale ondulee mediane ....... guttulatus Bates (p. 292) Elytres autrement dessines .......... 60 60. Sur chaque elytre une large bande transversale ochracee au tiers apical . . 61 Elytres sans une bande pareille ......... 62 61. Troisieme article des antennes un peu plus long que le scape futnosus Gahan (p. 298) Troisieme article des antennes un peu moins long que le scape saleyerianus Breuning (p. 298) 62. Sur chaque elytre une assez large bande transversale brune ou brun fonc6, situ^e juste apres le milieu ........... 63 Elytres sane une bande pareille, ornes d'etroites bandes longitudinales blanches . 70 63. Bord lateral de 1'elytre garni de poils dresses blancs ...... 64 Bord lateral de 1'eiytre garni de poils dresses noirs ...... 66 64. Elytres peu finement ponctues .... subexiguus Breuning (p. 307) Elytres tres finement ponctues . . . . . . . . . 65 65. Les points des elytres sont subalignes sur la moitie laterale ivorensis Breuning (p. 315) Les points des elytres non subalignes sur la moitie laterale subfasciatipennis Breuning (p. 305) 66. L'6pine laterale du pronotum faiblement recourbee . pseudexiguus Breuning (p. 307) L'epine laterale du pronotum fortement recourbee ...... 67 67. Les points des elytres sont disposes sans ordre . senegalensis Breuning (p. 315) Les points des elytres sont subalignes ........ 68 68. La bande transversale brune est large et transverse . . inclusus Pascoe (p. 308) REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 225 La bande transversale brune est etroite et descend dans la moitie suturale oblique- ment en direction de la suture ......... 69 69. Pronotum parseme de taches minimes denudees densefuscosticticus Breuning (p. 312) Pronotum sans taches semblables . . . obliquevittatus Breuning (p. 314.) 70. Pronotum orne de deux larges bandes longitudinales discales ochracees ochreovitticollis Breuning (p. 314) Pronotum sans ces bandes . . . . . . . . . .71 71. L'epine laterale du pronotum precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse ; sur chaque elytre douze bandes lineiformes blanches ....... 72 L'epine laterale non precedee d'une bosse laterale, les elytres ornes de bandes blanches moins nombreuses. ......... 73 72. Elytres finement ponctu6s ..... multilineatus Breuning (p. 311) Elytres grossierement ponctues ..... alternans Breuning (p. 308) 73. Chaque elytre avec dix tres etroites bandes longitudinales blanches albolineatus Breuning (p. 310) Elytres avec moins de bandes blanches . . . . . . . 74 74. Chaque elytre avec six bandes longitudinales blanches vittulatus Aurivillius (p. 311) Chaque elytre avec huit ou neuf bandes blanches . . . . . . 75 75. L'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee droit vers 1'arriere albovittipennis Breuning (p. 309) L'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere albovittatus Breuning (p. 309) 7. Sousgenre OLIGOPSIS Thomson 1. Elytres d'un vert metallique unicolore . . . viridipennis Breuning (p. 317) Elytres jamais vert metallique ......... 2 2. Chaque elytre avec huit bandes longitudinales blanches sur la moitie anterieure sexseriatus Aurivilius (p. 316) Elytres sans ces bandes ........... 3 3. Sur chaque elytre, dans la moitie anterieure, deux series longitudinales de tres petites taches jaune blanchatre .... timorensis Breuning (p. 321) - Elytres autrement dessines .......... 4 4. Sur chaque elytre de petites taches blanches, disposees en sept series longitu- dinales ....... seriatotnaculatus Schwarzer (p. 322) - Elytres autrement dessines .......... 5 5. Elytres ornes de nombreuses taches jaune pale disposers serialement et agglomerees en une bande transversale postmediane ondulee ...... 6 - Elytres autrement dessines .......... 8 6. Pubescence fonciere des elytres brun fonce . . . roonwali Breuning (p. 321) - Pubescence fonciere des elytres brun rougeatre ...... 7 7. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues exocentroides Thomson (p. 320) Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues albizziae Fisher (p. 320) 8. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale noire situee un peu apres le milieu . 9 - Elytres sans une bande pareille . . . . . . . . . u 9. En plus sur chaque elytre une grande tache basilaire discale brun fonce tneridionalis Breuning (p. 316) - Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches brun fonce, mais sans cette tache basilaire brun fonce. ............ 10 10. L'epine laterale du pronotum pointue .... longipilis Fairmaire (p. 319) L'epine laterale du pronotum trounquee a 1'apex . . major Breuning (p. 317) 11. Sur chaque elytres quatre grandes taches circulaires noiratres nigroplagiatus Breuning (p. 318) Elytres sans ces taches ........... 12 ENTOM. 7. 5. 12 22 6 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 12. Sur chaque elytre une assez grande tache postmediane laterale brune bctschuanus Breuning (p. 316) Elytres sans cette tache . .. . . . . . . . 13 13. Elytres grossierement ponctu6s ..... patrizii Breuning (p. 318) Elytres finement ponctues . . . " .. . . . . 14 14. Elytres cou verts de pubescence unicolore jaune grisatre unicoloripennis Breuning (p. 318) Elytres couverts de pubescence brun fonc6 et ornes, chacun, de deux bandes trans- versales floues gris blanchatre, une postbasilaire et une mediane annamensis Breuning (p. 321) 8. Sousgenre FORMOS EXOCENTRUS Breuning Une seule espece ........ variepennis Schwarzer (p. 322) 9. Sousgenre TUBERCULEXOCENTRUS Breuning Une seule espece basituberculatus Pic (p. 323) 10. Sousgenre DENTEXOCENTRUS Breuning Une seule espece dentipes Breuning (p. 323) 1. EXOCENTRUS MULSANT SOUSGENRE EXOCENTRUS SENSU STRICTO Exocentrus Mulsant, 1839, Col. Fr., Long. : 152. Exocentrus Sousgenre s. str., Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. Troisieme article des antennes aussi long que le quatrieme. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex, ponctues sans ordre. Type : lusitanus Linne. i. Exocentrus lusitanus Linne Cerambyx lusitanus Linn6, 1767, Syst. Nat., ed. 12 : 1767. Cerambyx subpilosus Filler & Mitterpiller, 1783, Iter : 67, pi. 8, fig. 5. Cerambyx lusitanicus Olivier, 1790, Encycl. method., Ent. 5 : 269 ; 1795, Ent. 4, No. 67 : 120, No. 70, pi. 5, fig. 54. Cerambyx pubicornis Schrank, 1790, Naturf. 24 : 76. Cerambyx quercus Rossi, 1790, Fna. Etrusca, 1 : 143. Cerambyx crinitus Panzer, 1795, Ent. Germ. : 249. Lamia balteata Gyllenhal, 1817, Schonherr, Syn. Ins., Append. 2 : 163. Exocentrus balteus Schiodte, 1864, Naturl. Tidskr. (2) 3 : 561. Exocentrus lusitanus Linne^ Ganglbauer, 1883, Wien. ent. Ztg. 2 : 299, pi. 4, fig. 2 ; 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 530. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une mince epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence jaunatre. Sur chaque elytre une large bande transversale postmediane brune qui n'atteint pas tout a fait la suture. Long. : 4-5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2-2 mm. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 227 Decrit sur des individus de Lusitanie. Repandu par 1'Europe sauf 1'Angleterre. E. subpilosus Pill. & Mitterp., lusitanicus Ol., pubicornis Schr., quercus Rossi, crinifer Panz, balteata Gyll. et balteus Schiodte sont des synonymes. 2. Exocentrus adspersus Mulsant Exocentrus adspersus Mulsant, 1846, Col. Fr., Long., Suppl. : (9). Exocentrus adspersus Mulsant, Fairmaire, 1864, Gen. Col. d'Eur. 4, pi. 47, fig. 217. Exocentrus adspersus Mulsant, Ganglbauer, 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 529. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence jaunatre. Elytres parsemes de petites taches blanchatres, disposees en series longitudinales, plus nombreuses surtout au quart apical ; ces taches font defaut sur remplacement d'une assez large bande transversale postmediane ondulee mais sont condensees sou vent juste avant cette bande en forme d'une etroite bande transversale ondulee. Dessous du corps plutot brun a fine pubescence blanchatre. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 et 4 a pubescence blanchatre. Long : 6-8 mm. ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/2 Decrit sur des individus des environs de Lyon. Europe centrale et meridionale ; Caucase, Transcaucasie (Plaviltschikov) . var. clarae Mulsant Exocentrus clarae Mulsant, 1861, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (2), 8 : 206. Exocentrus adspersus var. clarae Pic, 1891, Long. 1 : 46 ; 1915, Long. 9 : 22. Comme la forme typique, mais les petites taches blanchatres des elytres inter- rompent en partie aussi la bande transversale postmediane brune. var. revelieri Mulsant & Rey Exocentrus revelieri Mulsant & Ray, 1875, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (2) 21 : 413. Exocentrus adspersus var. revelieri, Pic, 1891, Long. 1 : 47. Comme la forme typique, mais avec la coloration fondamentale des elytres d'un brun fonce. 3. Exocentrus stierlini Ganglbauer Exocentrus stierlini Ganglbauer, 1883, Wien. ent. Ztg. 2 : 298, pi. 4, fig. 3 : 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 530. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, densement et extre"mement finement obliquement strie, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. 228 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Rouge, couvert (Tune tres fine pubescence jaunatre. Sur chaque elytre une large bande transversale postmediane brune largement arrondie du cote de la suture qu'elle n'atteint pas tout a fait, et une bande transversale preapicale brune tres peu apparente ; chacun des points situees entre ces deux bandes entoure d'un tres petit cercle brun. Long. : 4-6 mm. ; Larg. ; i mm. 1/2-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus d'Europe meridionale. Allemagne, Autriche (Ganglbauer) ; Hongrie (Aurivillius) ; Siberie (Plaviltschikov) . 4. Exocentrus punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau Exocentrus punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau, 1856, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (2) 3 : 103. Exocentrus punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau, Ganglbauer, 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 530. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une large epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune paille. Disque du pronotum, rem- bruni sauf au bord anterieur et au bord posterieur. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches brunes rangees en series longitudinales. Sur chaque elytre une large bande transversale ondulee brune qui n'atteint pas tout a fait la suture. Long. : 4-6 mm. ; Larg. ; i mm. 1/2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Lyon. Repandu par 1'Europe centrale et meridionale. var. signatus Mulsant & Rey Exocentrus signatus Mulsant & Ray, 1863, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (2) 10 : 163. Exocentrus punctipennis var. signatus Ganglbauer, 1884, Best. Tab. 8 : 530. Exocentrus graecus Pic, 1901, Echange, 17 : 52. Comme la forme typique, mais la bande transversale brune de 1'elytre moins large et plus foncee. Grece et Turquie. 5. Exocentrus galloisi Matsushita Exocentrus galloisi Matsushita, 1933, Journ. Fac. Agric. Hokk. 34 : 396, 397, pi. 4, fig. 7. Proche de punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau, mais 1 'epine laterale du pronotum un peu moins fortement recourbee et les elytres sans petites taches brunes disposees en series longitudinales. Decrit sur un individu du Japon : Chiuzenji au Musee de Hokkaido. He Hondo (coll. Frey). 6. Exocentrus savioi Pic Exocentrus curtipennis Pic var. Savioi Pic, 1925, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. : 138. Exocentrus curtipennis Pic var. Savioi Pic, Savio, 1929, Not. d'Ent. chin. : I. Exocentrus curtipennis Pic var. Savioi Pic, Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 527. Proche de punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 229 plus mince et plus longue et la bande transversale postmediane brune de 1'elytre plus fortement ondulee et devenant beaucoup moins large dans le tiers sutural. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : Zikawei dans la coll. Pic. Provinces de Kiangsi et Kiang-su (Gressitt) ; Chekiang (coll. Frey) ; He de Formose (Gressitt). 7. Exocentrus lineatus Bates Exocentrus lineatus Bates, 1873, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 12 : 384. Exocentrus lineatus Bates, Matsushita, 1933, Journ. Fac. Agric. Hokk. 34 : 396. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. D'un rouge assez fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun grise. Elytres rev^tus de pubescence brun rougeatre et ornes, chacun, dans la moitie anterieure de cinq troites bandes longitudinales jaunes ou jaune grisatre ainsi que de trois courtes bandes pareilles dans le quart apical. Moitie apicale des tibias et les tarses brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Long. : 5-6 mm. ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus du Japon au Museum de Paris. lies Hondo, Shikoku et Kiushiu (Matsushita). 8. Exocentrus testudineus Matsushita Exocentrus testudineus Matsushita, 1931, Trans. Sapp. Nat. Hist. Soc. 12 : 47 ; 1933, Journ. Fac. Agric. Hokk. 34 : 396. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum faible- ment transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue a peine recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, eparse"- ment et tres finement dans le quart apical. Brun fonce couvert d'une tres fine pubescence grise. Le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum, les elytres et les antennes rouges et revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Sur chaque elyte une grande tache circulaire preapicale suturale blanchatre vague et deux bandes transversales de meme couleur, une postbasilaire qui remonte obliquement en direction de 1'epaule et une ondulee situee juste apres le milieu, ces deux bandes reliees ensemble par deux ou trois etroites bandes longitudinales discales de me'me couleur. Long. : 6-8 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4-3 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Japon : He Hokkaido, Mts. Daisetsu dans la coll. Matsushita. He Hondo (Matsushita). 9. Exocentrus brevisetosus Gressitt Exocentrus testudineus Matsushita subspecies brevisetosus Gressitt, 1938, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 64 : 167, pi. i, fig. 4. Exocentrus brevisetosus Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. 230 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Proche de testudineus Matsushita, mais Tepine laterale du pronotum plus forte- ment ' recourbee, les elytres plus grossierement ponctues et garnis de polls dresses plus courts. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. ; i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile de Formose : Hori, a 1' Academic de Calif ornie. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 10. Exocentrus pici, nom. nov. Exocentrus signatus Pic, 1933, Mater. Longic. 11:6. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pouvu d'une longue epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Sur chaque elytre une tres etroite bande suturale blanchatre, une bande premediane blanche peu large qui remonte obliquement en direction de 1'epaule et qui est interrompue dans sa moitie laterale par de petites taches denudees, une assez etroite bande transversale post- mediane fortement zigzaguee et une etroite tache discale preapicale blanche. La partie de 1'elytre entres les bandes premediane et postmediane rouge a pubescence brun rougeatre clair. Tibias rouge clair. Long. : 6 mm. ; Larg. ; 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : Province de Szetschouan, Tatsienlu, Dzaschi dans la coll. Frey, sous le nom signatus. Ce nom etant preoccupe je le change en pici. 11. Exocentrus badius Fisher Exocentrus badius Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 242. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue et mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun rougeatre couvert d'une fine pubescence grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et parsemes de petites taches circulaires grises, ces taches faisant defaut sur 1'emplacement d'une grande tache transversale postmediane laterale. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Mindanao : Davao, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 12. Exocentrus albovarius Fisher Exocentrus albovarius Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 243. Proche de badius Fisher, mais le pronotum deux fois plus large que long, son epine laterale plus rapprochee de la base et dirigee vers 1'arriere, le corps d'un brun REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 231 plus fonce, la tache postmediane de Felytre depourvue de taches grise est de forme plus irreguliere. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2-5 mm - Larg. : i mm. 1/2-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile Mindanao : Davao, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 13. Exocentrus philippinus Fisher Exocentrus philippinus Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 246. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Pronotum de moitie plus large que long, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers l'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun rougeatre, couvert d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Tete a pubescence grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence brune et marbres de jaune pale, ces marbrures condensees en une grande tache humerale, une bande transversale au tiers apical et en quelques petites taches au quart apical rangees en series longitudinales. Dessous noiratre. Antennes a pubescence grise. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-7 mm - > Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile Mindanao : Davao et Zamboanga, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 14. Exocentrus echimys Pascoe Exocentrus echimys Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 30. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum deux fois plus large que long, eparsement et finement ponctue, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue dirigee tres obliquement vers rarriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune pale. Elytres avec une large bande transversale postmediane rouge fonce floue. Tiers apical des tibias bran fonce. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Morty (Morotai), au British Museum. 15. Exocentrus erinaceus Pascoe Exocentrus erinaceus Pascoe, 1863, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 1 : 529. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce. Elytres revetus de pubescence bran rougeatre fonce et marbres un 232 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT peu avant le milieu et sur le tiers apical de jaune paille. L'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : I mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu de Queensland : Port Denison, au British Museum. 16. Exocentrus lachrymosus Pascoe Exocentrus lachrymosus Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 29. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre cinq rangees longitudinales de petites taches jaune blanchatre. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Borneo : Sarawak, au British Museum. 17. Exocentrus insulicola nom. nov. Exocentrus insularis Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 42. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers I'arriere. Elytres assez densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun rougeatre, couvert de pubescence jaunatre. Pronotum avec deux taches obliques discales blanchatres floues. Elytres revetus de pubescence brune et ornes d'assez nombreuses taches oblongues blanches, condensees en une sorte de bande transversale mediane ondulee et faisaint defaut sur 1'emplacement d'une large bande transversale postmediane. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de 1'lle Banka : Mt. Mangkol, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 18. Exocentrus bauhiniae Fisher Exocentrus bauhiniae Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 37. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Tamere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun, couvert de pubescence jaune blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence bran rougeatre et ornes, chacun, d'une etroite bande longitudinale suturale et de cinq bandes longitudinales discale blanchatres largement interrompues apres le REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 233 milieu. Antennes a pubescence brun jaunatre, a pubescence un peu plus claire sur la partie basilaire des articles a partir du troisieme. Long. : 4-5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de Java : Kadiri, au Musee de Washington. Samarang, Buitenzoorg, etc. (Fisher). 19. Exocentrus hageni sp. n. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee vers Tamere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres tres densement et assez finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une tres eparse pubescence jaunatre. Elytres parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaune pale, rangees, sur chacun, en forme de sept series longitudinales. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Type de Sumatra : Serdang, Tandjong-Morawa, leg. D. B. Hagen, au Museum de Leiden. 20. Exocentrus enganensis Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) enganensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. voy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 8. Antennes a peine aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peii moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee obli- quement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues sur toute leur etendue. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence soyeuse grise. Ecusson borde en arriere de pubescence blanche. Elytres reve'tus de pubescence brun rougeatre et ornes de tres petites taches blanches, rangees, sur chacun, en forme de sept series longitudinales regulieres ; ces taches plus nombreuses pour former aussi deux etroites bandes transversales, une premediane qui remonte obliquement en direction de la marge externe et une mediane qui descend un peu en direction de la marge externe. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 4 et 5 a pubescence blanch atre. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Engano, au British Museum. 21. Exocentrus sublineatus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) sublineatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 7. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre une etroite bande suturale, six etroites bandes longitudinales discales atteignant presque le milieu, 234 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT trois bandes semblables parcourant le tiers apical et quelques tres petites laches entre ces deux series de bandes, toutes de couleur jaune pale. Long. : 4-5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Indochine : Saigon a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (coll. Frey). Cette espece se rapproche beaucoup de lineatus Bat., mais s'en distingue par Fepine laterale du pronotum moins troite et plus fortement recourbee, les bandes claires de la moitie anterieure de 1'elytre plus courtes, etc. 22. Exocentrus suturalis Pic Exocentrus suturalis Pic, 1926, Mel. exot. ent. 45 : 28. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee directement vers Farriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence grisatre. Elytres parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaune pale, rangees, sur chacun, en cinq series longitudinales, et avec une etroite bande suturale jaune pale. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. ; 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin a la coll. Pic. 23. Exocentrus albomaculatus Pic Exocentrus albomaculatus Pic, 1928, Mel. exot. ent. 51 : 29. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement re- courbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs et garnis de tres longs poils dresses. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brune. Elytres rouges et parsemes de taches circulaires blanches. Antennes bran fonce. Long. : 3 mm. ; Larg. : 3/4 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin a la coll. Pic. 24. Exocentrus pseudandamanensis sp. n. Exocentrus pseudandamanensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 8. Exocentrus andamanensis Fisher part., 1932, Stylops, 1 : 231. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 235 brun rougeatre et parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaune blanche, rangees, sur chacun, en forme de sept series longitudinales. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre. Long : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Type de Birmanie : Katha, Mohngin Res., au British Museum. Fisher identifie cet exemplaire avec andamanensis Fisher tout en parlant de differences. 25. Exocentrus downingi Fisher Exocentrus downingi Fisher, 1932, Stylops, 1 : 226. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une courte epine laterale peu pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et extremement finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brune. Les bords des yeux et la base du pro- notum a pubescence jaune pale. Elytres marbres de blanchatre dans le quart basilaire et dans le tiers apical et avec quelques tres petites taches blanchatres entre ces deux zones. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 4 a 9 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Tlnde : Nilghiri Hills, au British Museum. 26. Exocentrus beesoni Fisher Exocentrus beesoni Fisher, 1933, Ind. For. Rec. (4) 18 : 3. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale conique et pointue forte- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris clair. Ecusson a pubescence gris blan- chatre. Elytres et antennes revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre, les elytres par- semes de taches gris blanchatre floues couvrant la majeure partie de la moitie anterieure et formant une bande transversale preapicale ondulee. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 2 a 10 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 5-5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Madras, N. Salem, Ayur, au British Museum et au Musee de Washington. 27. Exocentrus transversifrons Fisher Exocentrus transversifrons Fisher, 1940, Ind. For. Rec. (2) 6 : 209. Antennes de moitie plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- 236 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT notum transverse, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale mince et pointue faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Brun couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Elytres densement marbres de brun. Long. : 6-7 mm. ; Larg. : 2-3 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Chakrata Range, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 28. Exocentrus tesselatus Perroud Exocentrus tesselatus Perroud, 1855, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon (2) 2 : 397 ; Mel. ex. 3 : 77. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue forte- ment recourbee. Elytres assez densement et extrmement finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Tte, pronotum, ecusson et scape a pubescence rousseatre. Elytres marbres, sauf dans la region apicale, de brun. Articles antennaires a partir du troisieme rembrunis a 1'apex. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Inde : Pondichery, dans la coll. Pic. 29 Exocentrus parrotiae Fisher Exocentrus parrotiae Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 304. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, tres eparsement et tres finement granule sur le disque, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Sur chaque elytre une tache discale postmediane oblique brun rougeatre. Articles antennaires a partir du troisieme rev6tus de pubescence brun rougeatre, mais de pubescence blanchatre sur la partie basilaire. Les poils dresses du dessus et des antennes sont noirs, ceux du bord lateral des elytres, du dessous et des pattes blancs. Long. : 7-8 mm. 1/4 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4-3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Kashmir : Upper Munda, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 30. Exocentrus klapperichi Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) klapperichi Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBl. osterr. u. schweiz. Ent. 8, No. 3 : 12. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue forte- REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 237 ment recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris jaune. Pronotum rouge au bord anterieur et au bord posterieur, revetu de pubescence brune. Sur chaque elytre deux bandes transversales zigzaguees brunes, une mediane qui s'elargit au bord lateral de facon a y occuper presque tous les deux tiers anterieurs, et une postmediane qui n'atteint pas la suture, ainsi qu'une petite tache preapicale subsuturale brune. Moitie apicale des tibias et les antennes a pubescence brune. Long. : 5-7 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu d'Afghanistan : Nuristan, Kutiau, dans la coll. Tippmann. Hindukusch : Chitral, Tal Bikir (Musee de Trieste). 31. Exocentrus kashmirensis Breuning Exocentrus kashmirensis Breuning, 1957, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey, 8 : 277. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert d'une pubescence jaunatre. Chaque elytre avec sept series longi- tudinales de petites taches jaune pale qui s'arr6tent a peu pres au milieu tout en y formant une bande transversale fortement ondulee, et, dans le tiers apical avec trois courtes bandes longitudinales discales, jaune pale. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre clair, la partie basilaire des articles 3 a 8 a pubescence jaunatre. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : I mm. 3/4. Type de Kaskmir : Kulu, 2300 m. alt., leg. C. Rost, dans la coll. Frey. Un Paratype (idem). 32. Exocentrus madecassus Fairmaire Exocentrus madecassus Fairmaire, 1880, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (5) 10 : 338. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum a ponctuation tres fine et extre'mement dense. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, faible- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge, le disque du pronotum sauf an bord anterieur et au bord posterieur, rembruni. Les cotes du pronotum et 1'ecusson converts d'une fine pubescence gris clair. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre clair et parsemes de petites taches gris blanchatres serrees vagues qui font defaut sur 1 'emplacement d'une assez grande tache postmediane suturale vague. L'extr&ne base des articles antennaires 3 a ii a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 5-6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Madagascar, au Museum de Paris. Suberbieville (Museum de Paris). 238 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 33. Exocentrus interruptefasciatus Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus interruptefasciatus Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit. 5 : 64. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur toute leur etendue. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Ecusson et moitie anterieure des elytres revetus presque entierement de pubescence jaune blanchatre. Moitie posterieure des elytres parsemee de petites taches jaune blanchatre rangees en series longitudinales et agglomerees le long de la suture. Moitie basilaire des tibias et les tarses, rouges. Le deuxieme article des antennes et la partie basilaire des articles 3 a n rouge et converts de fine pubescence jaune. Long : 4-4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2-1 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus de Zululand: Ubombo, Eteza (coll. Hunt). 34. Exocentrus lacteolus Distant Exocentrus lacteolus Distant, 1906, Ins. Transvaal : 166, fig. 26. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, peu rapprochee de la base et assez faiblement recourbee. Elytres finement et extre'mement densement ponctues. Rouge fonce. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches blanches disposees, sur chacun, en a peu pres sept rangees longitudinales. Pattes rouge fonce. L'extreme base des articles antennaires 3 a 9 a pubescence blanche. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Large. : 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Natal ; Durban au Musee de Pretoria. Rhodesia : Salisbury (British Museum). 35. Exocentrus ruficollis Lameere Exocentrus ruficollis Lameere, 1892, Ann. Soc. ent. belg. 37 : 508. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue peu forte- ment recourbee. Elytres finement et extre'mement densement ponctues. Noir, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Pronotum, ecusson et epipleures rouges et converts de pubescence rousseatre. Tout le quart apical le 1'elytre couvert d'une fine et eparse pubescence gris jaunatre. Sur chaque elytre une etroite bande trans- versale tres ondulee gris clair situee un peu avant le milieu. L'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 5-7 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/4 Decrit sur un individu du Congo a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Zambezi : Noca Choupanga pres Chemba (Museum de Paris) ; Afrique orientale anglaise : Xinavane (British Museum). REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 239 36. Exocentrus subruficollis Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) subruficollis Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 129. Proche de ruficollis Lameere, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum sensiblement plus fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse peu accusee et les elytres revetus d'une pubescence unicolore brun fonce. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. Repandu du Togo (Museum de Paris), au Victoria Nyanza (Musee de Tervueren) et au Gabon (Museum de Paris). 37. Exocentrus pseudoruficollis Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) pseudoruficollis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sci. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 8. Proche de ruficollis Lameere, mais plus petit, 1'epine laterale du pronotum plus courte et tres fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse peu accusee, les elytres tres finement ponctues et entierement d'un brun rouge clair, de meme que le dessous du corps, les pattes et les antennes. Long. : 4-6 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Cap, au British Museum. 38. Exocentrus trinigrovittatus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) trinigrovittatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 7. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez courte epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Noir. Tete et pronotum marbres de blanchatre et de brun noir. Ecusson et elytres revetus de pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de taches denudees minimes et ornes, chacun, de trois bandes transversales noires, une etroite basilaire s'elargissant en direction de la suture, une assez large postmediane faiblement ondulee et une apicale peu large. Tarses et antennes a pubescence noire, le deuxieme article des antennes et la partie basilaire des articles 3 a 10 a pubescence blanche. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu du Tanganyika : Shinyanga, au British Museum. 39. Exocentrus asmarensis sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement re- courbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Elytres ornes d'une bande transversale postmediane brun rougeatre formant sur les deux elytres un grand M. Moitie apicale des tibias et les derniers articles antennaires d'un brun assez fonce. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Type d'Erithree : Asmara, dans la coll. Frey. 240 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 40. Exocentrus ugandicola Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) ugandicola Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg., 34, No. 22. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum deux f ois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue et recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun noir, convert de pubescence jaune pale. Vertex et disque du pronotum, sauf une assez large bande longitudinale prothoracique denudee, revetus de pubescence jaune. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches circulaires brun noir et ornes, chacun, d'une large bande transversale postmediane brun fonce s'amincissant beaucoup dans le tiers sutural, et de deux taches brun fonce : une discale proche de la suture et une laterale, preapicales. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les antennes a partir du troisieme article a pubescence brun noir, le quart basilaire des articles anten- naires 3 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 5-6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Uganda : Mpanga, au British Museum. 41. Exocentrus ochreopunctatus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) ochreopunctatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 129. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee oblique- ment vers Farriere. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues. Noir, couvert de pubescence noire ; le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum rougeatres. Elytres vaguement marbres de gris blanchatre et ornes de tres petites taches circulaires nettes ochracees, rangees en forme de deux etroites bandes transversales ondulees, une postbasilaire et une postmediane. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 7 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Ruanda : Gabiro, au Musee de Tervueren. 42. Exocentrus josephi Duvivier Exocentrus josephi Duvivier, 1890, Ann. Soc. ent. belg. 34 : 38 ; Bull. Soc. ent. Belg. 1890 : 197. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale mince et assez longue, dirigee vers Tamere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert de pubescence gris tirant sur le rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre une etroite bande transversale postmediane blanche faiblement ondulee. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. 2/3 ; Larg. : 2 mm. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 241 Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Leopoldville, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 43. Exocentrus grisescens Jordan Exocentrus grisescens Jordan, 1894, Novit. Zool. 1 : 246. Exocentrus ortmansi Gahan, 1917, Bull. Ent. Research, 8 : 117. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence bran fonce vaguement entremelee de gris clair sur le disque des elytres. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees, disposees en series longitudinales. Articles antennaires a partir du troisieme reve'tus de pubescence gris blanchatre. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2-7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/3-2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de Gabon : Kuilu, au Museum de Paris. Mayumbe (Gahan). Exocentrus ortmansi Gah. est un synonyme. 44. Exocentrus decellei Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) decellei Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 127. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence soyeuse jaunatre. Elytres reve'tus de pubescence brun fonce et parsemes de petites taches de pubescence soyeuse jaunatre, ces taches plus nombreuses le long de la suture et en forme de trois larges bandes trans- versales ondulees, une postbasilaire, une mediane et une postmediane. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les antennes revetus de pubescence brun fonce, les deux premiers articles des antennes et la base des articles 3 et 4 a pubescence soyeuse jaunatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-5 mm - I / 2 Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Yangambi, au Musee de Tervueren. 45. Exocentrus massarti Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) massarti Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 127. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, forte- ment recourbee. Elytres tres densement de tres finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Ecusson revetu de pubescence jaunatre. Sur chaque elytre trois larges bandes transversales ondulees, une post- ENTOM. 7. 5. 13 242 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT basilaire, une mediane et une postmediane, et une tache apico-suturale formees par 1'agglomeration de nombreuses petit es taches jaunatres. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Lualaba, Kaniama, au Musee de Tervueren. 46. Exocentrus fuscosignatus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.} fuscosignatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 128. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee oblique- ment vers 1'arriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale proeminente, mais obtuse. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brune. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune pale a 1'exception d'une large bande transversale postmediane bran fonce qui n'atteint pas tout a fait la suture et de deux assez grandes taches bran fonce, une basilaire situee a cote de 1'ecusson et une latero-premediane. Tiers basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 6 couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. 47. Exocentrus plagiatus Hintz Exocentrus plagiatus Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 630. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre, ornes de nombreuses taches jaune blanchatre disposees en series longi- tudinales et couvrant presque entierement la moitie laterale, parsemes de taches minimes denudees disposees egalement en series longitudinales et pourvus, chacun, d'une assez grande tache discale postmediane bran rougeatre fonce en ovale allonge. Articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre, leur partie basilaire a pubescence jaune paille. Long.: 6-8 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4-3 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Sankuru, a ITnstitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Mayidi (Musee de Tervueren) ; Lac Upemba region (Pares Nationaux) . 48. Exocentrus subplagiatus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) subplagiatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 128. Proche de plagiatus Hintz, mais plus petit, 1'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee plus fortement vers 1'arriere, la tache postmediane foncee de 1'elytre precedee de REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 243 pubescence blanchatre et les articles antennaires 4 a n sans pubescence jaune paille sur la partie basilaire. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Moto, au Musee de Tervueren. 49. Exocentrus bialbomarmoratus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) bialbomarmoratus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 129. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite et mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et tres fine- ment ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Noir, couvert de pubescence noire. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Les elytres presentent des marbrures blanchatres dans la moitie anterieure et sur une bande transversale preapicale. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Tshela, au Musee de Tervueren. 50. Exocentrus albosticticus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) albosticticus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 128. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue et mince epine laterale faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et assez finement ponctues. Brun noir, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Pronotum rouge. Elytres ornes de tres petites taches blanchatres, disposees de fagon a former deux bandes transversales ondulees, un premediane et une postmediane. Partie basilaire des articles anten- naires 3 a ii a pubescence blanche. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Elisabeth ville, au Musee de Tervueren. 51. Exocentrus hallei Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) hallei Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 128. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee fortement vers I'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun grisatre. Sur chaque elytre sept series longitudinales de petites taches blanchatres. Elytres ornes en plus d'une etroite bande transversale mediane brune en forme de M. Antennes a pubescence brune, le deuxieme article et la partie basilaire des articles 3 a 11 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Cote d'lvoire : Adiopodoume, dans la coll. Lepesme. 244 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 52. Exocentrus m-fuscus Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) m-fuscus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 126. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers rarriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Bran fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Sur chaque elytre trois assez petites taches bran foncee : une latero-posthumerale, une latero-preapicale et une disco-preapicale ainsi qu'une etroite bande transversale mediane bran fonc6 formant avec celle de 1'elytre oppose un grand M ; cette bande, ainsi que la tache disco- preapicale sont bordees en avant de pubescence blanche. Tiers apical des tibias et les tarses bran fonce. Les trois quarts apicaux des articles antennaires 3 a n a pubescence bran fonce. Long. : 8 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Tohouapa, Boende, au Musee de Tervueren. 53. Exocentrus ziczac Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) ziczac Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 6, fig. 5. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brane entremelee de jaunatre. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales zigzaguees blanches, une postbasilaire tres peu apparente, une postmediane assez large descendant en oblique en direction de la suture et une preapicale. Quart basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du quat- rieme revfitu de pubescence blanche. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 3 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Ja River, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 54. Exocentrus freyi Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) freyi Breuning, 1955, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey, 1 : 665. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, tres eparsement et tres finement ponctue, pourvu d'une tres petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres, sauf dans la partie apicale, densement et tres finement ponctues. Bran fonce couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale zigzaguee blanche, peu large situee juste apres le milieu. Le tiers basil- REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 245 aire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanche, les deux tiers apicaux de ces articles a pubescence brun fonce. Long. : 8-10 mm. ; Larg. : 3-3 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de Guinee francaise : N'Zerekore, dans la coll. Frey. Dahomey (coll. Lepesme). FIG. i. Exocentrus occidentalis Breuning. 55. Exocentrus occidentalis Breuning Exocentrus (s. s.) occidentalis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 6. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, retreci vers la base et pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge, convert d'une fine pubescence jaune paille. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches circulaires brun fonce et ornes, chacun, d'une grande tache discale circulaire postmediane brun fonce assez vague. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses 246 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT et les antennes bran noir, le deuxieme article des antennes, le tiers basilaire des articles 3 et 4 et le quart basilaire des articles 5 a 7, rouges. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Senegal : Thies, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 2. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE CAMPTOMYME PASCOE Camptomyme Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Land. (3) 3 : 27, 43. Camptomyme Pascoe, Lacordaire, 1872, Gen. Col. 9 : 801, 815. Exocentrus Sousgenre Striatoexocentrus Breuning, 1955, Ann. Mus. civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 68 : 42. Exocentrus Sousgenre Camptomyme Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. Troisieme articles des antennes aussi long que le quatrieme. Les points sur les elytres ranges, tout au moins en majeure partie, en series longitudinales. Elytres arrondis a Tape. Type callioides Pascoe. 56. Exocentrus rufotibialis Breuning Exocentrus rufotibialis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. not. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 10. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux a peine deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Tte et pronotum tres densement et extremement finement ponctues. Elytres tres densement et grossierement ponctues, ces points non serialement disposes sur le quart sutural. Rouge fonce ; 1'epaule, la moitie basilaire des articles antennaires trois et quatre, rouge clair. Le dessus couvert d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches serres denudees. Sur chaque elytre une assez etroite bande transversale ondulee brune, peu apparente. Pattes rouge fonce. La moitie basilaire des articles antennaires trois et quatre et la base des articles suivants a pubescence blanche. Long.: 8 mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. Type du Senegal, ex coll. Laferte, au British Museum. 57. Exocentrus guineensis Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) guineensis Breuning, 1955, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey, 6 : 666. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, comparativement fines, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, tres fortement recourbee, dirigee directement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues dans la moitie anterieure, les points serialement disposes. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 247 Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brune, entremelee de jaune pale. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Elytres couverts de pubescence jaune pale et ornes, chacun, d'une large bande longitudinale laterale d'un brun assez fonce, parcourant la moitie anterieure et reliee a une large bande transversale postmediane fortement sinuee, de meme couleur, qui n'atteint pas la suture. Antennes a pubescence brune. L'extreme base des articles a partir du troisieme, a pubescence blanche. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de Guinee francaise : N'Zerekore dans la coll. Frey. 58. Exocentrus univittatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) univittatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 15, fig. 8. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, assez fortes, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, tres eparsement et peu finement ponctue, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Sur chaque elytre une bande trans- versale postmediane blanche, qui remonte obliquement de la suture en direction de la marge externe. Moitie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme, a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 9 mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Gold Coast : Kumassi (Newbery), a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 59. Exocentrus chevaugeoni Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) chevaugeoni Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, epaisses, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Brun fonce. Chaque elytre avec deux bandes transversales blanchatres floues, une postbasilaire et une postmediane, cette derniere descendant obliquement en direction de la marge externe. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 a 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Cote d'lvoire : Adiopodoume, de la coll. Lepesme. 60. Exocentrus maiae Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) maiae Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 128. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, epaisses, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale conique, legerement dirigee 248 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points de la moitie laterale separes par des intervalles tres faiblement convexes. Brun fonce luisant. L'extreme base du troisieme article des antennes et le quart basilaire du quatrieme article reve'tus de pubescence blanche. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Cote d'lvoire : Adiopodoume, de la coll. Lepesme. 61. Exocentrus latefasciatipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme} latefasciatipennis Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst.roy.Sc.Nat.34,No.22. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale fortement recourbee. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence bran rougeatre fonce. Bord anterieur et bord posterieur du pronotum, rouges. Sur chaque elytre deux larges bandes trans- versales blanchatres, une postbasilaire et une post mediane. Quart basilaire des tibias, le deuxieme article des antennes et la partie basilaire des articles 3 a 9 rouge clair et revetus d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 4mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Cote d'lvoire : Bouake, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 62. Exocentrus fernandopoanus Baguena & Breuning sp.n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, tres densement et extre'mement finement ponctue, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans la moitie anterieure. Brun noir luisant. Pattes et antennes rouges. Sur chaque elytre deux etroites bandes transversales blanches, une postbasilaire courbee vers Tamere dans le quart sutural et une mediane courbee vers 1'avant dans le quart sutural, les deux se joignant en courbe reguliere pres de la suture. Long.: 2 mm. 1/4 ; Larg.: 3/4 mm. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Fernando Poo (leg. Baguena), au Musee de Madrid. Cette espece m'a etc aimablement communique par Monsieur Baguena-Corella, lequel a collabore a la description ; je tiens a lui exprimer ici mes vifs remerciements. 63. Exocentrus minimus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) minimus Breuning, 1956, Mitt. Munch, ent. Ges. 46 : 83. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus que les joues. Pronotum REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 249 transverse, fortement retreci vers la base, pourvu d'une mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues. Rouge clair. Chaque elytre avec deux bandes transversales blanchatres ondulees et tres peu apparentes, une premediane et une post mediane. Long.: 2 mm.; Larg. i m. Decrit sur un individu de Nigeria : Lagos, au Musee de Munique. 64. Exocentrus decorsei sp. n. Antennes assez fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longues que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, pas tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points rangees en series longitudinales assez regulieres. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence grise a reflets soyeux, cette pubescence condensee sur chaque elytre a plusieures bandes transversales ondulees assez floues, dont deux sont situees dans la moitie apicale, 1'une juste apres 1'autre. Antennes brun fonce. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. Type de la Boucle di Niger : Douentra (Dounzou) au nord du 14 de lat., 1907, leg. Dr. Decorse, au Museum de Paris. Un Paratype (idem). 65. Zxocentrus subarmatus Baguena & Breuning sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points ranges en series longitudinales regulieres. Femurs tres epais. D'un brun noir luisant. Long.: 2 mm. 2/3 ; Larg.: i mm. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Fernando Poo (leg. Baguena), au Musee de Madrid. Cette espece m'a ete aimablement communique par Monsieur Baguena-Corella. 66. Exocentrus armatus Hintz Exocentrus armatus Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 630. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, epaisses, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale fortement recourbee et d'une bosse laterale obtuse situee avant cette epine. Elytres densement et finement ponc- tues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points disposes en series longitudinales regu- tues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points disposes en series longitudinales regulieres. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun fonce. Dessous du corps et pattes rouge fonce. 250 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Cameroun: N'Kongsamba (coll. Ardoin). 67. Exocentrus femoralis Hintz Exocentrus fe moralis Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 630. Antennes assez epaisses, aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee, tres convexe a son bord anterieur. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points irregulierement disposes dans le tiers sutural, disposes en series longitudinales peu regulieres sur les deux tiers lateraux, les epaules finement granules. Femurs tres claviformes. Brun fonce ; le dessous du corps, les hanches et la base des femurs, rouge clair, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence blanchatre. L'ecusson a pubescence blanchatre plus dense. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Douala, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Congo beige : Yangambi (Mayne). 68. Exocentrus nitens Jordan. Exocentrus nitens Jordan, 1903, Novit. Zool. 10 : 189. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, assez fortes, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, fortement retreci vers la base, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue moderement recourbee et d'une bosse obtuse tres faiblement accusee, situee avant cette epine. Elytres tres finement granules sur la partie basilaire, ensuite densement et extremement finement ponctues jusqu'au milieu, les points assez regulierement alignes. Brun rougeatre fonce luisant. Front, sterna, pattes et trois premiers articles antennaires rouge clair. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Sur chaque elytre deux etroites bandes transversales blanches peu regulieres, une basilaire et une postbasilaire legerement incurvee vers Farriere a la suture, toutes deux formes de tres petites taches. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: 3/4 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Lolodorf, au Museum de Paris. 69. Exocentrus subnitens sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, assez fortes, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, fortement retreci vers la base, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale dirigee presque directement vers Tamere. Elytres REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 251 densement et peu finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points assez regulierement align.es. Noir luisant. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: 3/4 mm. Type du Cameroun, leg. Conradt, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 70. Exocentrus strigosus Jordan Exocentrus strigosus Jordan, 1903, Novit. Zool. 10 : 189. Exocentrus maculatus Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 631. Exocentrus marmoratus Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped., 1 : 631. Exocentrus (Camptomyme) strigosus Jordan, Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 16. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, assez fortes, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee et d'une bosse obtuse laterale situee avant cette pine. Ely- tres densement et finement ponctues presque jusqu'au bord apical, les points assez regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Chaque elytre avec trois bandes transversales grises, irregulieres et interrompues par places, une postbasilaire, une premediane et une postmediane. L'extre'me base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/4-1 mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Lolodorf, au Museum de Paris. maculatus Hintz et marmoratus Hintz, decrits chacun sur un individu en mauvais etat du Cameroun a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, semblent des synonymes. 71. Exocentrus conradti Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) conradti Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 15 Antennes comparativement peu fortes, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, assez longue et tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence d'un brun assez fonce. Ecusson a pubescence jaune pale. Elytres parsemes de petites taches jaune pale, disposees en rangees longitudinales. Sur chaque elytre en outre deux assez larges bandes resultant de 1' agglomeration de plusieures petites taches jaune pale, une premediane remontant tres obliquement de la suture en direction de 1'epaule et une preapicale descendant legerement de la suture vers la marge externe. L'extre"me base des articles anten- naires a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/4. 252 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Johann Albrechtshohe, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 72. Exocentrus ruficornis Hintz Exocentrus ruficornis Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 631. Antennes moderement fortes, un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement moins longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale tres fortement recourbee. Elytres ties densement et tres finement ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, les palpes et les pattes plutot rouges, couvert de pubescence bran rougeatre. L'ecusson a pubescence blanche. Chaque elytre avec deux etroites bandes transversales blanchatres tres fortement ondulees, une postbasilaire vague et peu apparente et une mediane assez nette. Les trois premiers articles des antennes d'un rouge assez clair. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 73. Exocentrus nigricollis Hintz Exocentrus nigricollis Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 630. Antennes moderement fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, rangees en series longitudinales regulieres. Brun fonce, le pronotum marbre de jaune pale. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune paille, parsemes de taches minimes brunes et ornes, chacun, de quatre taches brunes, une basilaire discale, une allongee postbasilaire laterale, la plus petite, une large postmediane de forme irreguliere, la plus grande atteignant parfois presque la suture et une apicale. Pattes rouges a pubescence jaune paille. Antennes rouges a pubescence brun rougeatre clair, la base des articles a partir du quatrieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Congo Beige : Kasengi, Albertville, Rutshuru (Musee de Tervueren). 74. Exocentrus seriatus Jordan Exocentrus seriatus Jordan, 1903, Novit. Zool. 10 : 189. Antennes peu fortes, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, tres REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 253 fortement recourbee et d'une bosse obtuse laterale peu accusee, situee avant cette epine. Elytre densement et tres finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, eparsement a partir du milieu, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun rougeatre clair. Elytres parsemes de petites taches jaune pale, rangees, sur chacun, en sept series longitudinales regulieres, ces taches plus eparses sur I'emplacement d'une bande postmediane transversale peu large. En plus sur chaque elytre une tache suturale preapicale jaune pale plus grande. Scape rouge clair, le base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Cameroun : Johann Albrechtshohe, au Museum de Paris. 75. Exocentrus albosignatus Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus albosignatus Lepesme & Breuning, 1953, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. : 102. Antennes sensiblement moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, tres densement et tres finement ponctue dans sa moitie posterieure et pourvu d'une tres petite epine laterale fortement recour- bee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points serialement alignes. Noir luisant. Elytres parsemes de petites taches blanches. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires, a partir du troisieme, couverte de pubescence blanche. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus de Cote d'lvoire : Adiopodoume (Museum de Paris et coll. Lepesme). 76. Exocentrus subfasciatus Jordan Exocentrus subfasciatus Jordan, 1894, Novit. Zool. 1 : 247. Exocentrus undulatofasciatus Lepesme & Breuning, 1953, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. : 102, fig. 5. Exocentrus (Camptomyme) subfasciatus Jordan, Lepesme & Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. noire, 18, s6r. A, No. 4 : 1134. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points subaiignes. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune paille, entremelee sur le disque du pronotum de brun rougeatre clair. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees. Elytres ornes de plusieures bandes transversales blanchatres tres ondulees, laissant libre surtout une etroite bande transversale postmediane tres ondulee. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge clair, leur moitie apicale et les tarses brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun rouge fonce, la partie basilaire des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. 254 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Long.: 4-5 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2 a 2 mm. Decrit par Jordan sur un individu du Gabon : Kuilu, au Museum de Paris. Cote d'lvoire Adiopodoume (Museum de Paris) ; He Fernando Poo (Musee de Genes); Cameroun (Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique). Exocentrus undulatofasciatus Lepesme & Breuning est un synonyme. 77. Exocentrus nonymoides Jordan Exocentrus nonymoides Jordan, 1894, Nov. Zool. 1 : 246. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points ranges en series longitudinales sauf dans le tiers sutural. Brun fonce, revtu de pubescence brun fonce. Elytres parsemes de tres petites tach.es blanchatres, rangees en series longitudinales et condensees, sur chaque elytre, a une etroite bande transversale mediane tres ondulee. La base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long.: 5-7 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: I mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Gabon : Kuilu, au Museum de Paris. Repandu du Dahomey au Congo beige. 78. Exocentrus coeruleus Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus) coeruleus Breuning, 1955, Ann. Mus. civ. Stor, Nat. Genova, 68 : 42. FIG. 2. Exocentrus coeruleus Breuning. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 255 Antennes assez fortes, peine aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape, les articles cinq a sept un peu plus forts que les autres articles. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, tres finement chagrine, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee et d'une bosse laterale obtuse situee avant cette epine. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Noir, les elytres d'un bleu fonce metallique. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Congo francais : Fernand Vaz, au Musee de Genes. Gabon : Ivinda (Museum de Paris) ; Congo beige : Mayidi (Musee de Tervueren). 79. Exocentrus albostriatus Hintz Exocentrus albostriatus Hintz, 1919, Ergebn. d. II. Centr. Afr. Exped. 1 : 63. Antennes fortes, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee presque directement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues presque jusqu'au bord apical, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence rougeatre. Elytres ornes de nombreuses bandes longitudinales lineiformes jaune blanchatres, interrompues par places. Pattes et antennes rouge fonce. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur des individus du Cameroun, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 80. Exocentrus leucostriatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) leucostriatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 133. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue forte- ment recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse mais bien accusee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, la moitie laterale de 1'elytre rouge clair. Sur chaque elytre sept etroites bandes longitudinales blanches. Tibias rouge clair : 1'extreme base des articles antennaires 3 a 8 a pubescence blanche. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Tshela au Musee de Tervueren. Benza- Masola, Yangambi (idem) ; Guinee espagnole : Ndeok (Musee de Madrid) ; Gabon : Lambarene (Museum de Paris). 256 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 81. Exocentrus leucolineatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) leucolineatus Breuning, 1956, Butt. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 133. Proche de leucostriatus Breuning, mais le pronotum ne presente pas de bosse laterale precedant 1'epine laterale, et la partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a ii couverte en assez large etendue de pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. 82. Exocentrus latevittipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) latevittipennis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8: ii. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale assez longue et pointue legerement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points subalignes. Brun fonce, convert de pubescence brun fonce. Disque du pronotum orne de deux taches discales medianes dorees incurvees (a concavite du cote lateral). Sur chaque elytre le tiers lateral du tiers anterieur et le quart apical sont tres densement marbres d'ochrace. Dessous du corps et pattes a pubescence grise. Quart basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 10 reve'tu de pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 4mm.; Larg.: 2mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Lukolela, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique^ 83. Exocentrus multivittatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme} multivittatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 131. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale dirigee obliquement vers Tarriere. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs, les points plus ou moins serialement disposes. Rouge, convert de pubescence brune. Pronotum marbre de jaune paille. Ecusson a pubescence jaune pale. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales ondulees jaune pale, une postbasilaire, une mediane et une postmediane et une tache apicale de me'me couleur. Base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 257 84. Exocentrus vagemaculatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) vagemaculatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : ii. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps ; le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long et pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recour- bee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sur les trois quarts lateraux, subalignes sur le quart sutural. Rouge. Tete et disque du pronotum sauf a son bord anterieur et a son bord poste- rieur, brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre une tache triangulaire postscutellaire, une grande tache laterale premediane et une tache discale postmediane plus petite, d'un brun assez fonce, mais ces taches sont assez vagues. Antennes rembrunis sauf a la base des articles 3 a n. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.r 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Lukolela, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 85. Exocentrus niger sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum a ponctuation extremement dense et extremement fine. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, fortement retreci vers la base, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes dans les deux tiers lateraux. Noir luisant. Les bords lateraux de 1'ecusson rougeatre a fine pubescence noire. Long.: 3-4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Type du Congo beige: Lusinga, i-8.xii.i947, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Un Paratype (idem). 86. Exocentrus rufus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) rufus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 130. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. D'un rouge uniforme, la base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mayidij au Musee de Tervueren. Tshuapa : Flandria (idem). ENTOM. 7. 5. 14 258 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 87. Exocentrus subrufus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) subrufus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 130. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Tete et antennes reve'tues de pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 a 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2 a i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi au Musee de Tervueren. 88. Exocentrus rufobasicornis Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) rufobasicornis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 9. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points, sauf dans le quart sutural et sur la partie apicale, serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une fine et eparse pubescence gris blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees. Les premiers articles antennaires rouge clair, les articles a partir du quatrieme revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Lukolela, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 89. Exocentrus nigrescens Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) nigrescens Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 130. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Farriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale anguleusement proeminente. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points subserialement disposes. Noir mat. Elytres luisants. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Sur chaque elytre deux etroites bandes transversales blanches, une postbasilaire et une mediane. Quart basilaire du quatrieme article des antennes a pubescence blanche. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 259 90. Exocentrus vagesticticus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) vagesticticus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 132. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun noir, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Pronotum rouge. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches blanchatres peu apparentes, ranges en forme de deux bandes transversales, une postbasilaire ondulee et une postmediane qui descend obliquement de la suture en direction de la marge externe. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-4 rnm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. 91. Exocentrus schoutedeni Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) schoutedeni Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 131. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers I'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs les points serialement disposes. Noir ; hanches et partie basilaire des femurs rouge. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Elytres ornes de dessins blancs. Sur chaque elytre une petite tache suturo- post- scutellaire, une petite tache latero-posthumerale et deux etroites bandes transver- sales, une postbasilaire et une mediane droites dans la moitie laterale, sensiblement inclinees Tune vers 1'autre sans toutefois se toucher dans la moitie suturale. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mongende, au Musee de Tervueren. 92. Exocentrus vaneyeni Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme} vaneyeni Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 132. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins serialement disposes sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. Brun noir. Pronotum rouge, rembruni souvent au centre. Sur chaque elytre deux assez larges bandes transversales ondulees blanchatres peu apparentes, une postbasilaire et une juste apres le milieu. Long.: 3-4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. Lukombe (idem}. 260 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 93. Exocentrus albostictipennis nom. nov. Exocentrus (Camptomyme) albosticticus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33 : n. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum faiblement transverse, pourvu d'une tres petite epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Noir, garni de poils dresses noirs. Elytres rouge fonce et parsemes de petites taches blanches sur les deux tiers anterieurs, ces taches plus serres au bord posterieur du deuxieme tiers. Pattes et antennes rouge fonce. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Elisabethville, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 94. Exocentrus flavofasciatus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) flavofasciatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 131. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Tamere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. T6te brun fonce. Pronotum rouge. Elytres brun jaunatre et ornes, chacun, d'une assez large bande transversale premediane jaune qui remonte obliquement de la suture en direction de la marge externe. Antennes rouge fonce. Long.: 3-4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Mayidi, au Musee de Tervueren. 95. Exocentrus variegatus Duvivier Exocentrus variegatus Duvivier, 1891, Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 35 ; Bull.: 421 ; 1892, Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 36 : 365. Exocentrus brevis Jordan, 1894, Novit. Zool. 1 : 247. Exocentrus bifasciatus Lepesme & Breuning, 1953, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. : 101. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois ou quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, tres fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale anguleuse. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points, sauf dans le quart sutural, serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune pale, tres fine sur le pronotum, disposee sur les elytres sous forme de neuf assez larges bandes transversales peu regulieres. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees. Articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 261 Long.: 4-5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: I mm. 1/4-1 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Ibembo, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Repandu de Cote d'lvoire au Transvaal et du Transvaal jusqu'en Abyssinie. Exocentrus brevis Jordan et bifasciatus Lepesme & Breuning sont des synonymes. 96. Exocentrus grossepunctatus Breuning Exocentrus grossepunctatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. not. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 10. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque deux fois plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum tres densement et extremement finement ponctues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une courte epine laterale conique pointue ; fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et grossierement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs, finement dans le cinquieme apical, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Occiput rouge. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales blanchatres floues, une assez large postbasilaire, une etroite mediane fortement ondulee et une tres large preapicale. Les poils dresses du dessus du corps noirs, ceux du bord lateral des elytres, du dessous et des pattes blancs. La partie basilaire des tibias rougeatre. Les deux tiers basilaires des articles antennaires 3 et 4 et le tiers basilaire des articles suivants a pubescence blanche. Long.: 8 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit de Rhodesie : Plumtrees, 21. x. 1905, leg. S. O.Neil, au British Museum. 97. Exocentrus echinulus Gahan Exocentrus echinulus Gahan, 1904, Distant, Ins. Transvaal : 156, pi. 15, fig. 12. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Tete et pronotum a ponctuation tres dense et extremement fine. Elytres tres densement et grossierement ponctues, les points plus ou moins regulierement alignes. Rouge fonce, 1'epaule, la moitie basilaire des tibias et les articles antennaires 3 et 4 rouge clair. Le dessus couvert d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees serrees. Sur chaque elytre une assez etroite bande transversale postmediane ondulee brune. La moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les antennes a pubescence brun fonce. La moitie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 et 4 et la base des articles suivants a pubescence blanche. Long.: 8 mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Transvaal : Waterberg District, au Musee de Pretoria. Natal : Ladysmith (coll. Hunt) ; Betschuanaland : Sekhuma (coll. Frey). 262 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 98. Exocentrus exiguus Gahan Exocentrus exiguus Gahan, 1904, Ins. Transvaal : 156, pi. 15, fig. 14. Proche d'echinulus Gahan, mais sensiblement plus petit, les antennes moins longues que le corps. L'epaule non rouge, 1'epine laterale du pronotum un peu moins recourbee ; sur chaque elytre en plus quelques taches brunes entre la bande postmediane et 1'apex., la bande situee un peu plus en avant. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Transvaal : Waterberg District, au Musee de Pretoria. 99. Exocentrus aureomaculatus Aurivillius Exocentrus aureomaculatus Aurivillius, 1914, Ark. f. Zool. 9/8 : 14. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux cinq fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Noir, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Elytres ornes de nombreuses assez petites taches quadrangulaires gris clair disposees, sur chacun, en six series longi- tudinales. L'ecusson et les premieres et la derniere taches de la sixieme rangee de couleur dore-ochrace vif, la derniere tache de la cinquieme rangee jaune. L'extre'me base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanche. Long.: 7 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Nyassaland : Mlanje au British Museum. 100. Exocentrus rhodesianus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) rhodesianus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 14 ; 1956, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 61 : 175. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, peu fortes, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce, entremelee d'un peu de gris. Ecusson reve'tu de pubescence blanche. Sur chaque elytre deux assez larges bandes transversales blanches : une premediane descendant tres obliquement de 1'epaule en direction de la suture et une postmediane faiblement ondulee. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge clair. La partie basilaire du scape et des articles antennaires a partir du cinquieme, le deuxieme article et le tiers basilaire des articles 3 et 4, rouge clair et converts de pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/4. D6crit sur un individu de South Rhodesie : Khami, au Musee de Bulawayo. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 263 1 01. Exocentrus subseriatus Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus subseriatus Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit, 5 : 66. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes Inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points seiialement disposes. Tete noiratre. Pronotum rouge. Elytres rouge fence", couverts d'une pubescence brun fonce et ornes dans la moitie anterieure de nombreuses petites taches blanches rangees en series longitudinales, de quelques taches pareilles le long de la suture dans le quart apical et de plusieures taches pareilles en forme d'une bande trans- versale postmediane peu large. Les pattes rouge clair. Les articles antennaires 2 a 4 rouge clair, les articles 7 a n brun fonce, les autres articles d'un rouge assez clair, rembrunis partiellement. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Zululand : Mlubhove (leg. Hunt), dans la coll. Hunt. 102. Exocentrus fuscosignatipennis Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus fuscosignatipennis Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit. 6:65. Antennes comparativement fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine aussi long que le premier. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, le points, sauf au quart sutural, disposes serialement. Rouge fonce, convert de pubescence brun fonce. Ecusson a pubescence jaune paille. Elytres, pattes et antennes rouges, revetus de pubescence brune. Elytres parsemes de petites taches jaune paille serrees rangees en series longitudinales et ornes, chacun, d'une tache longitudinale brun fonce a cote de 1'ecusson et d'une bande transversale postmediane brun fonce fortement ondulee. Le tiers apical des tibias et les tarses a pubescence brun fonce. L'extre'me des articles antennaires & partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune paille. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus de Natal : Richmond (leg. Hunt), dans la coll. Hunt. 103. Exocentrus substrigosus Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus substrigosus Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit, 5 : 67. Exocentrus inclusus Fahraeus (nee Pascoe), 1872, Oefvers. Vet. Ak. Fork. 29/2 : 49. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, comparativement fines, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse 264 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT laterale obtuse a peine accusee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues presque jusqu'au bord apical, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum, les tibias et les antennes, sauf les derniers articles, rouges. Ecusson couvert de pubescence blanche. Chaque elytre orne de deux assez larges bandes transversales blanchatres, une preme- diane qui remonte obliquement en direction de la marge externe et une postmediane fortement ondulee. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Natal : Richmond (leg. Hunt), dans la coll. Hunt. 104. Exocentrus murinus (Hintz i.l.) Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) murinus (Hintz i.l.) Breuning, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 16. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points regulierement alignes sur les trois quarts lateraux. Tete et pronotum rouges a pubescence soyeuse jaunetre. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune paille, parsemes de nombreuses tres petites taches denudees et ornes, chacun de trois taches brunes assez floues, une basilaire discale, une post- mediane laterale et une apicale., Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Type du Natal a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Durban (Museum de Paris) ; Zululand (British Museum). 105. Exocentrus subinclusus Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus subinclusus Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit. 5 : 65. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, comparativement fines, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une tres mince epine laterale faible- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales ondulees gris blanchatres : une postbasilaire, une premediane et une postmediane, les deux anterieures tres rapprochees 1'une de 1'autre et remontant faiblement en direction de 1'epaule. La partie basilaire des tibias et I'extre'me base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme, rouges. Long.: 3-4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/4.1 mm. 2-3. Decrit sur des individus de Natal : Richmond (leg. Hunt) dans la coll. Hunt. Zululand : Kambala (idem). REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 265 var. latefasciatus Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) subinclusus Hunt & Breuning var. latefasciata Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban, Mus. Novit. 5 : 66. Comme la forme typique, mais la bande postmediane blanchatre de 1'elytre droite, non ondulee et encore plus large. Natal : Queenstown (leg. Hunt) (coll. Hunt). 106. Exocentrus sjostedti Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus) sjostedti Breuning, 1955, Ark. f. Zool. (2) 7, No. 29 : 590. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, comparativement fines, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le premier. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, tres fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Ely tres densement et finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins serialement disposes. Rouge, convert d'une fine pubescence soyeuse grise, cette pubescence condensee sur les elytres pour y former plusieures bandes transversales ondulees floues, dont deux situees dans la moitie apicale, 1'une juste apres 1'autre. Antennes rouge clair. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. Decrit sur un individu du Tanganyika : Mt. Meru, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. 107. Exocentrus orientalis Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus) orientalis Breuning, 1955, Ark. f. Zool. (2) 7, No. 29 : 589. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee presque directement vers I'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge fonce, le dessus du corps et le scape converts d'une pubescence gris blan- chatre entremelee de jaunatre sur le disque du pronotum. Dessous du corps, pattes et le restant des antennes a pubescence jaune pale. Elytres parsemes de petites taches denudees et ornes, chacun d'une bande transversale postmediane brun rougeatre descendant tres obliquement en direction de la suture et d'une large bande longitudinale laterale brun rougeatre parcourant les deux tiers anterieurs. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme revetue de pubescence blanchatre, en plus large etendue sur les articles 3 a 9. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Tanganyika : Namupa, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. 2 66 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 108. Exocentrus jeanneli Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus] jeanneli Breuning, 1955, Rev. franc. d'Ent. 22 : 121, fig. 2. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, tres densement et extremement finement ponctue, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf dans le tiers sutural. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence rousseatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune paille, entremelee de blanchatre et parsemes de tres petites taches denudees, rangees en series longitudinales ; le tiers sutural de la moitie anterieure et une large bande transversale postmediane qui descend obliquement en direction de la marge externe, couverts de pubescence brune. Pattes et antennes a pubescence brun fonoe, la moitie basilaire des tibias rouge, la partie basilaire des articles anten- naires a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune blanchatre. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Tanganyika : Kilema, Kilimandjaro, versant Sud-Est, 1440 m. alt., au Museum de Paris. 109. Exocentrus gardnerianus nom. n. Exocentrus (Camptomyme) gardneri Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. Nat. Belg. 34, No. 22 : 38. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les j cues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee et prcedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Bisque du pronotum avec quatre bandes longitudinales brun fonce floues, deux ondulees rapprochees de la ligne mediane et deux laterales. Chaque elytre avec une large bande transversale postmediane ondulae brun fonce et une grande tache discale preapicale de me'me couleur. La moitie basilaire des femurs et les tibias rouge clair. Les poils dresses du dessus noirs, ceux du bord lateral et des pattes blanchatres. Antennes a pub- escence brun fonce, la base des articles 3 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Tanganyika : Serengeti, ex Acacia sp., 22 . xii . 1955, leg. J. C. M. Gardner au British Museum. no. Exocentrus pseudonitens Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme} pseudonitens Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. not. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 14. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince faiblement recourbee. Elytres REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 267 ties densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf dans le quart sutural. Brim fonce. Chaque elytre orne de deux bandes transversales gris clair, tres rapprochees 1'une de 1'autre, une postbasilaire et une premediane. L'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Mutha, au British Museum. in. Exocentrus aureopilosus Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus] aureopilosus Breuning, 1955, Ark. f. Zool. (2) 7, No. 29 : 589. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Tete peu densement et finement ponctuee. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, eparsement et peu finement ponctue, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins regulierement alignes. Tous les poils dresses de couleur doree. Bran fonce, couvert d'une pubescence brune. Le disque du pronotum et les elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees et avec quelques tres petites taches blanches. Sur chaque elytre une assez large bande transversale ondulee blanche situee un peu apres le milieu. La moitie basilaire des tibias couverte de pubescence blanche, leur moitie apicale, les tarses et la moitie apicale des articles antennaires revetus de pubescence brun fonce. La moitie basilaire des articles antennaires a pubescence blanche. Long.: 9 mm.: Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Ikutha, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. 112. Exocentrus alluaudi Breuning Exocentrus (Striatexocentrus} alluaudi Breuning, 1955, Rev. franc. d'Ent. 22 : 122. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum faiblement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Les deux tiers anterieurs des elytres parsemes de petites taches irregulieres blanches. Les deux premiers articles antennaires rouge clair. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: I mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Shimoni, au Museum de Paris. 113. Exocentrus fuscovittatus Breuning Exocentrus fuscovittatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 9. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum 268 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points regulierement alignes dans les deux tiers lateraux, subalignes dans le tiers sutural. Bran fonce, couvert d'une pubescence d'un brun assez fonce. Le pronotum et la strie suturale a pubescence rougeatre. Les deux tiers lateraux des elytres reve'tus de pubescence soyeuse brun clair et parsemes de taches minimes brun fonce. Le tiers sutural des elytres et les antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long.: 6 mm.: Larg.: 2 mm. 1/4. Type du Kenya: Sobatia, 30.^.1955, ex Climber, leg. J. C. M. Gardner, au British Museum. Un Paratype (idem). 114. Exocentrus sudanicus Aurivillius Exocentrus sudanicus Aurivillius, 1927, Ark. f. Zool. 19A/17 : 26, fig. 177. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inf erieurs des yeux deux f ois plus longs que les j oues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins alignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun clair. Disque du pronotum et elytres parsemes de taches vagues plus ou moins grandes brun fonce, dont une triangulaire premediane laterale, sur chaque elytre, est plus grande et plus accusee. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses, un large anneau postmedian sur le scape et les deux tiers apicaux des articles antennaires deux a onze, brun fonce. Long.: 7-9 mm.; Larg.: 3-3 mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Soudan : Malakul et Mongalla, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. Kenya : Kampi ya Moto (British Museum). 115. Exocentrus raffrayi Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) raffrayi Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 16. Antennes comparativement fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf dans le tiers sutural. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune blanchatre. Pronotum avec deux larges bandes longitudinales brun rougeatres floues peu regulieres, tres rapprochees de la ligne mediane. Sur chaque elytre une tache vague a cote de 1'ecusson, une tache premediane laterale, une tache discale preapicale et une etroite bande post- mediane, formant avec celle de 1'autre elytre un grand M ; tous ces dessins brun rougeatre. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre, 1'extreme base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 269 Decrit sur un individu d'Abyssinie, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 116. Exocentrus pseudomurinus sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite et mince epine laterale, faible- ment dirigee vers I'arriere. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge clair, convert d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de petites taches denudees rangees en series longitudinales et avec, sur chacun, une assez grande tache mediane discale denudee. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre clair a partir du troisieme article sur les deux tiers apicaux. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Type de Djibouti : Jardin d'Ambouli, 1897, leg. Ch. Alluaud au Museum de Paris. 117. Exocentrus Hneolatus Miiller Exocentrus Hneolatus Miiller, 1939, Miss. Biol. paese Borana, Recc. Zool. 2/1 : 74, pi. 4, fig. 3. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, convert d'une pubescence brun clair. Le disque du pronotum et les elytres parsemes de petites taches noiratres. Elytres ornes en plus d'etroites taches longitudinales blanches, rangees sur chaque elytre en forme de sept bandes longi- tudinales. Tiers apical des tibias, les tarses et le tiers apical des articles antennaires a pubescence brun fonce. L'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du troi- sieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2 6 mm. 1/4 ; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/3-2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus d'Abyssinie : Arero, au Musee de Trieste. 118. Exocentrus vittatus Fisher Exocentrus vittatus Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 306. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue forte- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge. Chaque elytre orne de sept etroites bandes longitudinales blanchatres. La base des articles antennaires 4 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2-6 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2- 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de ITnde : Madras, N. Salem et Fraserpet : Coorg, au British Museum, au Musee de Dehra Dun et au Musee de Washington. 270 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 119. Exocentrus chatterjeei Fisher Exocentrus chatterjeei Fisher, 1940, Ind. For. Rec. (2) 7 : 210. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre cinq rangees longitudinales de petit es taches jaune blanchatres, ces taches interrompues sur remplacement d'une bande transversale situee un peu apres le milieu. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2-5 nun.; Larg.: i mm. 3/4-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Madras, Nilambur au British Museum, au Musee de Dehra Dun et au Musee de Washington. 120. Exocentrus ficicola Fisher Exocentrus fid cola Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 315. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et tres finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement dispose. Brun, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune paille. Elytres revetus d'une pube- scence brun rougeatre et ornes de taches jaunes qui manquent cependant sur rem- placement d'une grande plaque quadrangulaire situee un peu apres le milieu. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre clair, la base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 1-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Bamboi, W. Thana, Bombay, au British Museum, au Musee de Dehra Dun et au Musee de Washington. Dehra Dun (Musee de Dehra Dun). 121. Exocentrus carissae Fisher Exocentrus carissae Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 312. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus long que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf dans le quart sutural. Rouge fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris clair. Elytres revetus d'une pubescence brun rougeatre fonce et ornes, chacun, de trois bandes transversales gris clair, une postbasilaire remontant obliquement en direction de 1'epaule, une mediane ondulee et une preapicale droite dans la moitie suturale ensuite brusquement REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 271 courbee vers I'arriere pour atteindre le bord apical. Antennes a pubescence d'un brun assez fonce, la base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris clair. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-3 mm - 3/4 '> Larg.: i mm. 1/4-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : environs de Dehra Dun, au British Museum, au Musee de Dehra Dun et au Musee de Washington. 122. Exocentrus alboscutellaris sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Noir, convert de pubescence gris fonce. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun fonce et ornes, chacun, de trois bandes transversales blanches peu larges : une postbasilaire et une mediane, ces deux fortement ondulees et reliees le long du milieu du disque par de petites taches blanches, et une preapicale incurvee (a concavite du cote basal). Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les antennes a pubescence brun fonce, 1'extreme base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris clair. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Type un individu des lies Andamanes, ex dead Teak stump, 3.x. 1955, au Musee de Dehra Dun. 123. Exocentrus explanatidens Pic Exocentrus explanatidens Pic, 1930, Shorn, ent. odd, Nar. Mus. Praze, 8 : 58. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, son bord lateral largement aplati et reborde, pourvu d'une longue et mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee directement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Brun fonce. Tete et pronotum rouges a fine pubescence doree. Ecusson et la strie suturale des elytres couverte de pubescence blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun fonce et ornes, chacun, de deux bandes transversales gris blanchatres peu apparentes, une postbasilaire faiblement recourbee dans la region suturale et une mediane ondulee. Pattes et antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Inde : Sikkim, Kurseong, au Musee de Prague. Bhutan (coll. Frey). 124. Exocentrus birmanus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) birmanus Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 34, No. 22 : 39. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. 272 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez longue et faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge. Front, parties laterales du pronotum et dessous du corps revetus d'une fine pubescence grise, le dessus du corps, les pattes et les antennes a pubescence brun rouge. Pronotum avec deux taches discales grisatres vagues et une tres etroite bande longitudinale grise. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Sur chaque elytre une tres etroite bande longitudinale suturale blanche parcourant plus du tiers basilaire et trois bandes transversales blanches : une postbasilaire remontant obliquement en direction de la marge externe, une mediane tres fortement ondulee et une preapicale ondulee. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. '1/4. Decrit sur un individu de Birmanie : Bhamo, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 125. Exocentrus trifasciellus Gressitt Exocentrus trifasciellus Gressitt, 1940, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 72 : 184, 187, pi. 5, fig. 17 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes de moitie plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une courte epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers Tamere. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctue's les points subalignes. Brun rougeatre. Tete, la partie apicale des elytres et la partie apicale des tibias noiratres. Les hanches, la partie basilaire des tibias et les antennes rougeatres. Sur chaque elytre des taches jaunes rangees en forme de trois bandes transversales, une postbasilaire, une premediane et une postmediane. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un exemplaire de Chine : He Hainan, a 1' Academic de Californie. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 126. Exocentrus basirufus Gressitt Exocentrus basirufus Gressitt, 1940, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 72 : 184, 185, pi. 5, fig. 16 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Tarriere. Elytres assez densement et peu finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre. Tete, pronotum et moitie posterieure des elytres brun noir. Sur chaque elytre trois etroites bandes transversales blanches, une postbasilaire, une postmediane et une preapicale. Long.: 3-4 mm.; Larg.: i-i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : He Hainan, au Musee de Washington. Prov. Kwang-tung, near Mei-hsien (Gressitt). Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 273 127. Exocentrus constricticollis Gressitt Exocentrus constricticollis Gressitt, 1940, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 72 : 184, 186, pi. 5, fig. 12 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 527. Troisieme article des antennes sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes infe- rieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce. T6te noiratre. Pronotum bran rouge, marbre de jaune pale. Elytres revetus de pubescence bran jaunatre et ornes, chacun, d'une grande tache postmediane laterale bran fonce, d'une autre tache pareille apicale ainsi que de quelques tres petites taches bran fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre, la partie apicale des articles bran fonce. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : He Hainan, a F Academic de Californie. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 128. Exocentrus hupehensis Gressitt Exocentrus hupehensis Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526, 528, pi. 19, fig. I. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une courte epine laterale pointue, dirigee directement vers Farriere. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Bran rougeatre fonce, convert d'une fine pubescence gris clair. Elytres a pubescence bran rougeatre et ornes, chacun, de trois bandes transversales zigzaguees pales, une postbasilaire une postmediane et une preapicale. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a pubescence plus claire. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Chine : Province de Hupeh, District de Lichuan, a F Academic de Californie. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 129. Exocentrus subbidentatus Gressitt Exocentrus subbidentatus Gressitt, 1937, Lingn. Sc. Journ. 16 : 615 ; 1939, Lingn. Sc. Journ., 18 : 86 ; 1942, Lingn. Nat. Hist. Surv. Mus,. Spec. Publ., No. 8 : 30,; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers Farriere, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce. Prosternum, mesosternum, hanches, tarses et base des articles antennaires 2 a 4, bran rouge, convert de pubescence jaune grisatre, plus dense sur ENTOM. 7, 5. I 5 274 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT les elytres exception faire de deux bandes transversales, sur chacun, une premediane et une postmediane et de nombreuses tres petit es taches circulaires denudees. Long.: 5-5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Chine : Province de Kwang-tung et Fokien, a la coll. Gressitt. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 130. Exocentrus fasciolatus Bates Exocentrus fasciolatus Bates, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 12 : 384. Exocentrus curtipennis Pic, 1918, Mel. exot. ent. 27 : 10. Exocentrus fasciolatus Matsushita, 1933, Journ. Fac. Agr. Hokk. 34 : 396. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez courte epine laterale pointue assez fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge fonce, convert de pubescence jaune paille entremelee sur le disque du pronotum de bran rougeatre. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees et ornes chacun d'une large bande transversale postmediane denudee qui n'atteint pas la suture et est interrompue par de tres petites taches circulaires jaunatres. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge plus clair, leur moitie apicale et les tarses et antennes a pubescence bran fonce, la partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long.: 5-6 mm.; Larg.: 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Japon, au Museum de Paris. lies Hokkaido et Hondo (Matsushita). E. curtipennis Pic est un synonyme. 131. Exocentrus submoerens Breuning Exoceutrns (Camptomyme) submoerens Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 34, No. 22 : 40. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une mince epine lateral pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse pas tres fortement accusee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points subserialement disposes. Rouge clair, couvert d'une pubescence gris clair extremement fine. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre clair et parsemes de petites taches oblongues blanchatres, rangees en plusieures bandes transversales irregulieres dans la moitie anterieure et en forme d'une bande transversale ondulee au tiers apical. Pattes et antennes jaune rougeatre. Long.: 3-3 mm. 3/4 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/3-1 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : Hongkong, au British Museum. Un Paratype de Chine (idem). REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 275 132. Exocentrus moerens Pascoe Exocentrus moerens Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 30. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence grise. Elytres parsemes de petite taches oblongues blanches, agglomerees surtout dans la region postbasilaire et dan la region mediane ainsi que dans le quart apical. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. Decrit sur un individu de la presqu'Ile de Malacce : Singapur, au British Museum. Perak (idem). 133. Exocentrus multiguttulatus Pic Exocentrus multiguttulatus Pic, 1927, Mel. exot. ent. 48 : 24. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge fonce. Antennes sauf les deux ou trois premiers articles, brun fonce. Elytres rouges, revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce et parsemes de nombreuses petites taches blanches, situees en forme de deux bandes : une postbasilaire trans- versale ondulee et une semicirculaire, partant du bord lateral peu avant le milieu en direction de la suture qu'elle atteint apres le milieu pour revenir a la marge externe peu avant 1'apex. Long.: 4-5 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2-1 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus du Tonkin, a la coll. Pic. lies Andamanes (coll. Frey). 134. Exocentrus misellus Lameere Ixocentrus misellus Lameere, 1893, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. 62 : 285. Exocentrus coomani Pic, 1925, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. : 138. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une courte epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre de nombreuses taches quadrangulaires jaune pale ou jaune blanchatres, situees en forme de deux larges bandes trans versales, une premediane s'elargissant lateralement 276 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT vers 1'avant jusqu'a 1'epaule et une postmediane qui n'atteint pas la suture ; ces deux bandes reliees le long de la suture par plusieures taches quadrangulaires jaune pale. Tiers apical des tibias et les tarses brun fonce. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu de Annam : Hue, au Museum de Paris. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (coll. Pic), coomani Pic est un synonyme. 135. Exocentrus submisellus sp. n. Proche de misellus Lameere, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse, les elytres moins finement ponctues, non serialement disposes sur le quart sutural, les taches elytrales sensiblement moins nombreuses et ainsi situees plus eloignees Tune de 1'autre. Long.: 4mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Type de Sumatra: Serdang, Tandjong-Morawa, leg. Dr. B. Hagen, au Museum de Leiden. 136. Exocentrus surnatrensis Fisher Exocentrus sumatrensis Fisher, 1927, Suppl. Ent. 15 : 83. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue dirigee vers Farriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points peu regulierement alignes. Rouge fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce et ornes de petites taches quadrangulaires blanches, rangees en forme de sept series longitudinales sur chacun, ces series de taches interrompues sur 1'emplacement d'une bande transversale postmediane ondulee. Le tiers apical des tibias et les tarses brun noir. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris clair. Long.: 4-4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2-2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Sumatra : Medan, au Musee de Washington. Merang (British Museum). 137. Exocentrus sumatranus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme] sumatranus Breuning, 1956, Ann. Mus. civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 68 : 249. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, faiblement recourbee. Elytras densement et finement ponctues, les points, sauf dans le quart sutural, serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une pubescence brun rougeatre. Le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum d'un rouge clair. Ecusson a pubescence jaune. Chaque elytre orne de nombreuses petites taches jaunes nettes de forme oblongue, disposees REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 277 de fa$on a former une bande premediane remontant obliquement de la suture ne direction de 1'epaule et une etroite bande postmediane transversale ondulee, ces deux bandes reliees par trois rangees de petites taches ; une autre rangee de taches longe la suture dans le tiers apical, enfin quelques unes de ces taches se trouvent sur le disque avant 1'apex. Moitie basilaire des tibias d'un rouge clair. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Sumatra : Si-Rambe, au Musee de Ge"nes. 138. Exocentrus costatus sp. n. Antennes comparativement fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois et demie plus large que long, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers I'arriere et precedee de deux petites preeminences anguleuses. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points, sauf au quart sutural, serialement disposes, ces series separees par des intervalles faiblement convexes. Brun fonce, la moitie laterale de chaque elytre et tout le quart apical, rouges et couverts d'une eparse pubescence jaune pale. Ecusson a dense pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Type un individu de Sumatra : Deli, au Musee de Leiden. 139. Exocentrus cyaneus sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale mince et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. Noir, les elytres bleu metallique. Long.: 4mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Type de sur un individu de Sumatra : Palembang, au Musee de Leiden. 140. Exocentrus kalshoveni Fisher Exocentrus kalshoveni Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 39. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue et mince epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, plus ou moins serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre, couvert d'une pubescence jaune blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brune et ornes de bandes longitudinales blanchatres, plus ou moins 278 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT confluences sur la moitie laterale et largement interrompues apres le milieu. Anten- nes brun fonce, le scape et la base des premiers articles suivants a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5-5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Java : Rembang, au Musee de Washington. 141. Exocentrus javaensis sp. n. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf le quart sutural. Rouge, les antennes rouge fonce. Ecusson a pubescence jaune pale. Elytres parsemes de petites taches jaune pale peu nombreuses, ces taches agglomerees en forme de deux bandes transversales, une postbasilaire remontant obliquement en direction de 1'epaule et une mediane fortement ondulee. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Type de Java : Bantam, iv.ig34, leg. J. J. Voet, au Musee de Leiden. 142. Exocentrus gedeensis sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peine moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points regulierement alignes. Rouge, reve~tu d'une fine pubescence jaunatre, condensee sur le pronotum pour former une bande longitudinale mediane. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre, parsemes sur la moitie anterieure de taches oblongues jaunes, rangees serialement et allant pres de la suture jusqu'au tiers apical, et ornes, chacun, de deux bandes transversales ondulees jaunes, une mediane et une preapicale, cette derniere interrompue par quelques petites taches circulaires denudees. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre, la base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence jaunatre. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: I mm. 1/2. Type de Java : Mt. Gede, 27 . xii . 1932, leg. L. G. F. Kalshoven, au Musee de Leiden. 143. Exocentrus drescheri Fisher Exocentrus drescheri Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 41. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum faiblement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 279 Brun fonce, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et ornes de nombreuses etroites laches allongees blanchatres. Long.: 3 mm. 3/4-4 mm.; Larg.: i-i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Java : Batoerraden, au Musee de Washington. 144. Exocentus hirtus Fisher Exocentrus hirtus Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 245. Antennes de moitie plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues presque jusqu'a 1'apex, les points serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre, couvert de pubescence jaune pale. Elytres revetus de pubescence brune et parsemes de petites taches jaune pale rangees en series longitudinales mais reduites sur remplacement d'une tache discale postmediane. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre la pubescence un peu plus claire sur la base des articles a partir du troisieme. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Borneo : Sandakan, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 145. Exocentrus subglaber Fisher Exocentrus subglaber Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 238. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes, moins regulierement apres 1'ecusson et pres du bord lateral. Noir, couvert d'une tres eparse pubescence grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun jaunatre, le tiers sutural rouge fonce, garni de poils dresses noirs. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de Borneo : Sandakan, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 146. Exocentrus humeralis Aurivillius Xaenapta humeralis Aurivillius, 1922, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 65 : 168. Antennes comparativement fines, un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, a ponctuation tres fine et extremement dense, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue et recour- bee, rapprochee de la base et de trois tres petites preeminences laterales situees toutes entre cette epine et le bord anterieur. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points subalignes. 280 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun grisatre. Sur chaque elytre une grande tache humerale qui s'etend presque jusqu'au milieu, mais reste assez distante de la suture et une grande tache apicale qui s'etend plus en avant a la marge externe qu'a la suture, sont rouges et demunies de pubescence. Pattes et antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Nord Palawan Binaluan, au Musee de Leiden. 147. Exocentrus binaluensis Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) binaluensis Breuning, 1956, Ark. f. Zool. (N.S.) 9, No. 12, : 358. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inf erieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les j cues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu nnement ponctues, les points serialement disposes dans les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce. Pronotum rouge. Elytres rouge fonce et ornes de nombreuses tres petites taches blanches peu nettes, rangees sur chacun en neuf series longi- tudinales. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu de Nord Palawan : He Binaluan, au Riksmuseum de de Stockholm. De nombreux exemplaires au Musee de Leiden. 148. Exocentrus basilanus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) basilanus Breuning, 1956, Ark. f. Zool. (N.S.) 9, No. 12 : 358. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inf erieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale conique et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et assez finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points plus ou moins regulierement disposes en series longitudinales. Brun fonce, couvert d'une tres eparse pubescence grise.' Pronotum rouge, a pubescence rousseatre. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun fonce et ornes au tiers apical d'une courte et assez large bande transversale ochracee descendant obliquement de la suture en direction de la marge externe, ainsi que d'une bande transversale premediane blanchatre ondulee peu peu apparente. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu des Philippines : He Basilan, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. 149. Exocentrus angusticollis Fisher Exocentrus angusticollis Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 248. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inf erieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Prono- REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 281 turn transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu nnement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence grise. Elytres ornes de petites taches gris clair, disposees en forme de deux bandes transversales peu apparentes, une postbasilaire et une juste apres le milieu. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Mindanao : Dapitan, au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 150. Exocentrus philippinensis nom. nov. Camptomyme philippinus Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 271. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lones inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et nnement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Tete et pronotum et hanches rouges. Elytres bleu metalliques. Dessous, pattes et antennes noires. Long.: 3 mm. 1/2-5 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 1/4-1 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile de Luzon sous le nom de philippinus. Ce nom etant preoccupe je le change en philippinensis : Mt. Banahao, au Musee de Washing- ton. N. W. Panay (Fisher). C'est 1'espece que Heller a identifie a callioides Pascoe. var. transeuns Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) philippinus Fisher var. transeuns Breuning, 1957, ^ n ^- NachrBl. osterr. u. schweiz. Ent. 8, No. 3 : 12. Comme la forme typique, mais la strie suturale et une large bande longitudinale subsuturale sur chaque elytre sont d'un rouge clair. Philippines: Pobentoe (coll. Tippmann). var. unicolor Fisher Camptomyme philippinus var. unicolor Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 271. Comme la forme typique, mais les elytres entierement rouges. He Mindanao : Davao (Fisher). 151. Exocentrus insularis (Fisher) Camptomyme insularis Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 273. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, faiblement 282 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Tete, pronotum et ecusson brun jaunatre. Elytres brun noir et ornes de bandes longitudinales grises interrompues par places. Dessous brun noir, jaunatre le long de la ligne mediane. Decrit sur un individu de File Sibuyan au Musee de Washington. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 152. Exocentrus callioides (Pascoe) Camptomyme callioides Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent, Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 44. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale tres pointue, dirigee obliquement en arriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Tte et pronotum rouges. Elytres violet metalliques. Dessous, pattes et antennes noirs a pubescence brun noir. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de File Aru au British Museum. 153. Exocentrus bicolor (Pascoe) Camptomyme bicolor Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 44, pi. 3, fig. 10. Proche de callioides Pasc., mais les lobes inferieurs aussi longs que les joues, les elytres ponctues plus densement, les points disposes serialement aussi sur le quart sutural, les elytres noirs. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Batchian au British Museum. 154. Exocentrus tristis (Pascoe) Camptomyme tristis Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 44. Proche de callioides Pascoe, mais plus petit, les lobes inferieurs des yeux aussi longs que les joues, les elytres ponctues plus densement, tout le corps d'une couleur pourpre unicolore et convert d'une eparse et fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Long.: 2 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile de Batchian au British Museum. 155. Exocentrus miselloides Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) miselloides Breuning, 1956, Ann. Mus. civ. Stor. Nat. Geneva, 68 : 250. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 283 Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres peu densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre de nom- breuses taches quadrangulaires jaune pale situees en forme d'une large bande trans- versale qui s'elargit lateralement vers 1'avant jusqu'a 1'epaule et setendent ensuite sur tout le tiers apical. Tiers apical des tibias et les tarses brun fonce. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Nouvelle Guinee : Ighibirei, au Musee de Genes. Queensland : Cairns (British Museum). 156. Exocentrus acutispina Fairmaire Exocentrus acutispina Fairmaire, 1881, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (6) 1 : 482. Neosciadella acutispina Dillon & Dillon, 1942, Bull. Bern. Bish. Mus., No. 206, p. in. Exocentrus (Camptomyme) acutispina Fairmaire, Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 34, No. 22 : 40. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux cinq fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum tres transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique et pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence d'un gris assez fonce. Elytres reve'tus de pubescence brun fonce, parsemes sur plus de leur tiers anterieur de petites taches jaunes serrees, rangees en nombreuses series longitudinales et agglomerees en une bande transversale ondulee situee un peu avant le milieu, et parsemes sur le restant de leur surface de tres petites taches jaunes rangees, sur chacun, sous forme de quatre series longitudinales. En plus, sur chaque elytre une large bande transversale preapicale ochracee qui descend obliquement de la suture en direction de la marge externe. Moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4 et 1'extreme base des articles 5 a 10 a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5-6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/3-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu des lies Fidji au Museum de Paris (indication erronee). Repandu par la Nouvelle Guinee, 1'Ile Fergusson, Les Thursday Islands et le Queens- land (Museum de Paris, de Leiden etc.). 157. Exocentrus ciliatissimus Gressitt Exocentrus ciliatissimus Gressitt, 1956, Ins. of Micron,, 17/2 : 156, fig. 25, b. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez longue, dirigee presque directement vers 1'arriere. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre, eparse au milieu de pronotum et sur les cotes de son disque. Elytres avec des taches brun rougeatre 28 4 REVISION DU GENRE RXOCENTRUS MULSANT floues sur la region basilaire et sur la region postmediane. Moitie apicale des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme, a pubescence brun fonce. Long.: 4 mm. 1/4 ; Larg.: i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus des lies Palau, Caroline Islands. 3. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE CENTENEXOCENTRUS Breuning Exocentrus Sousgenre Centenexocentrus Breuning. 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sci. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 17, Troisieme article des antennes un peu moins long que le quatrieme, non plus long que le scape. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex. Type : centenes Pascoe. 158. Exocentrus hispidulus Pascoe Exocentrus hispidulus Pascoe, 1859, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (2) 5 : 37 ; 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 29. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article a peu pres aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, moderement recourbee. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues jusqu'un peu au dela du milieu, les points serialement disposes. FIG. 3. Exocentrus hispidulus Pascoe. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 285 Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Disque du pronotum avec deux grandes laches circulaires jaunes et avec une bande longitudinale lineiforme jaunatre. Ecusson a pubescence jaune. Elytres parsemes de petites taches jaunatres ou blan- chatres rangees sur chacun en sept series longitudinales et formant une etroite bande transversole ondulee mediane. Quelquesunes de ces taches sont plus grandes et toujours jaunes : une postbasilaire discale et plusieures sur le quart apical. Scape d'un rouge assez clair. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 6 a pubescence jaune grisatre. Long. : 5-6 mm. ; Larg. 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu des lies Aru au British Museum. Nouvelle Guinee : Dorey (British Museum) ; Andai, Ighibirei (Musee de Gnes) ; Thursday Island (Museum de Paris) ; lies Saylee et Mysol (Pascoe). 159. Exocentrus neopomerianus Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) neopomerianus Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBl. osterr. u. schweiz. Ent. 8 : No. 3 ; 12. Proche de hispidulus Pascoe, mais le troisieme article des antennes sensiblement moins long que le scape, le pronotum encore sensiblement plus large, pourvu d'une epine laterale sensiblement plus longue, la tete et le pronotum converts d'une fine pubescence jaune blanchatre, le pronotum sans taches jaunes, la partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 10 a pubescence jaune blanchatre. Decrit sur un individu de Nouvelle Pomeranie : Mope dans la coll. Tippmann. 160. Exocentrus hispiduloides Breuning Exocentrus (Camptomyme) hispiduloides Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 10. Proche de hispidulus Pascoe, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum plus longue, les elytres ponctues jusqu'un peu au dela des trois quarts anterieurs, le pronotum vague- ment marbre de jaunatre, mais sans taches discales jaunes, les taches elytrales un peu plus grandes, moins apparentes et moins nettes. Decrit sur un individu de Celebes : Makassar au British Museum. Pascoe avait confondu cette espece avec son hispidulus. 161. Exocentrus seriatopunctatus Aurivillius Exocentrus ? seriatopunctatus Aurivillius, 1922, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 65 : 167. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers l'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge clair. Elytres marbres de gris, sauf sur remplacement d'une large bande postmediane n'atteignant pas la suture, et parsemes de petites taches brunes. Des- 286 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT souse parseme de petites laches glabres. Femurs legerement rembrunis. Les articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence un peu plus claire. Long. : 4 mm. 1/4-5 mm. 3/4 ; Larg. ; i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus des lies Key au Riksmuseum de Stockholm et au Musee de Leiden. Aurivillius cite pour cette espece aussi 1'Ile Binaluan, mais ces exemp- laires de cette espece appartiennent a mindanaoensis Fisher. 162. Exocentrus mindanaoensis Fisher Exocentrus mindanaoensis Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 28 : 239. Tres proche de seriatopunctatus Aurivillius, amis les lobes inferieurs des yeux seulement deux fois plus longs que les joues, 1'epine laterale du pronotum dirigee directement vers 1'arriere, la couleur fondamentale du corps d'un brun rougeatre, celle de la tete noiratre, le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum et la partie apicale des elytres d'une rouge plus clair. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile de Mindanao : Davao. Zamboanga, Iligan (Fisher), au Musee de Washington et de Leiden. ; Kolambugan (coll. Tippmann) ; He Binaluan (Aurivillius). 163. Exocentrus centenes Pascoe Exocentrus centenes Pascoe, 1864, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 3 : 29. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres peu densement et tres finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs, les points regulierement alignes. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de taches denudees minimes. Sur chaque elytre une tres grande tache postmediane laterale denudee qui atteint presque la suture. Tiers apical des tibias a pubescence brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Tile de Batjan et de 1'Ile de Flores, au British Museum. 164. Exocentrus centenoides sp. n. Proche de centenes Pascoe, mais les elytres ponctues presque jusqu'a 1'apex, le tiers apical des tibias sans pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Type de Sumatra : Ranvas, v.iSyS, au Musee de Leiden. 165. Exocentrus artocarpi Fisher Exocentrus artocarpi Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 40. Antennes presque de moitie plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 287 que les joues. Pronotum faiblement transverse, extrement finement granule, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale conique pointue, dirigee obliquement vers l'arriere. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre fonce couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre, entremele de brun sur le pronotum et sur les elytres. Pronotum avec une etroite bande longitudinale mediane blanchatre. Elytres ornes de nombreuses taches irregulieres blanchatres qui manquent seulement sur remplacement d'une assez grande tache laterale post- mediane. Long. : 3 mm. 3/4-4 mm. 3/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/4-1 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur des individus de Java : Buitenzoorg, au Musee de Washington. Samarang (Fisher). 166. Exocentrus rufobasiantennalis Breuning Exocentrus (Centenexocentrus) rufobasiantennalis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 16. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale transverse pointue, faiblement re- courbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge fonce, elytres, pattes et deux premiers articles antennaires rouge clair. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Elytres revelus d'une tres fine et tres eparse pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : I mm. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin : Riviere Claire, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 167. Exocentrus bicoloripennis Breuning Exocentrus (Centenexocentrus) bicoloripennis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 15. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur lex deux tiers anterieurs, et parsemes de nombreuses, granules minimes, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun rougeatre. Moitie suturale de 1'elytre sur les deux tiers anterieurs noire et reve'tue d'une fine pubescence gris fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin : Cho-ganh, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 288 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 4. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE BARBIEREXOCENTRUS NOV. Troisieme article des antennes beaucoup moins long que le quatrieme, un peu plus long que le scape. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex, pourvus de points serialement disposes. Type Exocentrus barbieri Pic. 168. Exocentrus barbieri Pic Exocentrus barbieri Pic, 191, Dis. Ent. 9 : 8. Antennes de moitie plus longues que le corps. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque deux fois plus longs que les joues. Te"te et pronotum a ponctuation extremement dense et extremement fine. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une assez petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de fine pubescence grise. Le bord anterieur et le bord pos- terieur du pronotum, les genoux, les tarses, les deux premiers articles antennaires et la base des articles suivants, rouges. Elytres converts de pubescence blanchatre a 1'exception d'une tache allongee postscutellaire et de deux bandes transversales assez larges qui n'atteignant pas la suture, une premediane et une preapicale, ces taches et bandes brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence d'un brun assez fonce. Long. : 3-4 mm. ; Larg. : 3/4-1 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Cochin chine : Saigon, dans la coll. Pic. 5. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE WOODLARK EXOCENTRUS BREUNING Exocentrus Sousgenre Woodlarkexocentrus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 16. Troisieme article des antennes sensiblement moins long que le quatrieme, sensi- blement plus long que le scape. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex, pourvus de points disposes sans ordre. Type : Exocentrus woodlarkianus Breuning. 169. Exocentrus woodlarkianus Breuning Exocentrus (Woodlarkexocentrus} woodlarkianus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 16. Antennes tres fines, cassees chez le type au quatrieme article, qui atteint avec son apex le milieu des elytres. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale conique et tres pointue, assez fortement recourbes. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence jaune paille et garni de longs poils dresses noirs. Elytres parsemes de quelques taches brunes minimes. Sur chaque elytre une REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 289 grande tache laterale quadrangulaire mediane brun fonce et une tache quadrangulaire preapicale brun fonce plus grande encore qui remonte un peu en direction de la suture. Pattes et scape rouge clair, les remurs avec un anneau preapical brun. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile de Woodlark a 1'Institue Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 6. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE PSEUDOCENTRUS FAIRMAIRE Pseudocentrus Fairmaire, 1901, Rev. d'Ent. 20 : 230. Exocentrus Sousgenre Pseudocentrus Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. France, 40 : 127. Troisieme article des antennes un peu plus long que le quatrieme. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex. Type : Exocentrus reticulatus Fairmaire. 170. Exocentrus sumbawanus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus} sumbawanus Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBl. osterr. u. schweiz. Ent' 8, No. 3 : 13. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points plus ou moins serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert d'une pubescence gris jaunatre. Elytres parsemes de tres nombreuses taches jaune pale serialement disposees et couvrant la presque totalite de la surface a 1'exception d'une large bande transversale postmediane brun rouge- atre fonce qui n'atteint pas la suture. Antennes a partir du troisieme article revetues saud a la base des articles, d'une pubescence brun fonce. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Sumbawa a la coll. Tippmann. 171. Exocentrus tectonae Fisher Exocentrus tectonae Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres assez densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun, couvert de pubescence jaune blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et parsemes de petites taches jaune blanchatre floues, rangees en series et condensees en forme d'une bande transversale mediane ondulee, les taches plus eparses dans la moitie apicale des elytres. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-5 mm - J / 2 > Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/4. ENTOM. 7. 5. 1 6 290 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Decrit sur des individus de Java : Samarang et Rembang, au Musee de Washington et de Buitenzorg. D'autres exemplaires au Musee de Leiden. 172. Exocentrus actinophorae Fisher Exocentrus actinophorae Fisher, 1934, Stylops, 3 : 36, 38. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine conique et pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere et precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse peu accentuee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert d'une pubescence jaune blanchatre entremelee de brun clair sur le pronotum. Elytres revetus de pubescence brune et ornes de taches blanchatres oblongues floues, taches qui font defaut sur 1' emplacement d'une large bande trans- versale postmediane. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence gris clair. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2-5 mm - ', Larg.: i mm. 1/2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus de Java : Sensarang, Madioen et Rembang, au Msuee de Washington et de Buitenzorg. D'autres exemplaires au Musee de Leiden. 173. Exocentrus blotei sp. n. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux presque quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs, les points serialement dispose'e. Brun rougeatre fonce, couvert de pubescence pareille. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Type de N. O. Sumatra : Serdang, Tandjong-Morawa, leg. Dr. B. Hagen, au Musee de Leiden. 174. Exocentrus rufohumeralis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) rufohumeralis Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBL, Wien, 8, No. 3 : 13. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues. Noir. Elytres d'un bleu fonce metallique. Sur chaque elytre une grande tache humerale et une grande tache apicale, rouge clair. Dessous du corps et pattes a fine pubescence grise. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de N.O. Sumatra : Tebing-Tinggi, a la coll. Tippmann. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 291 175. Exocentrus parterufipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus} parterufipennis Breuning, 1956, Ark. f. Zool. (N.S.) 9, No. 12 : 358. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue dirigee oblique- ment vers 1'arriere, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et assez finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Noir, couvert d'une fine et eparse pubescence gris fonce ; la moitie laterale de 1'elytre, sauf dans la partie median e est d'un rouge assez clair. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. ; i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Mindanao : Kolambugan, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. 176. Exocentrus mindoroensis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) mindoroensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 12. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, aplati sur les cotes, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres peu densement et assez finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun noir. Te'te, pronotum et ecusson rouge clair. Elytres et antennes couverts de pubescence brun fonce et garnis de poils dresses noirs. Dessous du corps et pattes revetus de pubescence gris jaunatre. Long. : 6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Mindoro a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles Belgique. 177. Exocentrus mindoroanus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus} mindoroanus Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBl., Wien, 8, No. 3 : 13. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale triangulaire pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Elytres revetus d'une pubescence d'un brun grisatre fonce et parsemes dans la moitie anterieure ainsi que sur le tiers apical de taches gris blanchatres floues, rangees, sur chacun, en six series longitudinales. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile Mindoro : Calapan, a la coll. Tippmann. 292 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 178. Exocentrus celebicus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) celebicus Breuning, 1956, Ann. Mus. civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 68 : 249. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, eparsement et extremement finement granule et pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement quoique peu regulierement disposes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et parsemes dans la moitie anterieure et sur le tiers apical de taches gris blanchatres peu apparentes rangees, sur chacun, en six series longitudinales. Antennes a partir du cinquieme article revetues de pubescence d'un brun assez fonce. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de Celebes : Kandelari, au Musee de Genes. 179. Exocentrus guttulatus Bates Exocentrus guttulatus Bates, 1873, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 12 : 385. Exocentrus guttulatus Matsushita, 1933, Journ. Fac. Agr. Hokk. 34 : 396. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez forte- ment recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Elytres souvent rouges a pube- scence brun rougeatre, parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaunes ou gris jaunatres disposees en series longitudinales et agglomerees dans la partie apicale ainsi qu'en forme d'une bande mediane transversale peu large. Base des femurs et des tibias souvent rougeatre. Antennes souvent rougeatres, le tiers basilaire des articles anten- naires trois et quatre et I'extreme base des articles 5-8 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 6-7 mm. ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit par Bates sur un individu du Japon au Museum de Paris. lies Hokkaido, Hondo et Shikoku (Matsushita). Subspecies alboguttatus Fisher Exocentrus alboguttatus Fisher, 1925, Philipp. Journ. Sc., 28 : 240. Comme la forme typique, mais les taches claires des elytres plus petites et non agglomerees dans la partie apicale des elytres. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile Mindanao : Davao au Musee de Washington. He Luzon : Los Banos et He Sibuyan (Fisher) ; He Basilan (Riksmuseum de Stock- holm) ; lies Palawan (Musee de Leiden). REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 293 Subspecies subconjunctus Gressitt Exocentrus alboguttatus Fisher subspecies subconjunctus Gressitt, 1940, Philipp. Journ. Sc. 72 : 184 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2,: 526. Comme la forme typique, mais les taches claires des elytres un peu plus grandes et partiellement subconfluentes surtout dans la moitie basilaire, mais non agglomerees dans la partie apicale des elytres. He Hainan (Gressitt). Subspecies obscurior Pic Exocentrus guttulatus Bates var. obscurior Pic 1929, Mel. exot. ent. 53 : 30. Comme la forme typique, mais les elytes ponctues un peu moins finement, a coloration fondamentale brun fonce, les taches claires plus petites non agglomerees dans la region apicale, la bande transversale mediane plus etroite, plus nette et plus ondulee. Couleur fondamentale des antennes brun noir. Decrit sur des individus du Tonkin a la coll. Pic. Hoa-Binh (Museum de Paris); Bhutan (idem). Var. rufescens Pic Exocentrus guttulatus Bates var. rufescens Pic, 1929, Mil. exot. ent. 53 : 30 ; Longicornia, 1951, 2 : 526. Comme ssp. obscurior Pic, mais tout le corps a coloration fondamentale rouge, la pubescence des elytres d'un brun rougeatre. Decrit sur un individu de Chine a la coll. Pic. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (Museum de Paris) ; Bhutan (idem) ; lies Andamanes (British Museum) ; Sumatra : Serdang (Musee de Leiden). 180. Exocentrus immaculatus Gressitt Exocentrus immaculatus Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 525, 529. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine apicale pointue assez forte- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points disposes subserialement. Brun rougeatre. Elytres jaune rougeatre et converts de pubescence jaune pale. Sur chaque elytre sept series longitudinales de tres petites taches circulaires denudees. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de Tile de Formose : Kuraru, dans la coll. Gressitt. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 294 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 181. Exocentrus rufithorax Gressitt Exocentrus rufithorax Gressitt, 1935, Trans, nat. Hist. soc. Formosa, 25 : 286 ; 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une laterale mince et pointue, dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres assez finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs et garnis de longs poils dresses. Noir. Pronotum rouge fonce. Les joues partiellement et les mandibules rouge- atres. Elytres avec des taches bran rougeatres tres peu apparentes et disposes serialement sur la base et sur le bord lateral. Long. : 4 mm. 3/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un exemplaire de 1'Ile de Formose : Piana Ambu, dans la coll. Gressitt. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 182. Exocentrus fisheri Gressitt Exocentrus fisheri Gressitt, 1935, Kontyu, 9 : 175. Antennes de moitie plus longues que le corps (<$) ou d'un tiers plus longues ($), le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une longue epine laterale pointue dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Noir. Elytres d'un brun rouge clair, la moitie suturale sur les deux tiers anterieurs, bran fonce. Long. : 2-2 mm. 1/4 ; Larg. : 2/3-3/4 mm - Decrit sur un individu du Japon : lie Hokkaido, Sapporo dans la coll. Gressitt. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 183. Exocentrus saitoi Matsushita Exocentrus saitoi Matsushita, 1935, Trans, nat. Hist. soc. Formosa, 25 : 313, fig. i. Exocentrus saitoi Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et extre'mement finement ponctues. Noir. Elytres brans. TSte, dessous du corps, pattes et la partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme, a fine pubescence grise. Long. : 8 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un exemplaire de Coree : Saigen, dans la coll. Matsushita. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 184. Exocentrus dalbergianus Gressitt Exocentrus dalbergianus Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 527, 528, pi. 19, fig. 9. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 295 notum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes sauf au quart sutural. Noir, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales noires, une basilaire, une postmedaine et une apicale, la postmediane n'atteignant pas la suture. Long. : 6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Chine : Province Hupeh, Lichuan District de 1' Academic de Calif ornie. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres sa description. 188. Exocentrus zikaweiensis Savio Exocentrus zikaweiensis Savio, 1929, Nat. Ent. chin. 8:3; Gressit, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 525. Exocentrus zikaweiensis Gressit, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 525. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement re- courbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues. Noir elytres jaune rougeatre, revetus de fine pubescence jaune et garnis de poils dresses noirs. Long. : 5-8 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de Chine : Zikawei sur Gleditschia sinensis. Je ne connais cette espece que d'apres la description. 186. Exocentrus theresae Pic Exocentrus theresae Pic, 1929, Echange, 55, No. 476 : 4 ; Gressitt, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale obtuse, fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues. Bran fonce, couvert d'une pubescence d'un bran assez fonce. Le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum rougeatre. Pronotum avec une bande longitu- dinale lineiforme mediane blanchatre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rouge- atre fonce et ornes de trois bandes transversales blanches, une premediane elargie en direction de la marge externe, une mediane ondulee et une preapicale fortement ondulee. Antennes rougeatres, a pubescence brun rougeatre, la base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. De'crit sur un individu de Chine : Pekin dans la coll. Pic. 187. Exocentrus ruficolor Pic Exocentrus ruficolor Pic, 1944, Opusc. Mart. 13 : 13. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum 296 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, le tiers apical de tibias et les tarses brun fonce. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin a la coll. Pic. 188. Exocentrus nigronotatus Pic Exocentrus nigronotatus Pic, 1926, Mel. exot. ent. 45 : 29. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une petite 6pine laterale conique et pointue, assez re- courbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris olive. Elytres parsemes de taches minimes brun fonce rangees en series longitudinales, d'une grande et large tache transversale postmediane laterale brun fonce et de nombreuses petites taches brun fonce agglomerees en une sorte de large bande transversale premediane. Moitie basilaire des tibias a pubescence blanche. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence brun fonce. Moitie basilaire du quat- rieme article des antennes a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4-7 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4-3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Tonkin : Hoa-Binh, dans la coll. Pic. 189. Exocentrus tonkineus Pic Exocentrus tonkineus Pic, 1925, Mel. exot. ent. 43 : 131. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun, couvert de pubescence jaune paille, entremelee vaguement de brun sur le disque du pronotum. Sur chaque elytre quatre taches etroites et longitudinales brunes sur le tiers basilaire, situees 1'une a cote de 1'autre, la laterale la plus courte, une tache transversale mediane brune legerement oblique, remontant en direction de la marge externe, et deux courtes taches longitudinales brunes discales preapicales situees 1'une a cote de 1'autre. Femurs bruns a fine pubescence jaunatre. Tibias et tarses rouge clair a pubescence jaunatre. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre, la moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin a la coll. Pic. 190. Exocentrus fouqueti Pic Exocentrus fouqueti Pic, 1932, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 37 : 156. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moms long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 297 transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points plus ou moins alignes. Noir, couvert de pubescence grise. La base du pronotum et 1'ecusson a pubescence gris blanchatre. Sur chaque elytre deux etroites bandes blanches, une premediane incurvee dans les deux tiers lateraux (a concavite du cote apical )et remontant dans le tiers sutural tres obliquement en direction de la suture, et une postmediane trans- versale. Antennes a partir du deuxieme article a pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles 3 et 4 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4-4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : I mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin : Pho-vi, dans la coll. Pic. 191. Exocentrus binhensis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) binhensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Soc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8: 12. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, letroisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum trans- verse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence grise. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes trans- versales blanchatres interrompues par de tres petites taches brun fonce, une post- basilaire et une premediane reunies dans la moitie suturale, et une preapicale ondulee reliee le long de la suture tres etroitement a la bande premediane. Antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin : Hoa-Binh a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 192. Exocentrus marginicollis Fisher Exocentrus marginicollis Fisher, 1932, Stylops, 1 : 230. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre foie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse largement rebordee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Brun rougeatre fonce. Elytres parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaune blanchatre, rangees, sur chacun en forme de six series lontitudinales. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2-4 mm - J / 2 '> Larg. : i mm. 1/2-1 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de la presqu'ile de Malacce : Perak et Tenasserim, au British Museum. 298 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 193. Exocentrus andamanensis Fisher Exocentrus andamanensis Fisher, 1932, Stylops, 1 : 231. Proche de marginicollis Fisher, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum encore plus recourbee, le bord lateral du pronotum avant cette epine non largement reborde, les points des elytres subalignes. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2-3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus des lies Andamanes, au British Museum. 194. Exocentrus fumosus Gahan Exocentrus fumosus Gahan, 1895, Ann. Mus. civ. Star. Nat. Genova, 34 : 85. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee dirigee en direction de 1'epaule. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence bran grisatre fonce. Le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum ou tout le pronotum et la moitie basilaire des tibias d'un rouge vif. Ecusson a pubescence jaune. Sur chaque elytre une tres etroite bande transversale mediane ondulee jaune et une large bande transversale jaune d'ocre au tiers apical. La partie basilaire du scape et des articles 5 a 7 et les articles 3 et 4 sauf a Fapex, rouges. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2-7 Tmn - ' Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Tenasserim : Thagata, au Musee de Genes et au British Museum. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (coll. Frey). 195. Exocentrus saleyerianus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) saleyerianus Breuning, 1957, Ent. NachrBL, Wien, 8, No. 3 : 13. Proche de fumosus Gahan, mais le troisieme article des antennes un peu moins long que le scape, les elytres ponctues seulement sur les deux tiers anterieurs, la bande transversale mediane de 1'elytre sensiblement plus large, les articles anten- naires 3 et 4 rouges seulement dans leur parties basilaires, les articles 5 a n a pub- escence bran noir. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-5 mm. ; Larg. : I mm. 2/3-1 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de File Saleyer dans la coll. Tippmann. D'autres indi- vidus de me'me provenance au Musee de Leiden. 196. Exocentrus alboseriatus Gahan Exocentrus alboseriatus Gahan, 1895, Ann. Mus. civ. Genova, 34 : 85. Exocentrus rubripennis Pic, 1929, Mel. exot. ent. 53 : 29. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 299 fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique et pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues dans les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. Noir, couvert d'une fine pubescence grise. Front et tout le dessus du corps d'un rouge brique. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches blanches nettes, rangees sur chacun en sept series longitudinales. Quart basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 6 a pubescence blanche. Long. : 6-7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/3-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de Tenasserim : Thagata, au Musee de Gnes. Tonkin (Pic). E. rubripennis Pic est un synonyme. 197. Exocentrus flemingiae Fisher Exocentrus flemingiae Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 297. Exocentrus rufiscapus Pic, 1939, VII. Intern. Kongr. f. Ent. \, Sc. Syst. : 344. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, tres densement et extrdmement finement ponctue, pourvu d'une tres courte epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points subalignes. Noir luisant. Front, parties laterales du pronotum et dessous du corps converts d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Ecusson a pubescence blanche. Sur chaque elytre une tres etroite bande transversale mediane blanche et trois tres petites taches blanches nettes, une humerale, une discale postbasilaire et une discale preapicale. Pattes et scape jaune rougeatre ou rouge clair, le tiers apical des tibias, les tarses et les articles antennaires 2 a n brun noir, la partie basilaire du troisieme article des antennes et le quart basilaire du quatrieme, a pubescence blanche. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2-7 mm - i Larg. : 2-2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P., Dehra Dun au British Museum et Musee de Dehra Dun. Pusa (British Museum) ; Pedong (Museum de Paris) ; Tonkin : Pho-ganh (idem). E. rufiscapus Pic est un synonyme. var. fuscoscapus nov. Comme la forme typique, mais le scape brun fonce. Type de Sikkim : Pedong, chasseurs indigenes, 1935, ex coll. Oberthiir au Museum de Paris. 198. Exocentrus testaceus Fisher Exocentrus testaceus Fisher. 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 297, 322. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues dans les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf au quart sutural. 3 oo REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Rouge clair. Mesosternum, metasternum, abdomen, pattes et antennes brun fonce, la partie basilaire des articles antennaires 4 a 8 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 7-8 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4-3 mm. Decrit sur des individus d' Assam : Cachar, Maflang, au British Museum et Musee de Washington. var. subbicolor nom. nov. Exocentrus bicolor Pic 1929, M61. exot. ent. 53 : 30. Comme la forme typique, mais les elytres brun fonce, couverts d'une fine pub- escence jaune grisatre et parsemes de taches minimes denudees. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a 10 a pubescence blanchatre. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (coll. Pic.). Le nom bicolor etant preoccupe je le change en subbicolor. var. diversiceps Pic Exocentrus bicolor var. diversiceps Pic, 1931, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr.\ 259. Comme var. subbicolor Breuning, mais le front et les joues brun noir. Yunnan (Pic). var. later aloides nom. nov. Exocentrus bicolor var. lateralis Pic, 1936, Butt. zool. Soc. Fr. 61 : 299. Comme var. subbicolor Breuning, mais la te'te et le pronotum en majeure partie brun fonce, les elytres brun fonce seulement dans la region suturale sauf dans la region apicale. Tonkin : Hoa-Binh (Pic), decrit sous le nom preoccupe lateralis que le change en lateraloides. var. rufobasipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) testaceus var. rufobasipennis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg., 33, No. 8 : 13. Comme var. subbicolor Breuning mais le dixieme basilaire des elytres rouge clair, les poils dresses de la partie laterale des elytres, jaunatres. Decrit sur un individu de Laos : Vientiane, 8. v. 1918, leg. Vitalis de Salvaza a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. var. rufoampliatus nov. Comme var. subbicolor Breuning mais les elytres brun fonce seulement sur les quatre cinquiemes apicaux, les poils dresses de la partie laterale des elytres, jaun- atres. Type de Bhutan : Maria Basti, leg. L. Durel, ex coll. Oberthiir, au Museum de Paris. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 301 199. Exocentrus collarti Breuning Exocentrus (Bematocentrus) collarti Breuning, 1958, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 34, No. 22. Antennas d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique pointue assez fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Brun rougeatre, couvert de pubescence gris clair. Elytres rouges, revetus de pubescence jaune blanchatre et ornes, chacun, de trois taches brun rougeatre fonce : une grande basilaire, une tres grande transversale postmediane laterale atteignant presque la suture et une grande transversale preapicale. Pattes et antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre. Moitie basilaire dorsale des tibias a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de Bhutan a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 200. Exocentrus alni Fisher Exocentrus alni Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 298. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une longue et tres mince epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Disque du pronotum densement marbre d'ocharce. Ecusson a pubescence ochracee. Elytres densement parsemes de petites taches ochracees, agglomeres entre autre pour former trois bandes trans- versales ondulees, une postbasilaire, une mediane et une preapicale. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2-8 mm. ; Larg. : 2-3 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Sikkim : Darjeeling, Lopchu, au British Museum. 201. Exocentrus granulicollis Fisher Exocentrus granulicollis Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 297, 323. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points obsoletes dans la partie apicale. Rouge clair. Elytres revetus d'une fine pubescence gris jaunatre. Dessous du corps, pattes et antennes brun fonce. Long. : 5-6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus d' Assam : Shillong, au British Museum. 302 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 202. Exocentrus championi Fisher Exocentrus championi Fisher, 1940, Ind. For. Rec. (2) 6 : 207. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre cinq series longitudinales de petites taches jaune blanchatre, ces taches faisant defaut sur 1' emplacement d'une large bande transversale situee un peu apres le milieu. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2-6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Chakrata Range, au British Museum. 203. Exocentrus dalbergiae Fisher Exocentrus dalbergiae Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 310. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce. Ecusson a pubescence blanchatre. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales ondulees blanches, une postbasilaire, une postmediane et une preapicale. Femurs et moitie anterieure des tibias a pubescence gris blanchatre. Long. : 2 mm. 1/2-5 nun. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4-3 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Dehra Dun, au British Museum. 204. Exocentrus trifasciatus Fisher Exocentrus trifasciatus Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 307. Proche de dalbergiae Fisher, mais Fepine laterale du pronotum un peu moins longue, les elytres finement ponctues, la base des articles antennaires 4 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 3 mm. 3/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Fraserpet, Coorg, au British Museum et au Musee de Washington. 205. Exocentrus cudraniae Fisher Exocentrus cudraniae Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 314. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale mince et pointue, seulement faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement ranges sauf au quart sutural. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 303 Brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales blanchatres floues, une premediane, une mediane et une postmediane. Long. : 3 mm. 1/2-5 nun. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/4-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Dehra Dun, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 206. Exocentrus greviae Fisher Exocentrus greviae Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 317. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recour- bee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Elytres parsemes de petites taches blanches, ranges, sur chacun, en six series longitudinales, ces taches font defaut sur remplacement d'une bande transversale situee juste apres le milieu. L'extre'me base des articles antennaires 4 a u a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2-6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : I mm. 1/2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Dehra Dun, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 207. Exocentrus seticollis Fisher Exocentrus seticollis Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 300. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, extre*mement finement ponctue, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique et pointue assez recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale postmediane ondulee blanchatre assez large. Ranches, moitie basilaire des femurs et des tibias et les cinq premiers articles antennaires, rouges. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : U.P. Dehra Dun, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 208. Exocentrus monticola Fisher Exocentrus monticola Fisher, 1932, Stylops, 1 : 228. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum transverse, pourvu d'une epine lateral pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brune. Sur chaque elytre quatre larges bandes transversales blanchatres floues, une basilaire, une premediane, une postmediane et une apicale. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un exemplaire de Flnde : Nilghiri Hills, au British Museum. 304 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 209. Exocentrus pubescens Fisher Exocentrus pubescens Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 303. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge fence. Elytres ornes de taches blanchatres floues sur le disque de la moitie anterieure et sur le tiers apical. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge clair. Long. : 4 mm. 1/4-4 mm - 3/4 " Larg. : i mm. 1/2-1 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : N. Salem, Madras, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 210. Exocentrus gardneri Fisher Exocentrus gardneri Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 302. Proche de pubescens Fisher, mais le troisieme article des antennes a peine moins long que le scape, les taches blanchatres des elytres plus etendues ; sur les elytres des taches pareilles aussi entre la moitie anterieure et le tiers apical le long de la suture. Decrit sur des exemplaires de 1'Inde : U.P. Dehra Dun, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. 211. Exocentrus terminaliae Fisher Exocentrus terminaliae Fisher, 1932, Ind. For Rec. 16 : 297, 324. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge fonce, unicolore. Long. : 4 mm. 3/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Bombay, North Tana, Manor Range, au British Museum et au Musee de Washington. 212. Exocentrus malloti Fish. Exocentrus malloti Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 309. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale mince et pointue, faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge clair. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales blanchatres floues et peu apparentes, une postbasilaire, une postmediane et une preapicale. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 305 Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Inde : Bombay, Belgaum, Nagargalli, au British Museum. 213. Exocentrus santali Fisher Exocentrus santali Fisher, 1933, Ind. For. Rec. 18/4 : 2. Proche de malloti Fisher, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum un peu plus courte, plus large a la base et plus recourbee et les bandes elytrales plus apparentes. Long. : 5 mm. 1/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : North Salem, Javalagiri au British Museum et Musee de Washington. Madras : Sappal, Palghat (Fisher). 213. Exocentrus pilosicornis Fisher Exocentrus pilosicornis Fisher, 1932, Stylops, 1 : 229. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de deux tiers plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale assez courte, large a la base et assez fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Les premiers articles antennaires garnis de tres longs poils dresses. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Elytres marbres de jaune blanch- atre sauf sur quelques assez grandes taches postmediane brun rougeatre. Long. : 4 mm. 1/4 ; Larg. : i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Inde : Kdai Kanal, au British Museum. 215. Exocentrus subfasciatipennis nom. nov. Exocentrus subfasciatus Pic, 1925, Mel. exot. ent. 43 : 131. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum forte- ment transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre formant sur la moitie anterieure des elytres de nombreuses bandes longitudinales lineiformes. Sur chaque elytre une bande transversale postmediane tres ondulee d'un brun assez fonce et une petite tache discale preapicale circulaire de meme couteur. Les poils dresses du dessus noirs, ceux du bord lateral des elytres et des pattes, blancs. Antennes a pubescence brun fonce. Long. : 4 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Inde meridionale a la coll. Pic, sous le nom de sub- fasciatus. Ce nom etant preoccupe je le change subfasciatipennis. ENTOM. 7. 5. 17 306 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 216. Exocentrus indicola Fisher Exocentrus indicola Fisher, 1931, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 297, 321. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, assez fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et assez grossierement ponctues. Noir, pronotum rouge et couvert d'une fine pubescence doree. Long. : 6 mm. 1/4 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Madras, Sappal, Palghat, au British Museum et au Musee de Washington. 217. Exocentrus kuluensis Breuning Exocentrus kuluensis Breuning, 1957, Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey, 8 : 277. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une tres courte et tres large epine laterale conique recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales blanchatres floues et peu apparentes, une postbasilaire, une mediane et une preapicale. Long. : 2 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un exemplaire de Kashmir : Kulu, 1200 m. alt., leg. C. Rost dans la coll. Frey. 218. Exocentrus reticulatus Fairmaire Exocentrus reticulatus Fairmaire, 1896, Ann. Soc. ent. Belg. 40 : 382. Pseudocentrus lineellus Fairmaire ,1901, Rev. d'Ent. 20 : 231. Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) reticulatus Fairmaire, Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) reticulatus Fairmaire & Breuning, 1957, Fuane de Madag. 4: 242, fig. 79, Antennes un peu plusjongues que le corps ; le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum a ponctuation tres fine et extremement dense. Pronotum fortement trans- verse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement ranges. Rouge, la tete, le pronotum, 1'ecusson, le dessous et les pattes couverts d'une fine pubescence gris clair, le pronotum avec deux taches discales circulaires brunes floues. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et ornes de bandes lontigudinales gris clair souvent interrompues et faisant defaut sur remplacement d'une assez grande tache transversale postmediane laterale qui n'atteint pas la suture mais s'elargit en direction de la marge externe. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre. Long. : 4-6 mm. ; Larg. : I mm. 3/4-2 mm. Decrit sur des individus de Madagascar : Diego Suarez, au Museum de Paris. Suberbieville (idem). E. lineellus Fairmaire est un synonyme. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 307 219. Exocentrus subreticulatus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) subreticulatus Breuning, 1957, Faune de Madag. 4 : 242. Exocentrus reticulatus Aurivillius (nee Fairmaire), 1922, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 10 : 29. Proche de reticulatus Fairmaire, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum un peu plus courte, les elytres plus finement ponctues et parsemes de granules minimes denudees, ornes de taches blanchatres floues rangees en series longitudinales, mais ne formant pas directement des bandes longitudinales et faisant defaut sur remplacement d'une tache postmediane plus grande. Decrit sur des individus des Seychelles : Mahe, au British Museum. 220. Exocentrus subexiguus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) subexiguus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 17. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue et fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et assez grossiere- ment ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Entierement herisse de longs poils dresses, ces poils noirs sur le dessus, blancs sur le bord lateral des elytres, sur les pattes et sur les antennes. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Pronotum avec deux vagues bandes longitudinales noiratres, assez rapprochees de la ligne mediane. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches denudees et ornes de trois bandes transver- sales noirates peu nettes : une assez large postbasilaire quie remonte en direction de 1'ecusson, une large postmediane qui n'atteint pas tout a fait la suture et une etroite preapicale ondulee ; la partie apicale de 1'elytre couverte de pubescence jaunatre. Tibias et antennes rougeatres, a tres fine pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de Somalie : Dagahbur, Ogaden, au British Museum. 221. Exocentrus pseudexiguus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) pseudexiguus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 18. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale mince et pointue, seulement faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points sub- alignes. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de taches minimes denudees et ornes d'une assez large bande transversale postmediane ondulee brun fonce vague. Pattes a pubescence tres eparse. Antennes a pubescence brun fonce. 308 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de Somalie ; Prov. Mudugh, au British Museum. Arfam (idem). 222. Exocentrus inclusus Pascoe Exocentrus inclusus Pascoe, 1859, Trans, ent. Soc. Land. (2) 5 : 38. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, moderement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins alignes. Rouge, convert de pubescence blanchatre entremelee de brun. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches brun fonce rangees en series longitudinales, ornes d'une large bande transversale brune fortement ondulee situee un peu apres le milieu et d'une tache brune discale preapicale qui descend obliquement en direction de la marge externe. Le tiers apical des tibias et les tarses a pubescence brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence brune, la base des articles a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 4-6 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 1/2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de Natal, au British Museum. Transvaal, Zululand (Museum de Paris, coll. Hunt) : South Rhodesie : Sawmills (Musee de Bulawayo). 223. Exocentrus later alls Gahan Exocentrus lateralis Gahan, 1904, Distant Ins. Transvaal, 155, pi. 15, fig. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus long que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale mince dirigee obliquement vers Farriere. Elytres densement et assez finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Rouge, convert d'une tres fine pubescence soyeuse grise. Elytres ornes de nom- breuses assez grandes taches blanchatres rangees en series longitudinales. Sur chaque elytre une etroite bande longitudinale laterale brun fonce s'etendant de la base jusqu'un peu au dela du milieu et couvrant aussi la partie correspondante de 1'epipleure, et une assez grande tache quadrangulaire postmediane subsuturale brun fonce moins nette. Femurs avec assez large anneau postmedian brun fonce. Moitie apicale des tibias, les tarses et les antennes a pubescence brun fonce, le deuxieme article des antennes, la moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4, et la partie basilaire des articles suivants a pubescence blanche. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2-8 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/3-3 mm - Decrit sur des individus du Transvaal : Lydenburg District, au Musee de Pretoria. 224. Exocentrus alternans Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus] alternans Breuning, 1956, Occas. Papers not. Mus. S. Rhodesia, No. 21, B : 87. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 309 recourbee Elytres tres densement et grossierement ponctues, les points serialement disposes, moins regulierement dans le quart sutural. Noir. Joues, tempes, pronotum, prosternum, mesosternum et base des tibias d'un rouge assez fonce. Elytres d'un rouge tres fonce, couverts d'une fine pubescence grise et ornes, chacun, de douze bandes longitudinales blanches alternantes de facon que les impaires sont plus larges que les paires (lineif ormes) . Antennes a pubescence noire, la moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4 et la base des articles 5 a 9 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 8 mm. ; Larg. : 3 mm. Decrit sur un individu de South Rhodesie : Khami, au Musee de Bulawayo. 225. Exocentrus albovittipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) albovittipennis Breuning, 1956, Occas. Papers nat. Mus. S. Rhodesia, No. 21, B, 86. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale dirigec droitvers I'arriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Noir, couvert de pubescence grise. Sur chaque elytre neuf bandes longitudinales blanches assez larges, seule la huitieme tres etroite, lineiforme. Tiers basilaire des femurs rougeatre. Pattes et antennes noires a pubescence noire, la base des articles antennaires 3 a 9 a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur un individu de South Rhodesia : V. Falls Range, au Musee de Bulawayo. 226. Exocentrus albovittatus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus] albovittatus Breuning, 1955, Ark.f. Zool. (2) 7, No. 29 : 589. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois et demie plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue forte- ment recourbee, precedee d'uns bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, le points plus ou moins serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum rouge clair, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches de- nudees et ornes, chacun, de huit etroites bandes longitudinales blanchatres dont les deux laterales sont tres etroites, lineif ormes. Pattes et antennes revetus de pubescence brun fonce, 1'extre'me base des articles antennaires a partir du cinquieme a pub- escence blanche. Long. : 8 mm. ; Larg. : 3 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Rhodesie : Sebakwe, au Riksmuseum de Stockholm. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT FIG. 4. Exocentrus albolineatus Breuning. 227. Exocentrus albolineatus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) albolineatus Breuning, 1955, Ann. Mus. civ. Star. Nat. Genova, 68 : 41. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Les bords du pronotum souvent d'un rouge plus clair. Sur chaque elytre dix tres etroites bandes longitu- dinales blanches nettes. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du quatrieme a pubescence blanche. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de Somalie : Giuba, Belet Amin au Musee de Genes. Dagahbur, Ogaden (British Museum) ; Kenya : Mutha et Tsavo-Voi (idem). REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 311 228. Exocentrus multilineatus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) multilineatus Breuning, 1955, Rev. Fr. d'Ent. 22 : 123, fig. 3. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, a ponctuation extremement dense et extremement fine, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence gris clair. Chaque elytre orne de douze bandes longitudinales lineiformes blanches. Tibias, tarses et antennes noirs ; 1' extreme base des articles antennaires 3 a 8 a pubescence blanche. Long. : 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Shimoni, au Museum de Paris. 229. Exocentrus vittulatus Aurivillius Exocentrus vittulatus Aurivillius, 1927, Ark. f. Zool. 19A/17 : 20, fig. 176. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale rapprochee de la base et fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points plus ou moins serialement disposes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Sur chaque elytre six assez etroites bandes longitudinales blanches nettes dans la moitie anterieures, mais seulement vaguement indiquees par places dans la moitie posterieure. Antennes a pubescence d'un brun assez fonce, le tiers basilaire du scape et la moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4 rouge clair a fine pubescence jaune blanchatre. Long. : 5-6 mm. ; Larg. : 2-2 mm. 1/4. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Sassa et Haut Uele Moto, au Musees de Tervueren et de Stockholm. 230. Exocentrus sublateralis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) sublateralis Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : i?- Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long et pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue et forte- ment recourbee, les cotes du pronotum de cette epine au bord anterieur droits d'abord, retrecis seulement peu avant le bord anterieur. Elytres densement et fine- ment ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune pale. Sur chaque elytre deux etroites bandes brun fonce, une longitudinale laterale anterieure et une transversale postmediane fortement ondulec- et precedee de pubescence blanche ; la bande longitudinale atteint 312 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT en arriere la transversale sans toutefois la depasser. Elytres parsemes en plus de taches minimes denudees. Pattes presque sans pubescence. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Voi, au British Museum. 231. Exocentrus densefuscosticticus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus} densefuscosticticus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 14. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue assez fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez finement ponctues, les points subalignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Pronotum et elytres parsemes de nombreuses tres petites taches denudees. Sur chaque elytre une courte bande longitudinale laterale subhumerale noiratre et une assez etroite bande transversale postmediane ondulee noiratre descendant dans la moitie suturale en direction de la suture. Le tiers apical des tibias, les tarses et les antennes a pubescence noire, la moitie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 et 4 et la base des articles 5 a n a pubescence blanche. Long. : 5 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Tana River, Garissa Bura, au British Museum. 232. Exocentrus tippmanni Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus} tippmanni Breuning, 1957, E nt - NachrBl., Wien, 8, No. 3 : 12. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une assez longue et mince epine laterale pointue dirigee directement vers I'arriere. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Le bord anterieur et le bord posterieur du pronotum, la suture et les epipleures des elytres, les genoux et la moitie basilaire des femurs, rouge clair. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches ochracees disposees en forme de deux bandes transversales, une postbasilaire et une postmediane. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme, rouge clair a pubescence blanchatre. Long. : 8 mm. ; Larg. : 3 mm. Decrit sur des individus du Tanganyika, a la coll. Tippmann. 233. Exocentrus mirei Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus mirei Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull, de 1'I.F.A.N. 17, A, No. 3 : 855. Antennes comparativement assez fines, un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 313 trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale peu longue, mince et pointue assez faiblement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, revetu de pubescence brun fonce. Elytres d'un brun rougeatre clair et couverts d'une eparse pubescence jaunatre entremelee d'un peu de gris clair. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du deuxieme couverte de pubescence gris blanchatre. Long. : 7 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de la region saharienne : Ouaddai, Ouadi pres Gouro, au Museum de Paris. 234. Exocentrus crassepunctus Lepesme & Breuning Exocentrus crassepunctus Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull, de 1'I.F.A.N. 17, A, No. 3 : 855. Proche de mirei Lepesme & Breuning, mais 1'epine laterale du pronotum tres fortement recourbee, les elytres sensiblement plus grossierement ponctues, les points encore plus regulierement alignes, les elytres partiellement d'un brun assez fonce et marbres de blanc d'une facon floue. Long. : 6 mm. ; Larg. : 2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de la region saharienne : Air-Bir Douane, au Museum de Paris. 235. Exocentrus subgrisescens Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) subgrisescens Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 133 Antennes un peu plus longues que la corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux trois fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points subserialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris fonce et vaguement marbres de gris blanch- atre et de brun. Sur chaque elytre une assez grande tache postmediane suturale brune, bordee en avant d'une pubescence plutot blanchatre. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a u a pubescence gris clair. Long. : 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg. : 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Mayidi, ay Musee de Tervueren. 236. Exocentrus ghesquierei Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) ghesquierei Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 134. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers Tamere. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs. ENTOM. 7. 5. l8 314 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Vertex et disque du pronotum densement marbres de jaune d'ocre. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun fonce, parsemes dans les deux tiers anterieurs sur la moitie suturale de nom- breuses petites taches blanchatres et densement marbres de jaune d'ocre sur le restant de leur surface a 1'exception d'une vague bande transversale post- mediane ondulee. Pattes et antennes couvertes de pubescence brun fonce ; femurs marbres de jaune d'ocre. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge. Partie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 a n a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Sankuru, Lodja, au Musee de Tervueren. 237. Exocentrus obliquevittatus Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) obliquevittatus Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 14. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et fmement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points subalignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune paille olivatre. Sur chaque elytre une etroite bande transversale mediane d'un brun assez fonce faiblement ondulee dans la moitie laterale et se dirigeant obliquement vers Farriere en direction de la suture dans la moitie suturale. Le tiers apical des tibias, les tarses et les antennes revetus de pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles antennaires 4 a 10 a pubescence grise. Long.: 5-6 mm.; Larg.: 2-2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur des individus du Congo beige : Lukolela, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 238. Exocentrus ochreovitticollis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) ochreovitticollis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 13. Antennes cassees au scape chez 1'unique exemplaire connu. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Rouge, couvert d'une fine pubescence brun rougeatre clair. Pronotum avec deux larges bandes longitudinales discales ochracees. Elytres parsemes de tres nombreuses tres petites taches blanches, rangees, sur chacun, en a peu pres 15 series longitudinales, celles du tiers sutural a peine perceptibles. Pattes jaune rougeatre, la moitie apicale des femurs sauf a 1'apex, le quart apical des tibias et les tarses, noirs. -Scape noir, rouge clair sur le quart basilaire. Long.: 8mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Cameoun : Ja River, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 315 239. Exocentrus ivorensis Breuning Exocentrus (Pseudocentrus) ivorensis Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 16. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum assez densement et tres finement ponctues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale conique pointue recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues, les points subalignes sur la moitie laterale. Rouge, couvert de pubescence jaune blanchatre. Pronotum avec deux bandes longitudinales brun rougeatre, rapprochees de la ligne mediane. Elytres ornes d'une tache triangulaire postscutellaire brun rougeatre et ornes, chacun, de bandes brun rougeatre : une courte bande longitudinale laterale premediane et une assez large bande transversale postmediane, formant avec celle de 1'elytre oppose un grand M. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre, 1'extreme base des articles 3 a ii a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Cote d'lvoire : Dimbokro, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 240. Exocentrus senegalensis sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues presque jusqu'a 1'apex. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Vertex avec deux bandes longitudinales noiratres. Disque du pronotum avec quatre bandes longitudinales noiratres. Elytres parsemes de nombreuses petites taches circulaires brun noir et ornes, chacun, d'une grande tache basilaire noiratre basilaire a cote de 1'ecusson et d'une bande transversale noiratre peu large, situee juste apres le milieu. Bord anterieur et posterieur du pronotum et region humerale des elytres a couleur fonda- mentale rouge. Pattes et antennes rouges. La partie preapicale des femurs, le tiers apical des tibias, les tarses, le scape, la partie apicale du deuxieme article des antennes, la moitie apicale des articles 3 a 5, les articles 6 a 10 sauf a la base et tout 1'article onze noirs. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/2. Type du Senegal dans la coll. Frey. 7. EXOCENTR US SOUSGENRE OLIGOPSIS Thomson Oligopsis Thomson, 1864, Syst. Cer.: in. Oligopsis Lacordaire, 1872, Gen. Col. 9 : 806. Ispaterus Fairmaire, 1892, Rev. d'Ent. 11 : 122. Exocentrus Sg. Oligopsis Lepesme & Breuning, 1955, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 60 : 127. Troisieme article beaucoup plus long que le quatrieme. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex, pourvus de points serialement disposes. Type : exocentroides Thomson. Ispaterus Fairmaire est un synonyme. 316 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 241. Exocentrus meridionalis Hunt & Breuning Exocentrus (Oligopsis) meridionalis Hunt & Breuning, 1957, Durban Mus. Novit. 5:62. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps. Le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue assez faiblement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert d'une pubescence jaunatre entremelee de brun rougeatre. Ecusson avec une bande longitudinale mediane brun fonce. Elytres revetus de pubescence jaune paille et ornes, chacun, d'une grande tache circulaire discale basilaire brun fonce, d'une tache brune subhumerale, d'une bande transversale postmediane brun fonce incurvee (a convexite du cote apical) et d'une etroite bande transversale brune preapicale fortement sinuee et peu apparente. Femurs rembrunis partielle- ment. Le scape, le quart apical des articles antennaires 3 et 4, la moitie apicale des articles 5 a 8 et tous les quatre derniers articles brun fonce. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de Zululand : Eteza (leg. Hunt), dans la coll. Hunt. 242. Exocentrus sexseriatus Aurivillius Exocentrus sexseriatus Aurivillius, 1908, Ent. Tidskr. 29 : 129. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum a peine deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assex finement ponctues, les points regulierement alignes. Rouge, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Front et dessous a fine pubescence gris clair. Sur chaque elytre huit bandes longitudinales blanches parcourant la moitie anterieure et huit autres courtes bandes pareilles formant une sorte de large bande transversale postmediane. La partie basilaire des articles antennaires a partir du troisieme a pubescence blanche. Long.: 6 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de Zululand, au Musee de Stockholm. Kenya : Mombasa (British Museum). 243. Exocentrus betschuanus sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce. Front, dessous du corps et femurs revetus d'une fine pubescence grise. Disque du pronotum et elytres tres densement marbres de jaune paille. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches brunes rangees en series longitudinales et ornes, chacun, d'une assez grande tache brune postmediane laterale. Tibias rouge REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 317 clair. Tarses a pubescence brun fonce. Antennes a pubescence brun fonce, le deuxieme article, les deux tiers basilaires des articles 3 et 4, rouge clair. La base des articles 5 a n a pubescence jaune blanchatre. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/4. Type de Betschuanaland : Gaberones, leg. R. Ellenberger, au Museum de Paris. 244. Exocentrus major Breuning Exocentrus (Oligopsis) major Breuning, 1956, Occas. Papers nat. Mus. S. Rhodesia, No. 21, B : 87. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu sur les cotes du disque de quelques points fins et d'une longue epine laterale mince pas tres fortement recourbee et tronquee a 1'apex. Elytres densement et grossierement ponctues, les points serialement disposes, moins regulierement au quart sutural. Brun fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence gris blanchatre. Elytres parsemes de nombreuses petites taches circulaires brun fonce et ornes d'une bande trans- versale peu large et fortement ondulee, brun fonce situee un peu apres le milieu. La partie anterieure du disque du pronotum, les femurs en partie, les tibias et les articles antennaires 2 a 4, rouges. Les antennes revetues de pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles 5 a 10 a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 8 mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu de South Rhodesia : Khami, au Musee de Bulawayo. 245. Exocentrus viridipennis Breuning Exocentrus (Oligopsis) viridipennis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 14. Antennes cassees au cinquieme article chez 1'unique exemplaire connu, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Tete et pronotum tres densement et tres finement ponctues. Prono- tum presque deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue tres mince, dirigee obliquement vers 1'arriere. Elytres tres densement et grossiere- ment ponctues jusque juste avant 1'apex, les points disposees en series longitudinales regulieres. Noir ; la tete en grande partie rouge. Elytres d'un vert metallique, converts d'une pubescence blanchatre extre'mement fine et garnis de longs poils dresses blan- chatres. Les hanches, la moitie basilaire des femurs et le quart basilaire des tibias, rouges. Moitie basilaire des articles antennaires 3 et 4 et tiers basilaire du cin- quieme article a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 8 mm.; Larg.: 3 mm. 1/2. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Kwango, Ngowa a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 318 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 246. Exocentrus unicoloripennis nom. nov. Exocentrus (Ispateus} unicolor Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 19. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres tres densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune grisatre ; les genoux, le deuxieme article des antennes, la moitie basilaire des articles 3 a 6 et la partie basilaire des articles 7 a n, rouges. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Ziwani, au British Museum sous le nom d'uni- color. Ce nom etant preoccupe je le change en unicoloripennis. 247. Exocentrus nigroplagiatus Breuning Exocentrus (Ispateus) nigroplagiatus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 32, No. 25 : 18. Antennes un peu moins longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Prono- tum plus de deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee, precedee d'une bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres densement et grossierement ponctues, les points regulierement alignes. Noir, couvert de pubescence blanchatre. Pronotum orne de quatre grandes taches noires en oval allonge, les internes se joignant presque, chacune des laterales embrassant 1'epine laterale. Sur chaque elytre quatre grandes taches circulaires noires : deux basilaires (une discale et une humerale) et deux medianes (une discale et une laterale) ainsi qu'une etroite bande transversale preapicale ondulee noiratre peu nette. Le sixieme apical de 1'elytre couvert de pubescence ochracee. Moitie basilaire des tibias rouge clair, moitie apicale des tibias et les tarses a pubescence noire. La partie apicale du scape et les articles antennaires 3 et 4, la moitie apicale du cinquieme article et les articles 6 a n, sauf la partie basilaire du sixieme sont revetus de pubescence noire. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu du Kenya : Bura, Garissa, au British Museum. 248. Exocentrus patrizii Breuning Exocentrus (Ispaterus) patrizii Breuning, 1955, Ann. Mus. civ. Star. Nat. Genova, 48 : 41. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme articles un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pro- notum presque deux fois et demie plus large que long, tres densement et tres finement ponctue, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et assez grossierement ponctues, les points assez regulierement alignes. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 319 FIG. 5. Exocentrus patvizii Breuning. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence bran fonce. les elytres ornes dans la moitie anterieure et dans le quart apical de petites laches jaune blanchatre serrees, seriale- ment disposees et condensees sous forme d'une bande transversale mediane ondulee. Pettes et premiers articles antennaires rouges. Les articles antennaires a partir du cinquieme couverts de pubescence gris clair dans le tiers basilaire et de pubescence brun fonce dans les deux tiers apicaux. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu de Somalie : Oiana di Fungalango, au Musee de Genes. Abyssinie : God Adda (British Museum) ; Villagio Duca di Abruzzi (Musee de Stockholm) . 249. Exocentrus longipilis (Fairmaire) Ispateus longipilis Fairmaire, 1892, Rev. d'Ent. 11 : 123. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux plus de deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum plus de deux fois plus large que long, densement et tres finement ponctue, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et peu finement ponctues, les points regulierement alignes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris blanchatre. Pronotum avec quatre bandes longitudinales vagues brunes, les deux internes rapprochees de la ligne 320 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT mediane, chacune des laterales situee centre 1'epine laterale. Elytres parsemes de tres petites taches demidees rangees en series longitudinales et ornes, chacun, d'une assez courte bande transversale mediane brun fonce formant un grand M. La moitie basilaire des tibias rougeatre. Les articles antennaires 3 et 4 sauf a 1'apex, ainsi que le partie basilaire des articles suivants, rouges et converts de fine pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2-6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/3-2 mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu d'Obock a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Djibouti (Museum de Paris) ; Somalie : Dolo, Oddur (Musee de Gnes) ; Abyssinie : Gallococo (Musee de Gnes) ; Dire Daua, Harrar (British Museum) ; Kenya : Mayudi (British Museum) ; Taweta (Museum de Paris) ; Tanganyika : Mt. Mem (Musee de Stockholm). 250. Exocentrus exocentroides Thomson Oligopsis exocentroides Thomson, 1864, Syst. Cer. : in. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les j cues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence brun rougeatre. Elytres ornes de nombreuses petites taches jaunatres rangees en series longitudinales, agglomerees en une etroite bande transversale mediane ondulee et faisant defaut sur 1'emplacement d'une bande transversale postmediane ondulee assez large. L'extreme base des articles antennaires 3 a 10 a pubescence jaune pale. Long.: 5 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu de File Ceylan : Colombo, au Museum de Paris. 251. Exocentrus albizziae Fisher Exocentrus albizziae Fisher, 1932, Ind. For. Rec. 16 : 296, 319. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes sauf sur le quart sutural. Rouge fonce, couvert de pubescence jaune paille. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre et parsemes de nombreuses petites taches jaunes disposees en series longitudinales, mais faisant presque defaut sur remplacement d'une bande trans- versale postmediane qui remonte obliquement en direction de la marge externe, et agglomerees en une etroite bande transversale mediane qui remonte obliquement en direction de la marge externe. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2-7 mm - I / 2 '> Larg.: i mm. 3/4-3 mm. REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 321 Decrit sur des individus de 1'Inde : Madras, Sappal, Palghat, au British Museum et au Musee de Dehra Dun. Nilghiri Hills (British Museum). 251. Exocentrus (Oligopsis) roonwali sp. n. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, assez fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Brun fonce, couvert de pubescence gris clair entremelee de brun sur le disque du pronotum. Elytres reve'tus de pubescence brun fonce et ornes dans la moitie anterieure et dans le quart apical de tres nombreuses petites taches blanchatres, rangees serialement et confluents en partie. Ces taches font defaut sur une large bande transversale postmediane exception faite d'une serie le long de la suture. Pattes et antennes a pubescence brun fonce, la base des articles antennaires 3 a ii a pubescence gris blanc. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Type un individu de 1'Inde : Orissa, Angul, Purnakot Range, au Musee de Dehra Dun. 253. Exocentrus annamensis Breuning Exocentrus (Oligopsis) annamensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 15. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux deux fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recour- bee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues sur les trois quarts anterieurs, les points serialement disposes. Noir, couvert de pubescence brun fonce. Sur chaque elytre deux bandes trans- versales blanchatres floues et peu apparentes, une postbasilaire et une mediane. Long.: 5 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. Decrit sur un individu d'Annam : Muong-sen, sur le Nam-mo, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 254. Exocentrus timorensis Breuning Exocentrus (Oligopsis) timorensis Breuning, 1957, Bull. Inst. roy. Sc. nat. Belg. 33, No. 8 : 14. Antennes d'un quart plus longues que le corps ; le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum deux fois plus large que long, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue forte- ment recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans les deux tiers anter- ieurs, les points y etant serialement disposes, eparsement et tres finement ponctues sur le tiers apical. Rouge, couvert d'une tres fine pubescence blanchatre. Sur la moitie anterieure 322 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT de 1'elytre douze series longitudinales de ties petites taches jaune blanchatre s'etendant a la suture encore un peu plus loin en arriere. Quart apical de 1'elytre couvert de fine pubescence blanchatre et parseme de tres petites taches circulaires denudees. En plus sur chaque elytre une large bande trans verale postmediane brun rougeatre incurvee (a convexite du cote basilaire). Antennes revetues de pubescence brun rougeatre, la moitie basilaire des articles 3 et 4 et la partie basilaire des articles 5 a 9 a pubescence blanchatre. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 3/4. Decrit sur un individu de 1'Ile de Timor, a 1'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. 255. Exocentrus seriatomaculatus Schwarzer Exocentrus seriatomaculatus Schwarzer, 1925, Ent. Bl. 21 : 147 ; Gressit, 1951, Longicornia, 2 : 526. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux de moitie plus longs que les joues. Pronotum presque deux fois et demie plus large que long, pourvu d'une petite epine laterale pointue, dirigee vers 1'arriere. Elytres peu densement et finement ponctues, les points serialement disposes. Rouge fonce, couvert d'une fine pubescence soyeuse grise. Elytres revetus de pubescence brun rougeatre, parsemes de petites taches blanches rangees en sept series longitudinales sur chacun, les rangees 3 a 5 (compte de la suture) interrompues peu largement apres le milieu. Antennes a pubescence brun rougeatre fonce. Long.: 4 mm. 1/2 ; Larg.: i mm. 3/4. Decrit sur des individus de 1'Ile de Formose : Kankau, au Musee de Senckenberg. He Mindanao : Kolambugan (idem). 8. EXOCENTR US SOUSGENRE FORMOSEXOCENTR US NOV. Troisieme article des antennes beaucoup plus long que le quatrieme. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex et pourvus de points irregulierement disposes. Type : Exocentrus variepennis (Schwarzer). 256. Exocentrus variepennis (Schwarzer) Camptomyme ? variepennis Schwarzer, 1925, Ent. Bl. 21 : 147. Exocentrus variepennis (Schwarzer), Gressitt, 1938, Phillipp. Journ. Sc. 65 : 168 ; 1951, Longi- cornia, 2 : 526. Antennes d'un tiers plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article un peu plus long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux un peu plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue fortement recourbee. Elytres assez densement et tres finement ponctues sur les deux tiers anterieurs. Brun noir. Elytres bruns, marbres de blanchatre dans la moitie anterieure et ornes d'une etroit bande transversale postmediane ondulee blanchatre. L'extreme REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 323 base des articles antennaires 4 a 10 a pubescence blanchatre. Entierement garni de longs poils dresses noirs. Long.: 3 mm.; Larg.: i mm. Decrit sur un individu de Tile de Formose : Kankau, au Musee de Senckenberg. 9. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE TUBERCULEXOCENTRUS NOV. Troisieme article des antennes beaucoup plus long que le quatrieme. Elytres arrondis a 1'apex, pourvus de points subserialement disposes ainsi que, chacun, d'une petite bosse discale postbasilaire. Type : Exocentrus basituberculatus Pic. 257. Exocentrus basituberculatus Pic Exocentrus basituberculatus Pic, 1933, Mel. exot. ent. 62 : 29. Antennes un peu plus longues que le corps, le troisieme article aussi long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux sensiblement moins longs que les joues. Pronotum transverse, pourvu d'une epine laterale pointue, fortement recourbee. Elytres densement et finement ponctues dans la moitie anterieure, les points en partie alignes, tres finement et eparsement ponctues dans la moitie posterieure, a angle apical sutural indique, pourvus, chacun, d'une petite bosse discale postbasilaire. Tete, pronotum et quart basilaire des elytres rouge, les trois quarts posterieurs des elytres d'un noir luisant. Chaque elytre avec deux bandes blanchatres floues et peu apparentes, une premediane incurvee et une postmediane transversale. Dessous du corps noir. Prosternum et pattes rouges. Antennes rouges, la moitie apicale du troisieme article et les 4 a n brun fonce, le quart basilaire du quatrieme article a pubescence blanche. Long.: 4 mm.; Larg.: i mm. 2/3. Decrit sur un individu du Tonkin : Hoa-Binh, dans la coll. Pic. 10. EXOCENTRUS SOUSGENRE DENTEXOCENTRUS BREUNING Exocentrus Sousgenre Dentexocentrus Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 135. Troisieme article des antennes un peu moins long que le quatrieme. Chaque elytre etire en une epine apicale. Type : Exocentrus dentipes Breuning. 258. Exocentrus dentipes Breuning Exocentrus (Dentexocentrus) dentipes Breuning, 1956, Bull. Ann. Soc. Roy. ent. Belg. 92 : 13. Antennes aussi longues que le corps, le troisieme article sensiblement moins long que le scape. Lobes inferieurs des yeux quatre fois plus longs que les joues. Pronotum fortement transverse, pourvu d'une assez longue epine laterale pointue 324 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT dirigee vers I'arriere et precedee d'une faible bosse laterale obtuse. Elytres tres densement et tres finement ponctues sur les quatre cinquiemes anterieurs et etires, chacun, en une epine apicale. Noir, couvert de pubescence noire. Sur chaque elytre trois bandes transversales ondulees, une mediane blanchatre, une postbasilaire et une preapicale gris clair, la premiere etroite, les deux autres assez larges. Dessous du corps a pubescence gris blanchatre. Tibias et antennes rouges. Long.: 6 mm.; Larg.: 2 mm. 1/3. Decrit sur un individu du Congo beige : Riv. Mamboyo, Dongo au Musee de Tervueren. INDEX ALPHABfiTIQUE actinophorae Fisher, 222, 290 acutispina Fairmaire, 219, 283 adspersus Mulsant, 214, 227 albizziae Fisher, 225, 320 alboguttatus Fisher, s.sp., 292 albolineatus Breuning, 225, 310 albomaculatus Pic, 213, 234 alboscutellaris Breuning, 218, 271 alboseriatus Gahan, 223, 298 albosignatus Lepesme & Breuning, 220, 253 albosticticus Breuning, 213, 243 albostictipennis Breuning, 220, 260 albostriatus Hintz, 219, 255 albovarius Fisher, 214, 230 albovittatus Breuning, 225, 309 albovittipennis Breuning, 225, 309 alluaudi Breuning, 220, 267 alni Fisher, 223, 301 alternans Breuning, 225, 308 andamanensis Fisher, 223, 298 angusticollis Fisher, 219, 280 annamensis Breuning, 226, 321 armatus Hintz, 216, 249 artocarpi Fisher, 221, 286 asmarensis Breuning, 214, 239 aureomaculatus Aurivillius, 219, 262 aureopilosus Breuning, 218, 267 badius Fisher, 214, 230 balteata Gyllenhall, 226 balteus Schiodte, 226 Barbierexocentrus Breuning, 212, 288 barbieri Pic, 221, 288 basilanus Breuning, 219, 280 basirufus Gressitt, 218, 272 basituberculatus Pic, 226, 323 bauhiniae Fisher, 213, 232 beesoni Fisher, 215, 235 betschuanus Breuning, 226, 316 bialbomarmoratus Breuning, 215, 243 bicolor Pascoe, 216, 282 bicolor Pic, 300 bicoloripennis Breuning, 221, 287 bifasciatus Lepesme & Breuning, 260 binaluensis Breuning, 216, 280 binhensis Breuning, 224, 297 birmanus Breuning, 218, 271 blotei Breuning, 222, 290 brevis Jordan, 260 brevisetosus Gressitt, 214, 229 callioides Pascoe, 216, 282 Camptomyme Pascoe, 213, 246 carissae Fisher, 218, 270 celebicus Breuning, 222, 292 centenes Pascoe, 221, 286 Centenexocentrus Breuning, 212, 221 centenoides Breuning, 221, 286 championi Fisher, 223, 302 chatter jeei Fisher, 220, 270 chevangeoni Lepesme & Breuning, 218, 247 ciliatissimus Gressitt, 217, 283 clarae Mulsant, 227 coeruleus Breuning, 216, 254 collarti Breuning, 223, 301 conradti Breuning, 218, 251 constricticollis Gressitt, 221, 273 coomani Pic, 275 costatus Breuning, 219, 277 crassepunctus Lepesme & Breuning, 222, 313 crinitus Panzer, 226 cudraniae Fisher, 224, 302 curtipennis Pic, 228 cyaneus Breuning, 216, 277 dalbergiae Fisher, 224, 302 dalbergianus Gressitt, 223, 294 decellei Breuning, 214, 241 decor sei Breuning, 219, 249 densefuscosticticus Breuning, 225, 312 Dentexocentrus Breuning, 212, 323 dentipes Breuning, 226, 323 diver sleeps Pic, 222, 300 downingi Fisher, 216, 235 drescheri Fisher, 219, 278 echimys Pascoe, 215, 231 echinulus Gahan, 220, 261 enganensis Breuning, 213, 233 erinaceus Pascoe, 216, 231 exiguus Gahan, 220, 262 exocentroides Thomson, 225, 320 Exocentrus Mulsant, 213, 226 explanatidens Pic, 217, 271 fasciolatus Bates, 220, 274 femoralis Hintz, 216, 250 fernandopoanus Baguena & Breuning, 217, 248 ficicola Fisher, 221, 270 fisheri Gressitt, 221, 294 flavofasciatus Breuning, 219, 260 326 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT flemingiae Fisher, 222, 299 Formosexocentrus Breuning, 213, 322 fouqueti Pic, 222, 296 freyi Breuning, 216, 244 fumosus Gahan, 224, 298 fuscoscapus Breuning, 299 fuscosignatipennis Hunt & Breuning, 220, 263 fuscosignatus Breuning, 214, 242 fuscovittatus Breuning, 219, 267 galloisi Matsushita, 214, 228 gardneri Fisher, 223, 304 gardnerianus Breuning, 220, 266 gedeensis Breuning, 217, 278 ghesquierei Breuning, 223, 313 graecus Pic, 228 granulicollis Fisher, 222, 301 greviae Fisher, 223, 303 grisescens Jordan, 215, 241 grossepunctatus Breuning, 218, 261 guineensis Breuning, 220, 246 guttulatus Bates, 224, 292 hageni Breuning, 213, 233 hallei Lepesme & Breuning, 215, 243 hirtus Fisher, 220, 279 hispiduloides Breuning, 221, 285 hispidulus Pascoe, 221, 284 humeralis Aurivillius, 216, 279 hupehensis Gressitt, 217, 273 immaculatus Gressitt, 222, 293 inclusus Pascoe, 224, 224, 308 indicola Fisher, 222, 306 insularis Fisher, 219, 281 insular is Fisher, 232 insulicola Breuning, 214, 232 interruptefasciatus Hunt & Breuning, 214, 238 Ispaterus Fairmaire, 315 ivorensis Breuning, 224, 315 javaensis Breuning, 217, 278 jeanneli Breuning, 220, 266 josephi Duvivier, 215, 240 kalshoveni Fisher, 219, 277 kashmirensis Breuning, 215, 237 klapperichi Breuning, 214, 236 kuluensis Breuning, 224, 306 lachrymosus Pascoe, 213, 232 lacteolus Distant, 213, 238 latefasciatipennis Breuning, 219, 248 latefasciatus Hunt & Breuning, 218, 265 lateralis Gahan, 223, 308 lateralis Pic, 222, 300 lateraloides Breuning, 300 latevittipennis Breuning, 220, 256 leucolineatus Breuning, 219, 256 leucostriatus Breuning, 219, 255 lineatus Bates, 215, 229 lineellus Fairmaire, 306 lineolatus Miiller, 219, 269 longipilis Fairmaire, 225, 319 lusitanicus Olivier, 226 lusitanus Linne\ 215 226 maculatus Hintz, 251 madecassus Fairmaire, 215, 237 maiae Lepesme & Breuning, 216, 247 major Breuning, 225, 317 malloti Fisher, 224, 304 marginicollis Fisher, 223, 297 marmoratus Hintz, 251 massarti Breuning, 214, 241 meridionalis Breuning, 225, 316 m-fuscus Breuning, 215, 244 mindanaoensis Fisher, 221, 286 mindoroanus Breuning, 223, 291 mindoroensis Breuning, 222, 291 minimus Breuning, 218, 248 mirei Lepesme & Breuning, 222, 312 miselloides Breuning, 2 17, 282 misellus Lameere, 217, 275 moerens Pascoe, 217, 275 monticola Fisher, 224, 303 multiguttulatus Pic, 218, 275 multilineatus Breuning, 225, 311 multivittatus Breuning, 218, 256 murinus Breuning, 221, 264 neopomerianus Breuning, 221, 285 niger Breuning, 216, 257 nigrescens Breuning, 218, 258 nigricollis Hintz, 221, 252 nigronotatus Pic, 223, 296 nigroplagiatus Breuning, 225, 318 nitens Jordan, 217, 250 nonymoides Jordan, 218, 254 obliquevittatus Breuning, 225, 314 obscurior Pic, s.sp., 293 occidentalis Breuning, 214, 245 ochreopunctatus Breuning, 215, 240 ochroevitticollis Breuning, 225, 314 Oligopsis Thomson, 213, 225 orientalis Breuning, 220, 265 ortmansi Gahan, 241 REVISION DU GENRE EXOCENTRUS MULSANT 327 parrotiae Fisher, 214, 236 parterufipennis Breuning, 221, 291 patrizii Breuning, 226, 318 philippinensis Breuning, 216, 281 philippinus Fisher, 215, 231 philippinus Fisher, 281 pici Breuning, 215, 230 pilosicornis Fisher, 221, 305 plagiatus Hintz, 214, 242 pseudandamanensis Breuning, 213, 234 pseudexiguus Breuning, 224, 307 Pseudocentrus Fairmaire, 213, 289 pseudomurinus Breuning, 221, 269 pseudonitens Breuning, 217, 266 pseudoruficollis Breuning, 213, 239 pubescens Fisher, 223, 304 pubicornis Schrank, 226 punctipennis Mulsant & Guillebeau, 214, 228 quercus Rossi, 226 raffrayi Breuning, 220, 268 revelieri Mulsant & Rey, 227 reticulatus Fairmaire, 223, 306 rhodesianus Breuning, 218, 262 roonwali Breuning, 225, 321 rubripennis Pic, 298 rufescens Pic, 293 ruficollis Lameere, 213, 238 ruficolor Pic, 222, 295 vuficovnis Hintz, 217, 252 rufiscapus Pic, 299 rufithorax Gressitt, 222, 294 rufoampliatus Breuning, 222, 300 rufobasiantennalis Breuning, 221, 287 rufobasicornis Breuning, 220, 258 rufobasipennis Breuning, 222, 300 rufohumeralis Breuning, 221, 290 rufotibialis Breuning, 220, 246 rufus Breuning, 216, 257 saitoi Matsushita, 222, 294 saleyerianus Breuning, 224, 298 santali Fisher, 224, 305 savioi Pic, 214, 228 schoutedeni Breuning, 218, 259 senegalensis Breuning, 224, 315 seriatomaculatus Schwarz, 225, 322 seriatopunctatus Aurivillius, 221, 285 seriatus Jordan, 220, 252 seticollis Fisher, 224, 303 sexseriatus Aurivillius, 225, 316 signatus Mulsant & Rey, 228 signatus Pic, 230 sjostedti Breuning, 219, 265 stierlini Ganglbauer, 215, 227 Striatexocentrus Lepesme & Breuning, 246 strigosus Jordan, 219, 251 subarmatus Baguena & Breuning, 216, 249 subbicolor Breuning, 222, 300 subbidentatus Gressitt, 217, 273 subconjunctus Gressitt, 293 subexiguus Breuning, 224, 307 subfasciatipennis Breuning, 224, 305 subfasciatus Jordan, 220, 253 subfasciatus Pic, 305 subglaber Fisher, 216, 279 subgrisescens Breuning, 223, 313 subinclusus Hunt & Breuning, 218, 264 sublateralis Breuning, 223, 311 sublineatus Breuning, 215, 233 submisellus Breuning, 217, 276 submoerens Breuning, 217, 274 subnitens Breuning, 216, 250 subpilosus Filler & Mitterpiller, 226 subplagiatus Breuning, 214, 242 subreticulatus Breuning, 223, 307 subruficollis Breuning, 213, 239 subrufus Breuning, 216, 258 subseriatus Breuning, 220, 263 substrigosus Hunt & Breuning, 218, 263 sudanicus Aurivillius, 221, 268 sumbawanus Breuning, 223, 289 sumatranus Breuning, 218, 276 sumatrensis Fisher, 219, 276 suturalis Pic, 215, 234 tectonae Fisher, 223, 289 terminaliae Fisher, 222, 304 tesselatus Perroud, 213, 236 testaceus Fisher, 222, 299 testudineus Matsushita, 213, 229 theresae Pic, 224, 295 timorensis Breuning, 225, 321 tippmanni Breuning, 224, 312 tonkineus Pic, 223, 296 transeuns Breuning, 216, 281 transversifrons Fisher, 215, 235 trifasciatus Fisher, 224, 302 trifasciellus Gressitt, 217, 272 trinigrovittatus Breuning, 215, 239 tristis Pascoe, 216, 282 Tuberculexocentrus Breuning, 213, 323 ugandicola Breuning, 214, 240 undulatofasciatus Lepesme & Breuning, 235 unicolor Breuning, 318 unicolor Fisher, 216, 281 328 REVISION DU GENRA EXOCENTRUS MULSANT unicoloripennis Breuning, 226, 318 univittatus Breuning, 217, 247 vagemaculatus Breuning, 217, 257 vagesticticus Breuning, 218, 259 vaneyeni Breuning, 218, 259 variegatus Duvivier, 220, 260 variepennis Schwarz, 226, 322 viridipennis Breuning, 225, 317 vittatus Fisher, 219, 269 vittulatus Aurivillius, 225, 311 Woodlarkexocentrus Breuning, 212, 288 woodlarkianus Breuning, 221, 288 ziczac Breuning, 215, 244 zikaweiensis , Savio, 222, 295 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), LONDON P. WYGODZINSKY BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 6 LONDON : 1958 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), LONDON BY P. WYGODZINSKY Institute Miguel Lillo, Tucumdn, Argentina Pp. 329-346 ; 68 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 6 LONDON: 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in five series corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical Series. Parts appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. 6 of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum, 1958 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM Issued October, 1958 Price Six Shillings NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), f LONDON By P. WYGODZINSKY THE species of Emesinae described and discussed in the present paper were sent to me for study by Dr. W. E. China and N. C. E. Miller and belong to the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). My thanks are due to the gentlemen mentioned for giving me the opportunity to examine these insects. Bagauda aurarius sp. n. Female. Length 6-5 mm. Head, fore lobe of pronotum, coxae and abdomen ventrally, golden-brown. Hind lobe of pronotum dark brown, with a delicate line along middle, whitish ; disk with i + i sublateral fasciae golden-brown. Scutellum and postscutellum dark brown. Fore wings brownish, veins dark brown, those limiting large cell, yellowish, most veins bordered with yellow ; a few short stripes of the same colour on apical portion of fore wings. Connexival segment with one- third yellow and two-thirds piceous. Antennae and mid and hind legs uniformly dark brown. Shape of head as in Text-figs, i and 2. Eyes rather small, subcircular in lateral aspect, not attaining level of apparent dorsal and ventral surface of head. Distance between eyes dorsally about twice their width. Shape and relative size of segments of rostrum as in Text-fig. 2. Antennae bare ; second segment slightly shorter than first. Postocular portion of head with sides moderately convergent posteriorly ; postero-lateral angles prominent in dorsal view ; strongly declivous behind in lateral aspect. Shape of pronotum as in Text-figs, i and 2. Fore and hind lobe of subequal length. Fore lobe subcylindrical, very slightly widened about middle, slightly convex above, almost smooth, without impressed longitudinal line. Hind lobe somewhat widened posteriorly, hind border slightly emarginate ; surface distinctly granulose. Fore lobe laterally with a distinct longitudinal carina which attains anterior portion of hind lobe. Scutellum and postscutellum each with a rather wide median carina. Fore wings attaining apex of abdomen, their shape and venation as in Text-fig, i. First r-m cross- vein situated basad of basal angle of large discal cell ; vein emanating from apex of said cell much shorter than the latter. ENTOM. 7. 6. I9 332 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) Legs slender. Coxa of first pair as long as fore lobe of pronotum. Femur moderately widened (Text-fig. 3) . Postero- ventral series beginning at some distance from base of article, composed of several rather large spine-like setae, followed by 5 large and about 25 short spines (Text-fig. 4). Antero- ventral series widely inter- rupted at base (Text-fig. 4), composed of a few rather elongate spine-like setae and about 30 short spinulets. Accessory series well developed, composed of subequal FIGS. 1-7. Bagauda aurarius sp. n. i, General aspect, dorsal view ; 2, head and pro- thorax, lateral aspect ; 3, fore leg ; 4, base of fore femur ; 5, fore tarsus ; 6, spines of under surface of fore tibia ; 7, apex of fore tarsus with claws. Wygodzinsky del. small spinulets. Tibia five-eighths as long as coxa, tarsus as long as tibia, both together slightly shorter than femur. Tibia ventrally with 2 series of spines, some- what different in shape and size (Text-fig. 6). Tarsus as in Text-fig. 5 ; first segment twice as long as second and third together, at base with a fascia of short bristles and on ventral surface with a series of adpressed setae. Claws subequal in size (Text- fig. 7). Mid and hind legs moderately elongate, hind femora surpassing apex of abdomen by 2-5 mm. NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 333 Abdomen subfusiform, widest on posterior third ; under surface moderately convex, subflattened on basal half. Material examined. Gold Coast Colony, Enchi, Capt. B. D. Peake Coll. (i female, holotype) Brit. Mus. 1924 368. This new species is nearest to B. minusculus Villiers, 1949 from which it differs as follows : i. Vein emanating from apex of discal cell three-quarters as long as cell ; basal r-m cross-vein at level of basal angle of discal cell. Connexivum uniformly coloured. Mid and hind femora whitish apically. Fore tarsi with one large and one very small claw .......... minusculus Villiers - Vein emanating from apex of discal cell less than one-half the length of cell ; basal r-m cross- vein basad of basal angle of cell. Connexivum with dark and clear spots. Mid and hind femora uniformly dark. Fore tarsi with claws subequal in size aurarius sp. n. Gardena cheesmanae sp. n. Macropterous male and female. Length n mm. Colour of head, thorax and abdomen, dark piceous ; head somewhat clear-coloured behind eyes and at base of antenniferous tubercles. Antennae and rostrum uniformly dark. Legs dark brown, pigmentation somewhat less intense towards apex of femora and tibiae ; femora of second and third pair with a wide apical and corresponding tibiae with a wide basal annulus, whitish. Fore wings greyish-brown, veins darker. Con- nexivum at segmental borders with a small whitish spot. Surface of head and prothorax strongly polished, bare ; meso- and metathorax, legs and abdomen shining, but covered with microscopic pile, the latter rather dense on abdomen ventrally. Head as in Text-figs. 8 and 9. Width of eyes of male one half, of female one third of the distance between them dorsally ; in lateral view, eyes not attaining level of dorsal and ventral surface of head. Shape and relative size of segments of rostrum as in Text-fig. 9. Postocular region of head rather short, sides strongly convergent in dorsal view, distinctly detached from neck. First segment of antennae of male with not very numerous slender hairs which are hardly longer than diameter of seg- ment, very sparse towards apex of article. Antennae of female completely bare. Length of first segment 5-8-6 mm.; relative length of segments = i : 0-8 : 0-12 : 0-35. Shape of pronotum as in Text-figs 8 and 9 ; fore and hind lobe separated dorsally by a rather wide transverse depression ; posterior border of pronotum bisinuate. Fore lobe microscopically reticulate, pilosity very sparse, posterior longitudinal furrow indistinct. Hind lobe conspicuously wrinkled, with exception of lateral borders and humeral callosities. Fore wings almost attaining apex of abdomen ; their venation as in Text-fig. 14. Hind wings complete. Fore legs as in Text-figs. 10-13. Coxa slightly shorter than pronotum ; tibia about as long as coxa, two-thirds of length of femur. Distance from first spine of postero-ventral series to base of article equal to about one-twelfth of total length of femur, or about twice the length of this spine plus its base. Postero-ventral series composed of about 5 large, 10-12 medium-sized and very numerous small spines 334 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) inserted upon very short bases. Antero-ventral series not interrupted at base, composed of long and short spine-like setae (Text-fig, n). Spines on under surface of tibia short, peg-like (Text-fig. 12). Tarsus as usual for the genus, the three segments of subequal length ; one claw with four small teeth on basal half (Text-fig. 13), the other one simple, with a deep incision at centre of under surface. Mid and hind legs without special characters ; hind femora surpassing apex of abdomen by 4-5 mm. FIGS. 8-20. Gardena cheesmanae sp. n. 8, Head and pronotum of male, seen from above ; 9, head and prothorax, lateral view ; 10, fore leg ; 1 1, base of fore femur ; 12, spines of under surface of fore tibia ; 13, claw of fore leg ; 14, fore wing ; 15, apex of abdomen of male, seen from above ; 16, hypopygium, seen from behind ; 17, apex of abdomen of male, lateral view ; 18, apex of abdomen of female, seen from above and behind ; 19, idem, lateral view ; 20, idem, ventral aspect. Wygodzinsky del. Abdomen elongate fusiform, widest on posterior third. Ventral surface smooth, with very delicate transverse striae ; longitudinal carina absent. The first three visible sternites of subequal length. Sternites II-VI of female emarginate posteriorly, hind border of sternite VII straight across ; genital region of female as in Text-figs. 18-20. Sternites II-VI of male strongly emarginate behind at centre, VII moder- ately so, VIII almost straight across. Genital segments as in Text-figs. 15-17 ; last tergite slender, almost pointed apically, not completely covering genitalia from above ; posterior projection of hypopygium slender, short, not surpassing level of NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 335 superior border of parameres when seen from behind (Text-fig. 16), the latter short, simple. Material examined. Papua, Kokoda, 1,200 ft. X.IQ33, L. E. Cheesman coll. (i male, holotype) Brit. Mus. 1933 427. Dutch New Guinea, Cyclops Mts., Sabron, 2,000 ft., vi.i936 (i female, allotype) Brit. Mus. 1936 271. This species, which is dedicated to its collector, belongs to a group of Oriental and Pacific species characterized by the small body size (15 mm. or less). G. brevicollis Stal, 1870 and G. muscicapa (Bergroth, 1906) are apparently nearest to cheesmanae. The following key shows the relationships of the species mentioned above : 1. Distance from first spine of fore femur to base of article equal to about twice the length of spine with its basal tubercle included (Text-fig. 1 1) .... 2 - Distance from first spine of fore femur to base of article equal to at least five times the length of said spine with its basal tubercle ...... brevicollis St&l. 2. First article of antennae of male with dense hairs several times as long as diameter of segment, on its whole length. Fore and hind lobe of pronotum separated dorsally by a very narrow cleft ; fore lobe with very dense pile, dull appearing ; hind lobe with posterior border straight. Basal region of mid and hind tibiae with a small but distinct dark spot followed by a short white annulus. Last tergite of male relatively wide, subrounded apically ..... muscicapa (Bergroth) - First article of antennae of male on basal half with not very numerous hairs which are not much longer than diameter of segment. Fore and hind lobe of pronotum separated dorsally by a rather extensive depression (Text-fig. 8) ; fore lobe almost without pile, appearing polished ; hind lobe bisinuate at base (Text-fig. 8). Base of mid and hind tibia uniformly white. Last tergite of male rather slender, subpointed apically (Text-fig. 15) cheesmanae sp. n. Dohrnemesa buyassuana sp. n. Macropterous female. Length to apex of fore wings, 15-5 mm., of head and pro- notum together, 6-8, of fore wings, 8-7 mm. General colour clear to dark brown, pattern elements yellowish to white. Body almost bare, some regions with sparse relatively long hairs, especially distinctive on pronotum, ventral surface of meso- and metathorax, and apex of abdomen ventrally. Shape of head as in Text-figs. 21 and 22. Postocular region without dorsal projections, bisinuate laterally, moderately declivous in lateral view ; a few long hairs behind eyes. The latter large, circular in lateral view, not attaining level of dorsal or ventral surface of head ; their distance dorsally only very slightly larger than their width. Shape and relative size of rostral segments as in Text-fig. 22. Antennae slender, bare ; length of first segment, 6-5 mm.; relative length of segments: i : 0-95 : 0-2 : ?. Head dark brown, with 2+2 yellowish spots behind eyes sub- laterally ; neck dorsally and a slender longitudinal line on dorsal surface of postocular portion, yellow. Rostrum piceous, with extreme base of first, apex of second and base of third segment, yellowish. First segment of antennae yellow, with one extremely short basal, one medium sized sub-basal and apical, and two wide sub- median annuli, dark brown ; distance between submedian annuli shorter than their width. Second segment yellowish white, with one sub-basal, two submedian and one subapicat annulus, dark brown, these annuli progressively larger towards apex ; 336 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) distance between annul! as wide as (the two basal) or shorter than (the two apical) anmili. Third segment dark brown, extreme apex whitish. Shape of pronotum as in Text-figs. 21 and 22. Petiole very slender, not distinctly detached from fore lobe, almost twice as long as hind lobe ; the latter with sides almost parallel, accompanied sublaterally on disk by i + i faint but distinct carinae ; humeri very slightly elevated only ; hind border faintly emarginated. Scutellum with a rather long spine, metanotum with a very short projection. Colour of fore FIGS. 21-30. Dohrnemesa buyassuana sp. n. 21, Head and thorax, seen from above ; 22, head and pronotum, lateral view ; 23, fore leg, with colour pattern ; 24, base of fore femur, ventral portion ; 25, spines of under surface of fore tibiae ; 26, fore claw ; 27, fore wing, with colour pattern ; 28, part of venation of fore wing ; 29, venation of hind wing ; 30, abdomen, seen from below. Wygodzinsky del. lobe darker, of hind lobe clear brown, petiole mainly yellowish, with a delicate dark stripe dorsally ; carinae of hind lobe yellowish, shining, rest of surface of hind lobe dull, slightly wrinkled transversally on anterior third. Scutellum with spine yellowish, metanotum dark brown. Lateral and ventral surface of meso- and meta- thorax dark brown, with rather dense short silvery adpressed hairs, partially arranged in fasciae. NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 337 Fore legs very slender (Text-fig. 23). Coxa slightly longer than petiole of prono- tum. Postero- ventral series of femur beginning almost at base of article, composed of about 10 larger and 40 smaller setiferous tubercles beset with short spines, the spines of the larger tubercles about as long as their bases, those of short tubercles longer than the latter (Text-fig. 24). Large tubercles together with their apical spines somewhat shorter than half the length of diameter of segment. Antero- ventral series composed of very short spines. Ventral surface of femur furthermore with two series of long slender strongly sclerotized setae. Tibia ventrally with one row of about 55 short spines of two sizes (Text-fig. 25), and two series of long setae. Tarsus short, as usual for the genus, claws with several appendages on basal half (Text-fig. 26). Mid and hind legs slender, elongate, bare ; hind femora surpassing apex of fore wings by 10 mm. Fore legs yellowish white, with dark annuli as in Text-fig. 23. Mid and hind coxae dark brown ; femora yellowish, with 5-6 dark annuli along their whole length, distance between them about as wide as annuli, apex whitish ; tibiae yellowish-white, on basal half with 4 dark annuli, the first sub-basal one very narrow, the remaining ones wider, but shorter than the distance between them. Fore wings surpassing apex of abdomen by about i mm.; their venation as in Text-figs. 27 and 28 ; basal discal cell elongate apically, cu-an cross-vein situated basad of apex of cell. Colour of fore wings rather uniformly dark brown, large discal cell and apex of wing with faint coarse yellowish reticulation ; apical region of basal discal cell with a diagonal whitish spot which attains both margins. Veins dark or whitish, as in Text-fig. 27. Hind wings complete, their venation as in Text-fig. 29. Abdomen slender at base, somewhat widened posteriorly, connexival margin undulate (Text-fig. 30) ; projections of last three segments the largest, identical in size. Colour of abdomen piceous ventrally, with a few yellowish spots on posterior half ; connexival segments with alternate piceous and yellowish- white portions. Material examined. Parana de Buyassii, Lower Amazon, 17.1.1896, E. E. Austen Coll. (i female, holotype) Brit. Mus. 1896 80. This species differs from D. santosi Wygodzinsky, 1945, and D. lanei Wygodzinsky, 1945 (both from southern Brazil) by the much longer petiole of the pronotum, the distinctly undulate connexival margin and the very different colour pattern of the fore wings ; it differs furthermore from santosi by the cu-an cross- vein inserted basad of the apex of the basal discal cell and from lanei by the small size of the larger spiniferous processes of the fore femora, in addition to other characters. Dohrnemesa exporrecta sp. n. Macropterous male. Length to apex of fore wings, n m. Conspicuously pictured, with pattern elements from white to clear brown and piceous. Very short hairs only present. Shape of head as in Text-figs. 31 and 32. Anteocular portion moderately convex above ; postocular region dorsally behind eyes somewhat salient laterally, strongly elevated at centre and with a short slender spine-like projection ; rather strongly 338 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) declivous behind. Distance between eyes dorsally distinctly less than their width ; eyes rounded in lateral view, slightly surpassing level of inferior margin of head. Size and shape of rostral segments as in Text-fig. 32 ; second as long as first, slightly thickened anteriorly. Antennae not examined. Colour of head piceous, a small spot behind eyes laterally, apex of central dorsal projection, and a slender line on postocular region dorsally, whitish ; clear brown at insertion of rostrum. First segment of rostrum whitish at base and apex, brown centrally ; second segment piceous, white on apical third ; third segment dark brown, white on basal third. Pronotum as in Text-figs. 31 and 32. Fore lobe subglobular in dorsal view, rather sharply detached from petiole, about as long as the latter. Hind lobe three-fourths as long as fore lobe and pedunculate portion together, its sides slightly diverging posteriorly ; humeri with i -f I short but distinct spine-like projec- tions ; posterior border slightly emarginate. Disk smooth, sublaterally with i -f I carinae which are most distinct anteriorly. Scutellum with a very short spine ; spine of metanotum present, its length? (broken). Fore lobe and petiole whitish, the former with a faint brownish tinge, the latter with i + i lateral elongate piceous patches anteriorly, dorsally and posteriorly with a faint brownish longitudinal fascia. Hind lobe dark brown to piceous, rather irregularly mottled with whitish ; carinae and apex of humeral spines, white. Scutellum with spine dark brown, its hind margin very narrowly white. Metanotum dark brown, whitish at insertion of spine. Pattern of prothorax laterally as in Text-fig. 32 ; meso- and metathorax piceous laterally and ventrally, hind border of mesothorax broadly whitish at sides. Fore legs as in Text-fig. 33. Coxa as long as fore lobe and petiole of pronotum together. Postero-ventral series of femur beginning at base of article, composed of 6 large and approximately 45 medium-sized and small spiniferous tubercles (Text-fig. 34) ; spines of large tubercles about as long as the latter, those of small ones con- siderably longer relatively ; large tubercles together with spines as long as diameter of segment. Antero-ventral series not interrupted at base, composed of 12-14 medium-sized spiniferous projections and about 70 small and very small slender spines inserted upon very short bases, these spines become slightly longer towards apex of segment. Setae accompanying antero- ventral series very short and slender, almost indistinguishable from ordinary hairs, those accompanying postero-ventral series large as usual for the genus. Ventral surface of tibia with about 70 small spines of roughly two sizes (Text-fig. 35), arranged in a single series, accompanied by two rows of long setae. Fore tarsus and claws as usual for the genus (Text-fig. 36). Mid and hind legs not examined. Colour of fore legs white, with brown and piceous annuli as in Text-fig. 33. Fore wings surpassing apex of abdomen by about i mm., their shape and venation as in Text-fig. 37. Basal discal cell only slightly elongated at inner apical angle ; cu-an cross-vein inserted very little basad of apex of cell. General colour of fore wings clear brown, mottled with dark brown and piceous ; apical two-thirds of basal discal cell with adjacent regions and i + i large spots laterally beyond apex of discal cell, white. Venation of hind wing as shown for buyassuana. Abdomen as in Text-fig. 38, shortly pedunculate at base, widened on apical two- thirds, with connexival segments strongly lobate, most conspicuously so on segment NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 339 V. Spiracles of segment III shortly pedunculate, the remaining sessile. Dorsal or ventral projections lacking. Ventral surface flattened on anterior, moderately convex on posterior half. Hypopygium short, covered dorsally by the sub triangular eighth tergite (Text-fig. 39), posteriorly with a spine-like upwardly directed pro- FIGS. 31-43. Dohrnemesa exporrecta sp. n. 31, Head and pronotum, dorsal view ; 32, head and prothorax, lateral aspect ; 33, fore leg, with colour pattern ; 34, base of fore femur ; 35, spines of ventral surface of fore tibia ; 36, claw of fore leg ; 37, fore wing, with colour pattern ; 38, abdomen, seen from below ; 39, apex of abdomen of male, seen from above ; 40, apex of hypopygium, high magnification ; 41, paramere ; 42, phallus, dorsal view ; 43, idem, lateral aspect. Wygodzinsky del. 340 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) jection at centre (Text-fig. 40). Shape and chaetotaxy of parameres as in Text-fig. 41. Shape and structure of phallus as in Text-figs. 42 and 43. Material examined. St. Vincent, West Indies, H. H. Smith Coll. (i male, holotype) Brit. Mus. 1895 206. This insect differs from the species included heretofore in Dohrnemesa by numerous characters, such as the much shorter pronotum, the wide abdomen with its flaring connexival segments, the distinctly spined humeri, the almost inconspicuous row of long setae accompanying the antero-ventral series of the fore femora, and the smaller size. " W estermannia " difficilis Dohrn, 1860 (Colombia) is apparently nearly related to the present species, but to judge from its colour characters it is clearly distinct. " W estermannia " difficilis sensu Champion, 1898, is equally different, as shown by the figures given by that author, though it doubtlessly belongs to the same group. Stenolemus eucnemus sp. n. Male. Length to apex of fore wings, 11-2 mm. General colour whitish, pattern elements clear to dark brown. Body surface with rather short and not very dense pubescence ; long hairs present in small number only. Head as in Text-figs. 44 and 45, short. Anteocular region strongly elevated ; postocular region behind constriction dorsally with i + i pointed cone-shaped projections. Eyes very large ; their distance dorsally equal to their width ; their outline almost circular in lateral view, slightly surpassing level of inferior border of head. Rostrum as in Text-fig. 44 ; second segment as long as first, very strongly swollen ; third very slender. Antennae slender ; first and basal third of second segment with a moderate number of long erect hairs ; rest with short pubescence only. Length of first segment 3-2 mm.; relative length of segments = i : 0-9 : O'i5 : ? Colour of head piceous, with most of anteocular region dorsally, apex of postocular projections and a median longitudinal line dorsally on postocular portion, yellowish. Rostrum brown, base and apex of first and apex of second segment, yellow. First segment of antennae yellowish, with three narrow brown annuli, one sub-basal, one submedian and one subapical ; second segment whitish, with three black annuli : one very narrow sub-basal, one wider submedian and one very wide subapical, the latter separated from apex of segment by a narrow white annulus as wide as the sub-basal brown one ; third segment brown, with extreme apex whitish. Shape of prothorax as in Text-figs. 44 and 45. Fore lobe of pronotum very small, globular, distinctly detached from petiole ; the latter more than twice as long as fore, and as long as hind lobe, very slender, cylindrical. Hind lobe bell-shaped, its sides distinctly divergent towards rear, with 2+2 stout projections, those of disk divergent, somewhat larger than the lateral ones (Text-fig. 46). Disk with a distinct median longitudinal depression limited by i + i wide rounded carinae which lead to the submedian projections. Spines of scutellum and metanotum of medium size, subcylindrical, with inconspicuous pubescence only. Thorax without long hairs, its general colour yellowish-white ; petiole and fore lobe of pronotum with faint clear brown pattern elements dorsally ; lateral and ventral surface of meso- NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 341 and metathorax piceous, scutellum and metanotum dark brown, posterior border of scutellum and extreme apices of spines, yellowish. Surface of pronotum polished. Fore legs as in Text-figs. 44 and 47 ; coxa slightly shorter than hind lobe of pro- notum. Large spiniferous processes of femur as in Text-fig. 57, the first inclined towards base, larger than any of the others, followed by another projection almost as large, and 2-3 smaller ones, in addition to the usual short spiniferous projections ; total number of spines of postero-ventral series 17. Colour of fore legs yellowish, with brown annuli as in Text-fig. 44, preapical annulus the darkest. Dark annuli of femur and base of tibia accompanied dorsally by tufts of dark hairs ; rest of fore legs with short pile and isolated long hairs. Femur of second pair with 3 FIGS. 44-51. Stenolemus eucnemus sp. n. 44, Head and thorax, lateral view, only fore leg with colour pattern shown ; 45, head and pronotum, dorsal view ; 46, processes of hind lobe of pronotum, seen from behind ; 47, base of fore femur ; 48, femur and part of tibia of second pair of legs ; 49, fore wing ; 50, abdomen of male, lateral view ; 51, apex of process of hypopygium. Wygodzinsky del. brush-like tufts of medium-sized hairs (Text-fig. 48), the sub-basal and subapical one piceous, the submedian one clear brown ; mid tibia with one piceous sub-basal tuft. Hind femora with 4 tufts, the two basal and the subapical one piceous, the third tuft clear brown. Fore wings rather wide, surpassing apex of abdomen by 2 mm., their shape and venation as in Text-fig. 49, their colour white, pattern elements from clear brown to piceous, their distribution as in Text-fig. 49. Hind wings brownish-white, somewhat darker at apex, their veins dark brown. Abdomen as in Text-fig. 50, without dorsal or ventral projections ; connexival 342 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) angles somewhat salient, the two last lobate. Posterior projection of hypopygium broad, with a short median emargination apically (Text-fig. 51). Colour of abdomen yellowish-white, with extensive piceous pattern as in Text-fig. 50. Surface smooth, almost shining, with sparse short pile and isolated long hairs. Material examined. New Guinea, ter Porten Coll. (i male, holotype). Stenolemus eucnemus is apparently related to 5. muiri (Kirkaldy, 1908) from Fiji, but differs from that species by the smaller number and different colouring of the tufts on mid and hind legs, the absence of wool-like pile on the body, the differ- ent colouring of fore wings and abdomen, and the differently shaped process of the hypopygium. Stenolemus facetus sp. n. Male. Length 11-5 mm. General colour dark brown, pattern elements yellowish white and silvery. Various body regions with short woolly pile ; long hairs sparse. Shape of head as in Text-figs. 52 and 53, subfusiform in lateral view. Postocular region short, with i -f i small but distinct tubercles, strongly declivous behind tubercles, in lateral aspect. Eyes very small, subcircular in outline, far remote from level of dorsal and ventral surface of head, in lateral view ; distance between eyes dorsally equal to twice their width. Shape of rostrum as in Text-fig. 53, second segment very slightly swollen only. Head covered with short woolly pile ; only a few moderately long hairs present. Colour of head dark brown, with a faint median longitudinal stripe on postocular region dorsally, yellowish. Rostrum clear brown, apex of segments yellowish. Length of first segment of antennae 3-8 mm.; relative length of segments = i : i : 0-21 : 0-32. Segments I and II with numerous erect isolated very long hairs ; III and IV with hairs not longer than diameter of segment. Colour of antennae dark brown, first segment with 2 or 3 rather wide faint yellowish annuli, second segment with 3 or 4 more distinct whitish annuli which are slightly shorter than the dark spaces between them ; third uniformly dark, fourth uniformly clear coloured. Pronotum as in Text-figs. 52 and 53. Fore lobe small, sides regularly convergent towards rear ; petiole elongate, twice as long as fore and about as long as hind lobe, slender, distinctly widened posteriorly ; hind lobe bell-shaped, its posterior border distinctly emarginate, disk with 2+2 rather large projections, wide at base, slender and pointed apically (Text-fig. 54) ; disk slightly flattened before submedian projections. Spine of scutellum inclined, of metanotum erect, both slender. Anterior and especially posterior lobe of pronotum covered with short wool-like pile, petiole almost bare, shining. Long hairs in moderate number on petiole and hind lobe. Meso- and metathorax with woolly pile. Colour of thorax dark brown, pile yellowish- brown ; tubercles of collar clear brown ; hind lobe at posterior margin centrally with a small yellowish spot. Meso- and metanotal spine dark brown. Fore legs relatively large and slender. Coxa about as long as hind lobe of pro- notum. Postero- ventral series of femur composed of 5-6 large and about 30 smaller spiniferous processes ; basal process inserted at base of article, somewhat inclined towards base, about as long as diameter of segment and slightly longer and stronger than any of the remaining processes. Antero-ventral series not interrupted at base, NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 343 composed of about 5 small and 35 very small spinulets inserted upon short bases. Tibia with about 40 rather long spines arranged in two irregular series. Colour of fore legs clear brown inclusive spiniferous processes of femora ; coxa with one large median and one short apical annulus, yellowish ; trochanter yellow ; femur with four wide yellowish annuli, one sub-basal, two submedian and one apical ; tibia with 4 or 5 faint yellowish annuli ; tarsi yellowish. Moderately long hairs present on all segments, not forming tufts. Mid and hind legs slender ; hind femora surpas- sing apex of fore wings by about 4 mm. Long hairs isolated. Femora II with a dorsal tuft somewhat basad of middle (Text-fig. 56) ; femora III with a similar though smaller dorsal tuft sub-basally and a large tuft occupying both surfaces at FIGS. 52-58. Stenolemus facetus sp. n. 52, Head and pronotum, seen from above ; 53, idem, lateral view ; 54, processes of posterior lobe of pronotum, seen from behind ; 55, base of fore femur ; 56, portion of femur of second pair of legs ; 57, fore wing ; 58, abdomen of male, dorsal view. Wygodzinsky del. centre. Tibiae II and III at some distance from base with a tuft occupying both surfaces. Colour of femora and tibiae dark brown, somewhat clearer towards base of femora and on apical half of tibiae ; annuli very faint ; tufts dark brown. Shape and venation of fore wings as in Text-fig. 57 ; posterior discal cell not subdivided. Pattern of fore wing as in Text-fig. 57 ; general colour dark brown ; reticulation of cells yellowish ; large clear spots silvery white, nacreous. Hind wings entirely dark brown, veins and faint reticulation slightly clearer. Fore wings surpassing apex of abdomen by about i mm. Abdomen widely oval, shortly pedunculate at base (Text-fig. 58) ; angles of connexival segments salient ; spiracles inserted on ventrally situated conical pro- jections ; other dorsal or ventral projections lacking. Ventral surface with short woolly pile and not very numerous long hairs. Colour dark brown, connexivum partly yellowish. Posterior projection of hypopygium short, truncate apically. 344 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) Material examined. Philippinen, Boettcher (i male, holotype, ex Taeuber coll.) Brit. Mus. 1949 474. Stenolemus facetus sp. n. seems to be most nearly related to 5. plumosus Stal, 1870, equally from the Philippine Islands. The two species may be distinguished by the following set of characters : i. Petiole of pronotum longer than hind lobe. Petiole dorsally, processes of hind lobe, and spine of scutellum, mainly whitish. Spiniferous processes of fore femora, whitish. Femur II without, femur III with two complete tufts of dark hairs. Articulation of hind femora and tibiae broadly white . . . . . plumosus Stal - Petiole of pronotum not longer than hind lobe. Petiole dorsally, processes of hind lobe and spine of scutellum, dark brown. Spiniferous processes of fore femora, dark brown. Femur II with one dorsal, femur III with one dorsal and one complete tuft of dark hairs. Articulation of hind femora and tibiae brown . . . .facetus sp. n. Stenolemus ornatus shinyanga subsp. n. Female. Length to apex of fore wings 15 mm. General colour yellowish white, pattern elements brown. Hairs long, not very numerous. Head as in Text-figs. 59 and 60. Distance between eyes dorsally one and a half times their width ; in lateral aspect, eyes not attaining level of dorsal or ventral surface of head, their shape subsemicircular. Postocular portion of head rather high, with a faint median longitudinal sulcus dorsally, without distinct projections. Rostrum as in Text-fig. 60 ; first segment stout, second moderately swollen, third slender. First segment of antennae with numerous very long hairs, the remaining with short pile only. Length of first segment 4 mm.; relative length of segments = i : 0-8 : 0-17 : ? Under surface of head dark ; dorsal surface whitish before eyes, dark behind, with a median longitudinal stripe dorsally and a spot behind each eye laterally, whitish. Rostrum dark ; first segment apically, second apically and ventrally, third entirely, whitish. Antennae of the general colour ; first segment with four dark brown annuli, one very narrow apical, one very wide subapical, another one submedian, and one medium-sized sub-basal, the latter somewhat clearer than the remaining ; second segment with one very narrow basal, one wide apical and two wide submedian annuli, the white spaces between them shorter than the dark ones ; third segment entirely brown. Pronotum as in Text-figs. 59 and 60. Fore lobe approximately bell-shaped, narrower towards rear ; pedunculate portion slightly longer than fore lobe ; hind lobe subtriangular, near posterior border with i + i rather short cone-shaped projections (Text-fig. 62) ; disk flattened above at centre, depressed portion limited by i + i rather wide low carinae which terminate posteriorly at projections ; hind margin of pronotum almost straight across. Spine of scutellum slender, pointed apically, almost horizontal ; metanotal spine erect, slightly thickened at apex. Pronotum of the general body colour, petiole darkened above, fore lobe dorsally with i + i submedian dark irregularly shaped stripes, also somewhat darkened below. Spines of scutellum and metanotum white. Fore legs as in Text-figs. 60 and 63. Coxa somewhat shorter than fore lobe and petiole of pronotum together. Femur slender. Postero-ventral series composed of NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) 345 5 large and 25 smaller spiniferous projections ; basal process inserted at a slight distance from base of article, inclined towards the latter, slightly larger than any of the others. Antero-ventral series not interrupted at base, composed of about 40 subequal spinulets inserted upon short bases. Tibiae with about 30 short spines arranged in two irregular series. Dark annuli of fore legs as in Text-fig. 60. Mid and hind legs slender ; hind femora surpassing apex of fore wings by about 3 mm. Colouring of coxae as in Text-fig. 66. Trochantera whitish. Femora with five dark annuli (apices and bases white), the two sub-basal annuli on femur II rather short, clear brown, the three remaining ones and all annuli of hind femora, wide, dark brown. Tibiae with an indistinct brown spot at base, followed by a wide white and a wide brown annulus, rest of tibiae yellowish-white. Hairs of mid and FIGS. 59-68. Stenolemus ornatus shinyanga subsp. n. 59, Head and pronotum, seen from above ; 60, head and prothorax, lateral view ; 61, colour pattern of first antennal segment ; 62, processes of posterior lobe of pronotum, seen from behind ; 63, base of fore femur ; 64, portion of hind femur ; 65, fore wing ; 66, meso- and metathorax and base of abdomen, ventral aspect. 67, Stenolemus edwardsii, base of fore femur. 68, Stenolemus papuensis, base of fore femur. Wygodzinsky del. hind legs very long, moderately numerous, their arrangement identical on clear and dark portions (Text-fig. 64). Shape and venation of fore wings as in Text-fig. 65 ; posterior cell not subdivided. Pattern of fore wing as in Text-fig. 65 ; hind wings whitish, slightly darkened at apex. Fore wings surpassing apex of abdomen by about 3 mm. Abdomen slender, fusiform, widest on posterior third ; angles of connexival segments not salient. Spiracles inserted on small cone-shaped projections. Dorsal or ventral processes lacking. Colour of anterior portion of abdomen ventrally mainly clear, on posterior half mainly dark. 346 NEW AND LITTLE KNOWN EMESINAE (REDUVIIDAE, HEMIPTERA) Material examined. Tanganyika, Old Shinyanga, at light, 5. 1.1953, E. Burtt Coll. (i female, holotype). The present specimen is very similar to Stenolemus ornatus Villiers, 1949 (Belgian Congo). However, it is very considerably larger than the type of ornatus (15 versus 9 mm.) which is much more than the normal range of variability in species of the present genus. The remaining characters given in the rather short description of Villiers' species agree with those found in the specimen from Tanganyika, though a detailed comparison might show additional differences. Under these circumstances, a subspecific status for the insect examined now seems justified. Stenolemus papuensis Horvath Material examined. Kokoda, Papua, 1,200 ft., v, vi, viii and ix.i933, L. E. Cheesman Coll. (3 males, i female) Brit. Mus. 1933 427. The specimens agree quite well with Horvath's 1914 original description. 5. papuensis is very much like edwardsii Bergroth, 1916, now known to be widely distributed over Australia. The main difference is found in the size and distribution of the spiniferous processes of the fore femora : in edwardsii, the basal process of the postero-ventral series is slightly but distinctly longer than any of the others (Text-fig. 67), whilst in papuensis the third process is decidedly the largest (Text-fig. 68) ; in edwardsii the large spiniferous processes also seem to be somewhat more numerous. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA AND ON SOME TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA D. E. KIMMINS BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 7 LONDON : 1958 NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA AND ON SOME TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA BY D. E. KIMMINS -\\AA Department of Entomology, British Museum (NaturaJ History) Pp. 347-368 ; 14 Text-figures BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 7 No. 7 LONDON: 1958 THE BULLETIN OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), instituted in 1949, is issued in five series, corresponding to the Departments of the Museum, and an Historical series. Parts will appear at irregular intervals as they become ready. Volumes will contain about three or four hundred pages, and will not necessarily be completed within one calendar year. This paper is Vol. 7, No. 7 of the Entomological series. Trustees of the British Museum, 1958 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM Issued October, 1958 Price Seven Shillings NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA By D. E. KIMMINS FROM time to time, when dealing with small collections of Odonata accessions in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), isolated new species have been noticed and described. As the collections themselves were not of sufficient interest to warrant separate publication, the descriptions have accumulated and it is now considered desirable to publish them in a short paper, since the specimens are in the Museum collections under manuscript names. Five species and one subspecies are described and notes are given on a previously described species. Protosticta rufostigma sp. n. (Fam. Platystictidae) (Text-fig, i) S. INDIA: Tinnevelly District, Naraikadu, 2,500-3,000 ft., 3-8. ix. 1938, G. M. Henry, i & 2 ?. c. Head with labium brownish black, labrum light blue, rather broadly bordered with brownish black on anterior margin. Clypeus pale blue, frons glossy blue-black, vertex and occiput rather dull blue-black. Prothorax greenish white, posterior lobe blackish, this colour extending slightly on to the middle of the mid-lobe. Synthorax greenish black, with a bluish white, oblique stripe on each side to the mid legs and a similar stripe on the posterior part of the metepimeron, extending on to the hind legs. Legs brownish white. Abdomen blackish brown, marked with yellowish white and with blue as follows : Segment i, and possibly 2, yellowish white laterally ; segment 3 with a narrow, basal annule of yellowish white, divided dorsally with blackish, segments 4-7 with broader, yellowish white annules, only slightly widened laterally, segment 8 with its basal half blue, not extended apically at sides, 9 and 10 black. Anal appendages black (Text-fig. IB-D) ; similar in general pattern to P. davenporti Fraser, but the superiors with the basal tooth less acute and the thumb-like lobe more slender. Inferiors in dorsal aspect a little stouter. Wings hyaline, very faintly smoky ; pterostigma (Text-fig. IA) rather large, reddish brown (when viewed against a dark ground there is a narrow surround of whitish pruinescence) ; 14 postnodals in fore wing, 13 in hind wing ; Riv -f v arising well distal to subnode. $. Head and thorax similar to male. Legs paler, knees and dorsal carinae of femora brown. Wings as in male. Abdomen marked as in male, but with bluish white instead of yellowish white. Segment 7 with basal annule occupying about the basal fourth. Vulvar scale blackish, robust. Length of abdomen, $, 46 mm., $, 36 mm.; hind wing, $, 23 mm., $, 22 mm. Holotype male, allotype and paratype females in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). This species is closely related to P. davenporti Fraser, but may be distinguished by BNTOM. 7. 7. 20 350 NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA the larger pterostigma, differences in the pattern of the prothorax and the eighth abdominal segment, and differences in the anal appendages of the male. The ptero- stigma recalls that of P. sanguinostigma Fraser, but the anal appendages of that species are quite distinct. FIG. i. Pyotosticta rufostigma sp. n. ^(A-D) and P. davenporti Fraser, (E-F). (A), pterostigma of fore wing ; (B), anal appendages, lateral ; (c), the same, dorsal ; (D), superior appendage from above and within ; (E), pterostigma of fore wing ; (F), superior appendage from above and within. Calicnemia nipalica sp. n. (Fam. Platycnemididae) NEPAL: Phewa Tal, nr. Pokhara, 2,500 ft., 8. v. 1954, J. Quinlan (B.M. Nepal Exped.), 10 (. Head with labium dull yellowish ; genae olive-green (yellowish when immature), labrum and clypeus shining dark brown ; frons and vertex dull black, slightly pruinosed (immature with a dull yellowish, transverse band linking the genae just NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA 351 above the clypeus and another narrow transverse band at the level of the ocelli). With age the outer parts of this band become pruinosed. Postocular spots narrow, yellowish. Antennae black, apices of basal and second segments yellowish. Prothorax black, slightly pruinosed, a small yellowish spot on each side near base. Mesepisternum black, antehumeral stripes narrow, yellowish when young, becoming pruinosed lilac or blue. Mesepimerum black, pruinosed, with exception of lower angle, which is yellowish. Mesinfraepisternum largely black. Episternum, epimerum and infraepisternum of metathorax largely black when mature, largely yellowish when young, with a black stripe along the posterior margin of episternum and a fuscous cloud over infraepisternum. Venter yellowish, becoming fuscous. Legs black, femora yellowish at extreme bases. Abdomen with segment I yellowish, becoming fuscous ; segments 2-6 deep red, faintly pruinosed, 2-5 with a narrow, fuscous, apical ring, 6 with a broader ring, 7-10 black. Anal appendages yellowish, similar in form to mortoni, miniata, etc. Wings with black venation and fuscous stigma. Postnodals 18, 19 in fore wing, 17, 1 6 in hind wing. Length of abdomen, 23 mm., of hind wing, 24 mm. Holotype $ and paratypes in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). In markings of the body, this species resembles C. erythromelas Selys, but that species has distinctive anal appendages. It differs from miniata in the greater degree of black on the head, narrower yellow antehumeral stripes, soon becoming pruinosed and the yellow anal appendages. The similarity in anal appendages of a number of species in this genus makes one wonder whether we are perhaps dealing with subspecies of a widely distributed species, differing chiefly in colour and pattern. Pseudagrion guichardi sp. n. (Fam. Coenagriidae) (Text-fig. 2) ETHIOPIA : Nr. Cencia, 29.^.1948, K. M. Guichard, 18 <$ ; R. Hawash, nr. Moggio, i v.i 948, K. M. Guichard, I <. Head with labium, labrum and anteclypeus yellowish, postclypeus shining black. Frons dull black, with a narrowly interrupted, transverse, yellow band below the antennae, linking up with the yellowish genae. Postocular spots small, yellowish. Occiput yellowish. Prothorax black, with a greenish sheen, lateral margins and a small lateral spot yellowish. Synthorax black above, with a greenish sheen, mid-dorsal carina finely yellowish. Antehumeral stripe narrow, yellowish. The black extends laterally beyond the humeral suture. Sides pale yellowish, marked with black as in Text-fig. 2 A. Legs blackish, femora narrowly marked with yellowish on anterior surfaces at base, posterior and ventral surfaces yellowish. Abdomen black above, heavily pruinosed as far as sixth segment, eighth to tenth segments marked with blue dorsally as in Text-fig. 2B. Lower lateral margins of segments bluish or yellowish. Superior anal appendages (Text-figs. 2C, D) blackish brown, inferiors yellowish. Upper branch of superiors with a small basal as well as an apical tooth. ENTOM. 7. 7. 20 352 NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA Length of abdomen, 29-33 mm., of hind wing, 23-26 mm. Holotype <$ and paratypes in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). This species differs from Ps. kersteni (Gerstaecker) in the more robust lower branch of the superior appendages, the presence of a small basal tooth on the inner margin, the pale labrum FIG. 2. Pseudagrion guichardi sp. n. . (A), diagram of thoracic pattern ; (B), pattern of abdominal segments 8-10, dorsal ; (c), anal appendages, lateral ; (D), the same, dorsal ; (E), penis, lateral ; (F), the same, ventral. and in the form of the penis, which resembles that of epiphonematicum. In the pre- sence of a basal tooth on the inner margin of the superior appendages it resembles furcigerum (Rambur) but it differs in the longer lower branch. From epiphonematicum it differs in colouring and in the form of the anal appendages. Enallagma somalicum Longfield (Fam. Coenagriidae) ETHIOPIA : Errer, nr. Gota, 23^.1948, K. M. Guichard, 4 <, i $. The type specimens of this species are not in very good condition and I am there- fore supplementing the original description as regards colour. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA 353 Labrum, anteclypeus and frons bluish. Ground colour of prothorax bluish. Dor- sum of synthorax black, with blue antehumeral stripes, the latter extending sideways to the humeral suture, bordered externally with a narrow, blackish stripe. First abdominal segment black above, with a tiny blue spot. The median black stripe on the dorsum of the second segment sometimes broken. The number of postnodal cross-veins is variable, the type series showing 7-8 in the fore wing and 6-7 in the hind wing. Perilestes bispinus sp. n. (Fam. Perilestidae) (Text-fig. 3) BRAZIL : Rio Negro, Thomar, ex McLachlan collection, 2 <. Head with labium pale, labrum shining black, anteclypeus pale blue, postclypeus, frons and vertex shining blue-black. Antennal segments fuscous. Back of head metallic greenish black. FIG. 3. Perilestes bispinus sp. n. <$. (A), superior anal appendages, dorsal ; (B), the same, lateral ; (c), accessory genitalia, lateral. Prothorax pale creamy yellow, anterior margin narrowly fuscous, a fuscous, median, longitudinal band on the median and posterior lobes, broadening posteriorly. Mid-dorsal triangle of mesostigmal lamina fuscous. Mesepisternum chestnut, with a narrow paler line on each side of the dorsal carina. There is a narrow, bluish antehumeral stripe extending along the anterior four-fifths of the humeral suture. Mesepimerum largely chestnut, lower angle pale bluish white. The chestnut stripe of the mesepimerum extends across the upper part of the infraepisternum and continues across the sternum before the second coxae. Metepisternum pale, bluish white, with a narrow brownish stripe along the second lateral suture, across the metinfraepisternum and sternum. Metepimerum pale yellowish. Wings with fuscous veins and dark brown stigma. Legs with coxae yellowish, trochanters and femora pale fuscous, tibiae and tarsi very pale fuscous. Abdomen with segment i pale, apical ring pale fuscous. Segment 2 pale fuscous, darker apically and sides pale yellowish. Segments 3-6 largely pale fuscous, with 354 NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA a narrow whitish basal ring, a darker fuscous apical ring and a paler subapical ring. Segment 7 medium fuscous, with a pale basal ring. Segments 8-10 fuscous, 9 with a bluish, mid-dorsal, basal triangle. Appendages fuscous. Wings with 13-14 postnodals in fore wing, 11-12 in hind ; Riv + v arising at level of first postnodal ; IRiii arising, fore wing at level of eighth postnodal, hind wing at seventh ; Riii, fore wing at ninth, hind wing at eighth postnodal ; IRii in all wings under outer end of stigma. Apex of lA about level of origin of Riv + v in fore wing, about half a cell basad in hind wing. Three cells between lA and margin in fore wing, two in hind wing. Abdominal segment 2 with anterior lamina divided to its base to make two slender, finger-like processes, curving outward and ventrally, somewhat hairy. Posterior hamules broad, plate-like, in type series bent inwards and overlapping. Superior anal appendages each with two acute spines arising from the upper margin towards the base, the basal and shorter directed obliquely inwards, the distal longer and directed obliquely outwards. The distal half of the appendage has its inner margin produced inwards and downwards in a large, rounded, sub- triangular lobe, its apex separated from the apex of the appendage by a deep groove. The upper side of the lobe bears some rounded humps. In side view the appendage is slender, its apex sinuously upcurved. Abdomen, including appendages, 56 mm., hind wing, 21 mm. Holotype <$ and paratype < in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). This very slender species runs out in Kennedy's key to the genus Perilestes to gracillimus and attenuatus. From both it differs in the very short lA in the hind wing (2 cells long), the form of the anal appendages, with the two basal spines and the large inner lobe, and in the ventrally and outwardly curved branches of the anterior lamina. Ictinogomphus fraseri sp. n. (Fam. Gomphidae) (Text-figs. 4-6) SIERRA LEONE : Firiwa, g.vi.igi2, Port Lokko, 3. v. 1912, J. J. Simpson, 2 $. Labium bright yellow. Labrum yellowish green, bordered with black and with a median black spot. Clypeus yellowish green with an interrupted, brownish, trans- verse band. Frons yellowish green, blackish at base, which colour extends forward at the centre to the crest and overlaps on to the vertical face. Vertex blackish, with the elevated points yellowish. Occiput greenish, the posterior margin elevated at its centre in a rounded lobe and margined with blackish. Thorax brownish with greenish markings as follows : Mesothoracic collar and the antehumeral stripes, which may be confluent with the collar anteriorly and are dilated dorsally ; some small spots on the antealar sinus ; juxta-humeral stripe clubbed above ; three lateral stripes and a small spot at the summit of the metepi- merum. Legs blackish, anterior femora yellowish beneath. Abdomen black, pattern discoloured, probably yellowish or greenish as follows : Segment i, an apical transverse band ; 2 with a narrow pre-apical band linked to a narrow dorsal stripe ; laterally the pre-apical band passes obliquely forward over the oreillets. Segments 3-6 each with a triangular mid-dorsal basal spot, NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ODONATA 355 segment 3 also with lateral basal spots and a mid-dorsal pre-apical spot. Segment 7 yellowish, with an apical blackish ring. Segment 8 with a narrow basal ring, 9 with small basal and apical lateral spots, 10 with a lateral spot. Segment 8 with the usual foliation. Anal appendages mainly blackish but superiors paler in apical two-thirds. Superior appendages more upcurved and relatively shorter than in regis-alberti. Inferior upcurved at apex in side view, in ventral view with a U-shaped excision, the arms of the U less tapering than in regis-alberti. Accessory genitalia with anterior lamina not strongly projecting in side view. Inner branch of hamule forming a blunt, FIG. 4. Ictinogomphus spp. , 32-33 mm.: hind wing, , 32-34 mm., ?, 35-36 mm. Holotype <$, allotype $ (Segheria) and paratypes in British Museum (Nat. Hist.). This subspecies is closely allied to A . biordinata kenya Longfield but it differs from it in the scarcely dilated apical segments of the abdomen of the male and the different pattern of the labium. One might question the wisdom of adding yet another subspecies to Atoconeura biordinata, but the fact that there were four males from three localities suggested that the differences mentioned above were not merely individual. The males are very distinctive in their general appearance, with the terminal segments of the abdomen only very slightly dilated. Whilst making comparisons with the other subspecies, a discrepancy was noticed in connection with A. b. kenya. In her key, Miss Longfield states that the labrum of kenya is all yellow, whereas the holotype $ has a broad band of black on the labrum and one of the paratypes has the labrum finely margined with black. ON SOME TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA By D. E. KIMMINS MR. ELLIOT PINHEY, of the National Museum of S. Rhodesia, has sent me for identi- fication collections of Trichoptera taken at Victoria Falls in February, July and September 1957 and also a few from Mount Gorongosa, Portuguese East Africa, September 1957. Over twenty species are represented and the collections include examples of seven new species. Five of these are described and figured in this paper and the remaining two I propose to hold back until more material is available. The Hydroptilidae include a second species of Catoxyethira, a genus hitherto only recorded from the Congo. The Hydroptilid fauna of the African mainland is virtually unknown, a mere seventeen species now being known south of the Mediterranean region. To assist in preliminary identification of these tiny Trichoptera, I am giving a key to the genera already recorded, but I have no doubt that further collecting will soon render it out-of-date. This paper also provides an opportunity to give revised figures of Chimarra intexta Mosely, a species which was described from an imperfect specimen. Mr. Pinhey has generously allowed me to retain the types of the new species, and also such other material as was needed, for the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). Chimarra fuscipes sp. n. (Philopotamidae) (Text-fig, i) PORT. E. AFRICA : Mt. Gorongosa, ix.i957, E. Pinhey, i $. S. AFRICA : Natal, National Park, iii.1932, J. Ogilvie, i $, Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent., B.M. 1941-88. Head and thorax bright reddish yellow, with golden hairs. Antenna fuscous, the basal segment reddish yellow. Palpi fuscous. Legs yellowish, the tarsi and also the anterior tibiae fuscous, spurs fuscous. Abdomen yellowish fuscous, genital segment darker. Wings pale fuscous, with fuscous pubescence. In fore wing, Rs arises only slightly distad to base of thyridial cell. Median cell a little shorter than discoidal. Fork R sessile, fork M l shorter than its footstalk. In hind wing fork M 1 also with a long footstalk, fork Cu la only slightly longer than its footstalk. <$ GENITALIA. Eighth segment with its tergite forming a hood overhanging the ninth, its sternite somewhat produced at its centre. Ninth segment narrowed to a transverse rib dorsally, its ventral surface with a long, slender, slightly clavate ventral process. Median lobe of tenth segment bifid, each branch rounded apically and with a rounded swelling on the outer margin beyond midway. Four or five sensillae on upper surface. Lateral lobes about as long as median, situated below it and separated 360 TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA by an ovate excision. The outer apical angle is produced in a triangular tooth. Superior appendage small, ear-like. Aedeagus containing two blackish spines. Clasper subtriangular in side view, upper margin concave, lower convex, apex slightly concave and incurved, bearing four inwardly directed teeth. Length of fore wing, 8 mm. FIG. i. CMmarra fuscipes sp. n. < genitalia. (A), lateral ; (B), dorsal ; (c), ventral, aedeagus and median lobe of tenth segment omitted ; (D), right clasper, from behind. <$ holotype (Mt. Gorongosa) mounted as microscope preparation, <$ paratype pinned. This species appears to be related to C. ruficeps Ulmer in the general pattern of the <$ genitalia and in the reddish yellow head and thorax. It differs in the thorax entirely reddish yellow, the bifid median lobe of the tenth segment and the more triangular clasper, whose upper margin is concave and apical margin armed with four inturned teeth. TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA 361 Chimarra intexta Mosely (Text-fig. 2) Amongst some accessions presented by the Commonwealth Institute of Entomo- logy were two males of this species from the type locality (Njala, Sierra Leone). Mosely had only an incomplete specimen of the male, and the additional material confirms the supposition in my recent paper that the type was considerably more damaged than Mosely believed. Not only was one of the lateral lobes of the tenth segment destroyed, but the entire apical portion of the aedeagus was missing. The new material shows that the apex of the aedeagus terminates in two strong spines and within are two smaller spines. The " semi-transparent penis-sheaths " mentioned by Mosely were probably part of the damaged aedeagus. The lower angles of the lateral lobes of the tenth segment turn out more than is shown in the FIG. 2. Chimarra intexta Mosely, $ genitalia. (A), lateral ; (B), apex of aedeagus, dorsal. original illustration. I am giving new figures of the $ genitalia in side view and of the apex of the aedeagus in dorsal view. Chimarra cognata Kimmins resembles C. intexta not only in the form of the clasper but in the structure of the aedeagus also. Pseudoneureclipsis truncata sp. n. (Polycentropodidae) (Text-fig. 3). S. RHODESIA : Victoria Falls, ii . 1957, E. Pinhey, 5 ^. Insects collected in alcohol. Head dark fuscous, eyes large, globose, antenna ochraceous, palpi pale fuscous. Thorax, wings and legs pale fuscous. Fore wing with fork R 2 about as long as its footstalk, fork R^ sessile, fork M x with a short footstalk, fork M 3 sessile, vein Cu not forked. Median cell extending basally to apex of thyridial cell. In hind wing, forks R, M and Cu la present and stalked. $ GENITALIA, Ninth segment narrowed dorsally to a transverse band. Median 362 TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA lobe of tenth segment divided apically into two rounded, setose lobes, which in side view project above the lateral lobes. The latter are separated from the median lobe by a deep, narrow excision, extending almost to the base of the tenth segment, in side view bluntly pointed at apex, in dorsal view terminating in a short finger. Arising from the ventral surface of the tenth segment are two claw-like paraproctal processes, directed caudad, from above straight, hooked outwards at apex. Aedeagus slender, cylindrical, apical membrane clothed with minute spinules ; two spiniform FIG. 3. Pseudoneureclipsis truncata sp. n. (A-C) and Ps. mlangensis Mosely, paratype, (D-E), ( genitalia. (A), lateral ; (B), tenth segment, dorsal ; (c), left clasper, dorsal ; (D), right half of tenth segment, dorsal ; (E), left clasper, dorsal, TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA 363 parameres. Gaspers fused basally, from side quadrate, apical margin truncate, clothed with microscopic setae. There is an upper branch (? second segment) fused to the dorsal margin of the clasper, abruptly narrowed and hooked inwards apically, apex from above rounded. Above the base of the claspers are two rounded, setose lobes. Length of fore wing, 5 mm. $ holotype mounted as microscope preparation, <$ paratypes in British Museum (Nat. Hist.) and National Museum of S. Rhodesia, Bulawayo. This species is closely related to Ps. mlangensis Mosely, but differs in details of <$ genitalia. The tenth segment is more deeply excised and the lateral lobes are narrower in dorsal view. Branches of the median lobe narrower and more rounded apically in dorsal view. Paraproctal processes less curved. Clasper in side view with a truncate apical margin, relatively shorter. Upper branch less acute in dorsal view. Family HYDROPTILIDAE In this family, the " Micros " of the Trichoptera, fourteen species have so far been recorded from the African mainland, south of the Mediterranean region. There must be a vast number of species still to be found, since almost every collection brings in a few new species and this from the Victoria Falls is no exception, providing yet three more. In the hope that it may encourage collectors to pay more attention to these tiny insects, I give below a provisional key to the Hydroptilid genera already recorded from the Mainland. 1. Ocelli present (sometimes inconspicuous) ........ 2 - Ocelli absent ............. 5 2. Tibial spurs o . 3 . 4 ............ 3 - Tibial spurs 1.2.4. Afritrichia Mosely 3. Wings tapering to long, more or less parallel-sided apices. Venation reduced, no apical forks ......... Argyrobothrus Barnard At least the fore wing moderately broad, not terminating in a long narrow apex. At least fork M l present in both wings ........ 4 4. Only fork M l in both wings (Rs in fore wing forked to make veins R 2+3 and R t+5 ) Catoxyethira Ulmer (partim) - Forks R 2 , R t and M l in fore wing, R t , M : and Cu la in hind wing Ugandatrichia Mosely 5. Tibial spurs o . 2 . 4 ......... Hydroptila Dalman - Tibial spurs 0.3.4. 6 6. Fore wing with forks R 4 and M v ; hind wing with fork M t only Catoxyethira Ulmer (partim) - Fore wing with forks R z , R t and M v ; hind wing with fork R t only Orthotrichia Eaton ? Argyrobothrus sp. Numerous females from Victoria Falls, February 1957 are referred here with some doubt, pending the discovery of males. 364 TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA Hydroptila africana sp. n. (Text-fig. 4) S. RHODESIA : Victoria Falls, 11.1957, E. Pinhey, i <$. Specimen collected in alcohol, much rubbed and rather bleached. Antenna with thirty segments. Scent organ small and obscure. <$ GENITALIA. A pointed process to the seventh sternite. Ninth segment narrowed above and below, lateral apical margins produced in short lobes, which are rounded in side view, lower margin incurved and triangular from beneath. Tenth segment B FIG. 4. Hydroptila africana sp. n. g genitalia. (A), lateral ; (B), aedeagus, lateral ; (c), ventral, aedeagus omitted. forming an elongate, quadrate hood, lateral margins more sclerotized than centre, apex slightly excised. Aedeagus of the normal Hydroptila pattern, titillator broad at its base, tapering to a slender apex. Claspers fused basally, from the side somewhat clavate, apex shallowly concave. From beneath, the lower apical angle is curved outward. Length of fore wing, 1-8 mm. <$ holotype mounted as microscope preparations. This species may be distinguished from the other two species already described from S. and E. Africa (cruciata Ulmer and capensis Barnard) by the absence of the paired sinuous spines (" titillators " TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA 365 of Barnard), which are a conspicuous feature of these two species, and by the shorter claspers. Hydroptila sp. Two different species, represented by females only, were taken at the same time as the foregoing male and in consequence no attempt has been made to associate either female with H. africana. One of the species has two very distinctive blackish spots on the dorsum of the ninth segment. Catoxyethira pinheyi sp. n. (Text-fig. 5) S. RHODESIA : Victoria Falls, ^.1957, E. Pinhey, 2 <$. (In 80% alcohol.) Head pale fuscous, with fuscous and greyish hairs. Antenna with eighteen segments, very pale fuscous, with two bands of fuscous pubescence, a broad one about midway and a narrower one towards the apex. Ocelli present. Legs pale ochraceous. Fore wing with dense fuscous pubescence. Venation much as in the typical species, C. fasciata Ulmer. FIG. 5. Catoxyethira pinheyi sp. n. <^. (A), Wing venation ; (B), eighth to tenth segments, lateral ; (c), the same, ventral. 366 TRICHOPTERA FROM S. RHODESIA AND PORTUGUESE EAST AFRICA $ GENITALIA. Eighth sternite elongate, excised almost to its base in ventral view. From the side, the upper apical angle is produced upwards in a cup-shaped lobe, from which arises a long, stout, sinuous spine. Ninth segment much reduced and withdrawn within the eighth. From the side, and from beneath, in a cleared preparation, it is very narrow and U-shaped, the upper arm of the U slender and spiniform. Tenth segment membranous and clothed with microscopic setae, forming a hood over the stem of the aedeagus and projecting beyond the eighth segment. Aedeagus long and slender, tapering to a fine pointed apex. Claspers rather obscure, apparently fused to form a plate with a bilobed apex, each arm bearing one or two setae. On each side of this plate there appears to be a slender, acute spine. Length of fore wing, 1-4 mm. J holotype mounted as microscope preparation, <$ paratype in National Museum of S. Rhodesia. This species differs from the generic diagnosis in possessing ocelli, which are however not conspicuous. It further differs from the characters given in Barnard's key to the S. African Hydroptilidae in possessing an anal lobe to the fore wing. It agrees with the generic diagnosis in its spur formula, the general pattern of the venation and in the strong spines of the eighth sternite of the male. I have therefore decided to retain it in the genus Catoxyethira. It differs from C. fasciata in its much larger eighth segment and less digitate claspers. Orthotrichia spinicauda sp. n. (Text-figs. 6-7) S. RHODESIA : Victoria Falls, ii., ix.igsy, E. Pinhey, 6 $, 7 $. (In 80% alcohol.) Head and thorax pale fuscous, with fuscous and greyish hairs. Antennae dull luteous, with sparse fuscous pubescence, about thirty-segmented ( Perak, Grik, 31 . vii. 1957 (/. A. Hislop). Recorded doubtfully from Malaya by Cbt. & Pend, NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN BUTTERFLIES FROM MALAYA 391 57. Caltoris tulsi tulsi (Nic., 1884) , viii.1922 (G. Howes}. Holotype and other specimens all in the British Museum. Genus CRICOTOPUS Wulp Cricotopus van der Wulp, 1874, Tijdschr. Ent. 17 : 132 ; Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Land. 77 : 317 ; Freeman, 1956, Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.} Entom. 4 : 303. Orthocladius Hutton, 1902, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 34 : 183 (in part). Eyes densely pubescent ; humeral pits small, dorso-central hairs minute and decumbent, the punctures from which they arise scarcely visible under a binocular microscope ; abdomen often with yellow markings, hypopygium and female cerci often white ; hypopygium lacking anal point ; tibiae, especially anterior pair, often with a broad white ring ; wings without visible microtrichia ; squama fringed. KEY TO NEW ZEALAND SPECIES OF Cricotopus Anterior and middle tibiae with white ring in basal half . . zealandicus sp. n. All tibiae uniformly brown cingulatus Hutton Cricotopus zealandicus sp. n. Scutum shining, stripes partially fused, shoulders yellow, legs with white bands on at least front and middle tibiae, pulvilli absent, abdomen yellow on segment i and parts of 2, 4 and 5 and hypopygium. This species is very similar to the Palaearctic species triannulatus Macquart but shows differences in leg colour and in hypopygial structure. Male. Wing length 2-3-2-5 mm. Head yellowish brown, mouthparts and antennae blackish, A.R. about 1-2, eyes densely pubescent. Thorax shining and with yellow background ; stripes black and more or less fused but brown at points of fusion and in prescutellar area ; scutellum, postnotum and sternopleuron black. Legs blackish or brown, anterior pair darker than others, anterior and middle tibiae with a white ring in basal half, this ring is sometimes present also on posterior tibia ; pulvilli absent, L.R. 0-8. Wings normal for the genus. Abdomen black with yellow markings ; segment i completely yellow, 2 yellow on basal half, 3 black, 4 and 5 yellow on basal two-thirds, remainder black except for hypopygium which is yellow. Hypopygium without anal point, inner lobe of coxite not free but low and oval, styles of even width and with a triangular point near the apical spine. 4 i4 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) Female. Antennae with seven segments, thorax paler than in male, stripes smaller, browner and well separated, leg markings distinct on all legs, abdomen with segments 4 and 5 almost completely yellow, cerci whitish. Holotype male, WELLINGTON: Ohakune, iii.igzs (T. R. Harris). AUCKLAND: Okarahia, i <, 11.1925 (A. Tonnoir). WELLINGTON: Ohakune, 6 <^, 16 $, iv-vii and ix-xi.i923 (T. R. Harris). CANTERBURY: Cass, 2 J, ii.i925 (A. Tonnoir) ; Akaroa, 2 $, xii.1924 (A. Tonnoir). OTAGO : Alexandra, 2 <$ (C. C. Fenwick). All specimens collected by Tonnoir are in the Canterbury Museum, holotype and remainder in the British Museum. Cricotopus cingulatus Hutton Orthocladius cingulatus Hutton, 1901, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 34 : 184. From the description it is clear that this is a species of Cricotopus and Dr. Pilgrim has confirmed this by comparing the solitary type specimen with material sent to him by me. It is similar to zealandicus, but is darker, the thoracic stripes are more fused and the abdominal bands narrower. The main point of difference lies in the complete absence of white tibial rings, the tibiae being uniformly brown. The hypopygia of the two species are very similar. Type locality Christchurch, type male in the Canterbury Museum. DISTRIBUTION. WELLINGTON : Ohakune, 4 ^, 9 $ (T. R. Harris). NELSON : Nelson, i $, ix.i923 (A. Tonnoir). Genus TRICHOCLADIUS Kieffer Trichocladius Kieffer, 1906, Mem. Soc. sci. Brux. 30 : 356 ; Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 77 : 328 (as subg. of Spaniotoma) ; Freeman, 1956, Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.) Entom. 4 : 313- Eyes pubescent ; scutum usually shining, dorso-central bristles large and erect, humeral pits unusually large in most species ; wing membrane without either macrotrichia or distinguishable microtrichia, squama with complete fringe, R 2+ 3 ending near mid-way between R x and R 4+5 . Only one species from New Zealand is known to me in this genus. Trichocladius pluriserialis sp. n. Male black except for shoulders, female with stripes more or less separated, prothorax silvery, pulvilli and anal point absent. This species is extremely similar to the African species micans Kieffer from which it may be separated by the bi- or tri-serial dorso-central bristles which form quite broad bands. Male. Wing length 2-2-5 mm. Head and mouthparts brown, antennae blacker, eyes densely pubescent, A.R. 1-5. Thorax blackish, slightly paler at the wing bases and on the shoulders, pronotum silvery ; humeral pits conspicuous but not as large as in some species of the genus, dorso-central bristles bi- or tri-serial, their pits forming broad and conspicuous bands. Legs dark brown, trochanters yellow, pulvilli absent, L.R. 0-5. Wings normal for the genus, halteres yellow. Abdomen uniformly dark brown, hair pits NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 415 conspicuous. Hypopygium without anal point, coxite lobe moderately developed, this and the style similar to the African species micans Kieffer. Female similar to male in general features, antennae with seven segments, thoracic stripes may be partially or completely separate. Holotype male CANTERBURY : Christchurch, R. Purau, X.IQ22 (/. W. Campbell). AUCKLAND: Paiaka, 3 $, xi-xii.i949 C^- ^- Cumber). WELLINGTON: Ohakune, 2 c, 2 $, xi.i922 and iii-iv.i923 (T. R. Harris). CANTERBURY : Christchurch, 3 $, 2 $, vii-ix . 1924 (A . Tonnoir) ; Governor's Bay, i $, ix . 1922 (/. F. Tapley) ; Cass, i <$, i ?, xi.i924 (A. Tonnoir) ; South Canterbury, 3 , ^.1923 (T. R. Harris). Specimens collected by Tonnoir are in the Canterbury Museum, holotype and remainder are in the British Museum. Genus DIPLOCLADIUS Kieffer Diplocladius Kieffer, 1908, Zeit. InsektenBiol. 4:6; Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 77 : 328 (as subg. of Spaniotoma) ; Brundin, 1956, Inst. Freshw. Res. Drottningholm, Kept. No. 37 : 70. Stictocladius Edwards, 1931, Dipt. Pat. S. Chile. London 2 : 279 (as subg. of Spaniotoma). Eyes with short but dense pubescence. Dorso-central bristles distinct, uniserial ; tibial spurs well developed, the outer one of the hind tibia about half as long as the inner, pulvilli absent ; wing membrane with distinguishable microtrichia, macro- trichia absent, costa slightly produced, squama often bare, when fringe present then more or less reduced. Male hypopygium with styles either double or more or less double, apex of style without spine. Diplocladius was erected for a Palaearctic species, D. cultrifer Kieffer and Sticto- cladius for species from Patagonia and South Chile. The only real difference appears to lie in the leg and wing markings of the South American species which can hardly count as of generic significance ; they also possess some hairs on the squama, but not a complete fringe. Of the New Zealand species described below, one (D. pictus) has plain legs and bare squama and can thus in some ways be regarded as a link between the European and Patagonian species. It lends support to Brundin's view that Stictocladius should be treated as a synonym of Diplocladius. This species in wing venation and general appearance is very similar to species formerly placed in Smittia and the wing pattern is not unlike that of S. maculipennis Goetghebuer from Africa. There are also African species, such as 5. hamata Freeman, with hypopygium from which that of Diplocladius pictus could easily be derived. In this connexion it would be interesting to examine the male hypopygium of 5. maculi- pennis, a species unfortunately only known in the female. The other New Zealand species has white ringed tibiae and is similar, especially in hypopygial structure to the Patagonian species pulchripennis Edwards, except that its squama appears to be quite bare. KEY TO NEW ZEALAND SPECIES OF Diplocladius Wings with a single dark band containing a pale area in the anal cell (PI. XI, fig. h) pictus sp. n. Wings with two, browner bands, the outer containing at least one pale area, which is in cell M 2 , and often two or three (PI. XI, fig. g) . . . lacuniferus sp. n. 416 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) Diplocladius lacuniferus sp. n. A brownish species with white rings on the tibiae ; wings with two dark bands, the outer including pale areas, costa retracted, squama bare. Male hypopygium similar to that of D. pulchripennis Edwards, wing markings differ from that species by the more extensive basal band and the pale lacunae in the outer band. Male. Wing length 2 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae brown, face yellow, eyes densely pubescent, A.R. about 0-8. Thorax with yellow background ; stripes, postnotum and sterno- pleuron blackish, dorso-central bristles well formed and erect. Legs brownish, each tibia with a broad central white band occupying rather more than one-third of the segment ; L.R. about 07, pulvilli and tarsal beard absent. Wings (PI. XI, fig.g of female) with two broad transverse dark bands ; outer band not as extensive as in female and not reaching the apex of M 3+4 , in cell R 5 there is a browner area and in cell M 2 an almost clear oval area ; basal band reaching forward across the basal cells to the radius ; costa retracted, squama apparently quite bare, halteres yellow. Abdomen brown, hypopygium pale. Hypopygium (Text-fig. 2, c) not unlike that of pulchripennis Edwards ; short anal point present, coxite with elongate and hardly noticeable lobe, styles oval and without apical spine, basal branch present. Female differs from male in colour of mesonotal stripes, the central ones being yellowish margined with brown, whilst the lateral ones are brown. Wing markings more extensive, as in PI. XI, fig. g. Holotype male and 3 $, CANTERBURY : Cass, xi-xii . 1924 (A . Tonnoir) ; holotype in the Canterbury Museum. Diplocladius pictus sp. n. A very small species, body and halteres brown, legs yellow, wings with a broad blackish cross-band containing a pale area in the anal cell ; costa retracted, eyes pubescent, male styles double, anal point absent. The male hypopygium of this species is similar to that of D. lacuniferus sp. n. and pulchripennis Edwards, differing in the complete absence of anal point and the differently shaped style. It is interesting because of the unringed tibiae, bare squama and retracted costa. Male. Wing length 1-2 mm. Head and mouthparts brown, antennae yellow, pedicel partially brown, A.R. only 0-3, last segment somewhat clubbed ; eyes densely pubescent. Thorax dark brown and matt. Legs yellow, pulvilli absent, L.R. 0-6. Wings (PI. XI, fig. h) heavily marked with a broad dark brown or blackish cross-band, leaving a clear space near the apex of the anal cell ; costa retracted, slightly produced, posterior fork long, Cu a bent, anal vein reaching beyond fork, anal angle absent, squama bare. Halteres with dark knobs and pale stems. Abdomen dark brown or blackish. Hypopygium (Text-fig. 2, b) lacking anal point, coxite lobe fairly conspicuous and NEW ZEALAND CH1RONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 417 hairy ; style with an apparent extra segment at base carrying a narrow process, apical spine absent. Female not known. Holotype male WELLINGTON: Ohakune, iv.ig23 (T. R. Harris) in the British Museum. FIG. 2. Male hypopygia of Orthocladiinae. (a) Metriocnemus lobifer ; (b) Diplodadius pictus ; (c) D. lacuniferus ; (d) Chaetodadius harrisi ; (e) Orthodadius pictipennis ; (/) Smittia verna. Genus CHAETOCLADIUS Kieffer Chaetocladius Kieffer, 1911, Bull. Soc. ent. France, 1911 : 182 ; Freeman, 1956, Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.} Entom. 4 : 325. Spaniotoma subg. Orthodadius Groups A and B, Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 77 : 337-338. Eyes bare ; humeral pits small, dorso-central hairs long and erect, their punctures easily visible ; wing membrane with distinguishable microtrichia, usually visible under the low power of the microscope, readily distinguishable under a higher power ; squamal fringe present ; scutellum slightly and uniformly shining, the 4 i8 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) smooth bare area at its base scarcely distinguishable ; empodium distinct ; Cu usually more or less straight, not sharply bent, anal lobe normally developed. Although I have seen material of three or four species of this genus from New Zealand, I am only able to describe one species here because the others are repre- sented by females only and the descriptions would be unsatisfactory for later recognition of the species. Chaetocladius harrisi sp. n. Uniformly brown, female antennal sensory hairs simple, costa slightly produced, posterior fork beyond r-m, squama with complete fringe, anal point of male practically absent. Male. Wing length 1-6 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae brown, eyes bare, A.R. i-o. Thorax uniformly brown, dorso-central bristles uniserial, but more numerous on shoulders. Legs brown, pulvilli absent, L.R. 075. Wings with distinguishable microtrichia ; costa slightly produced, posterior fork well beyond cross-vein, Cu x slightly curved, anal lobe obtuse, squama with complete fringe. Abdomen uniformly brown, hypopygium (Text-fig. 2, d) with anal point hardly indicated, IXth tergite with a cluster of long hairs at that position, coxite lobe small, style with rather strongly developed microtrichia. Female very similar to male in general structure, in one specimen paler on shoulders and around wing base ; antennal segments almost cylindrical, segment 6 about one and a half times as long as 5, sensory hairs simple. Holotype male, xii.1922 and i $, v-vii.i923, WELLINGTON: Ohakune (T. R. Harris) both in the British Museum. Genus ORTHOCLADIUS Wulp Orthocladius Wulp, 1874, Tijdschr. Ent. 17 : 132 ; Freeman, 1956, Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.) Entom. 4 : 330. Spaniotoma subg. Orthocladius Groups C-F, Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Land. 77 : 344-350. Eyes bare ; wing membrane without distinguishable microtrichia even under a i/6-in. objective, usually at least slightly purplish or brownish ; smooth bare area at base of scutellum usually sharply marked off from dull apical area ; empodium variable, pulvilli absent ; squama fringed, R 2+3 ending distinctly in costa, clearly separated from R 4+5 . Two described species, Orthocladius publicus Hutton and Dactylocladius com- mensalis Tonnoir belong here, but such material as I have seen is in too poor a condition for me to offer redescriptions of them. I have seen also females of two other species but before a proper revision can be undertaken there must be much more collecting and a thorough examination of type material. I am, however, able to describe an unusual species with heavily patterned wings, a character which distinguishes it from other New Zealand species of the genus. The larva of 0. commensalis Tonnoir is to be found living as a commensal on the ventral surface of larvae of species of Blepharoceridae. NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMID AE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 419 Orthocladius pictipennis sp. n. Black with brown legs and dark halteres, thorax with central stripe shining and lateral ones matt ; wings strongly marked with two broad blackish transverse bands ; pulvilli absent ; M 1+2 with a row of macrotrichia ; anal point of male absent. This species is unusual for the subfamily in having strongly patterned wings. Wing patterns are to be seen in some species of Diplocladius , in an African species of Smittia (see above under genus Diplocladius) and also in Orthocladius calomicra Edwards from South Chile. It differs from the last species in the absence of pulvilli, in the approximation of the radial veins as well as in the quite different wing pattern and body colour. The prothorax is more reduced centrally than is usual. Male. Wing length 2 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae black or very dark brown, eyes bare, A.R. 1-3. Thorax totally black, central stripe slightly shining, lateral stripes and prescutellar area matt, dorso-central bristles uniserial, pits very distinct. Legs brown, tro- chanters and bases of femora yellowish, tarsi yellowish brown, anterior tarsi missing, pulvilli absent, empodium well developed. Wings (PI. XI, fig. i) heavily marked with two broad blackish bands as shown ; microtrichia indistinguishable, squama fully fringed, R x and R 4+5 very close, obliterating R 2+3 ; costa strongly produced, Cu bent, An ending opposite posterior fork ; M 1+2 carrying a row of macrotrichia on the apical half; halteres black. Abdomen black, not shining, hypopygium (Text- fig. 2, e) without anal point but with a ridge in its position, coxite lobe prominent, styles with flange near apex. Female resembles male in general features ; antennae with six segments, segments 3-5 with well-formed necks ; wing markings more extensive and encroaching much more on wing tip. Holotype male, xi-xii.i923 and i <$, 1.1924 WELLINGTON: Ohakune (T. R. Harris] both in the British Museum. WESTLAND : Lake Moana, 2 <$, 2 ?, xii.ig25 (A. Tonnoir) in the Canterbury Museum. Genus SMITTIA Holmgren Smittia Holmgren, 1869, K. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl. 8 : 47 ; Freeman, 1956, Bull. Brit. Mus. (not. Hist.) Entom. 4 : 346. Camptocladius van der Wulp, 1874, Tijdschr. Ent. 17 : 133 (in part) ; Hutton, 1902, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 34 : 185. Spaniotoma subg. Smittia Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 77 : 357. Eyes bare or with short pubescence ; wings without distinguishable microtrichia, often rather milky ; R 2+3 ending separately in the costa ; posterior fork well beyond cross-vein, Cu often rather strongly curved ; squama always quite bare, pulvilli usually absent. There are representatives of three or four species in the British Museum but only one, a previously described species, includes males. I am unwilling to describe the remainder without figuring the male hypopygium. 420 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) Smittia verna Hutton Camptocladius vernus Hutton, 1902, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 34 : 185. Thorax blackish, slightly shining, eyes pubescent, posterior fork long, Cu x bent, Cu 2 with false additional fork, anal vein long, male hypopygium with short anal point. I have seen cotypes of this species both from the Canterbury and British Museums. Male. Wing length 1-75 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae dark brown or blackish, eyes densely pubescent, A.R. 1-6. Thorax uniformly blackish, slightly shining. Legs brown, pulvilli absent, L.R. 0-6. Wings without markings, squama bare, anal angle moderate, not right-angled ; costa produced, posterior fork long, Cuj bent, Cu 2 with accessory false fork, anal vein long and curved. Abdomen uniformly dark brown, hypopygium (Text-fig. 2,/) with short, conical anal point, moderate coxite lobe, and flanged style. Female similar to male. Type series in the Canterbury Museum, cotypes in the British Museum. DISTRIBUTION. AUCKLAND : Paiaka, 2 <$, xi-xii.i949 (R. A. Cumber) ; Mount Albert, 3 ^, 4 $, V.IQIS (A. E. Brookes). WELLINGTON: Ohakune, i <, 2 $, xi.iQ22 and v-vii.i923 (T. R. Harris). CANTERBURY: type series, males and females and other specimens, Christchurch ; Governor's Bay, i <$, ix . 1922 (/. F. Tapley). OTAGO : Dunedin, 1^,1$ (C. C. Fenwick}. SUBFAMILY CHIRONOMINAE Eyes with dorsal narrow portion (except in Pseudochironomus and in one or two other non-New Zealand genera) ; male antennae plumose and with 11-14 segments, female antennae with five to seven segments. Pronotum sometimes collar-like, but often reduced and not visible from above, postnotal furrow distinct. Anterior tibia usually terminating on the inner side in a " scale ", which may be rounded and unarmed or armed with a sharp spine ; in Riethia (and the non-New Zealand genus Pseudochironomus) there is a conspicuous spur on this tibia ; middle and posterior tibiae normally with two apical combs composed of basally fused spinules, the tibial spurs are associated with these combs but one or both spurs may be reduced or absent and the combs may be fused or separate. Anterior basitarsus at least as long as, and nearly always longer than, the tibia (L.R. more than i). True base of M 3+4 (m-cu of authors) never present, R 2+3 present, but never connected to R x by a cross-vein ; costa almost always ending abruptly at tip of R 4+5 . Male hypo- pygium not inverted, styles directed rigidly backwards and without terminal spine, coxites usually with two or more basal appendages (reduced and occasionally absent in Chironomus subg. Cryptochironomus) . There are descriptions of seven species of this subfamily in the literature, six being placed by their authors in Chironomus and one in T any tarsus. Chironomus zea- landicus Hudson and novae-zelandiae Kieffer, from an examination of compared specimens and cotypes, have been found to be descriptions of the same species which belongs to Chironomus sensu stricto. I have seen cotypes of C. opimus, pavidus and NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 421 ignavus Hutton and find that all belong to Polypedilum ; the first two I have been able to recognize easily from my material, but of ignavus I have only seen two damaged females which may belong to my new species P. canum but cannot be identified with certainty. I am unable to recognize C. lentus Hutton of which I have seen no type material and Dr. Pilgrim tells me that there is no material of this species in the Canterbury Museum so far as he can see : it is very probably another species of Polypedilum. The species of T any tarsus belongs to that genus and is redescribed below. KEY TO TRIBES AND NEW ZEALAND GENERA OF CHIRONOMINAE 1. Wings with macrotrichia on membrane and with cross- vein r-m parallel to and practically continuous with R 4+5 ; squama bare Tribe Tanytarsini only one genus represented Tanytarsus Wulp Wings usually without macrotrichia on the membrane, when present, then r-m transverse ; squama usually fringed Tribe Chironomini ..... 2 2. Posterior tibia with only a single spur which is normally carried on the small outer comb in those species in which the combs are not fused ..... 3 Posterior tibia with two spurs, that is, each comb with a spur .... 4 3. Pulvilli easily visible in a dry specimen, in a slide mount they can be seen to be divided longitudinally ; anterior tibial scale usually with a small spur ; eighth abdominal segment of male constricted basally .... Polypedilum Kieffer Pulvilli only discernible in slide mounts, not divided ; anterior tibia lacking both distinct scale and spur ; VHIth tergite of male abdomen not constricted basally Paucispinigera gen. n. 4. Wing membrane thickly clothed with macrotrichia .... Harrisius gen. n. Wing membrane without macrotrichia ........ 5 5. Anterior tibial scale rounded and unarmed ; pronotum reaching up to front of meso- thorax, sometimes collar-like ....... Chironomtts Meigen Anterior tibia either with a spur or an armed scale ...... 6 6. Anterior tibia with well-formed black spur with enlarged base ; pro thorax reaching up to front of mesonotum but narrow and not collar-like ; frons without tufts of coarse forwardly projecting hair ....... Riethia Kieffer Anterior tibia with small triangular scale bearing a short sharp spine ; prothorax reduced and far surpassed by mesonotum ; frons carrying a group of coarse hair each side, projecting forwards between antennae . . . Ophryophorus gen. n. Genus RIETHIA Kieffer Riethia Kieffer, 1917, Ann. Mus. nat. Hung. 15 : 203 ; Kieffer, 1921, Ann. Soc. sci. Brux. 40 (i) : 272 ; Kieffer, 1921, Ann. Soc. ent. France 90 : 30. Male antenna with 14 segments, female with six or seven segments, eyes with well-formed dorsal narrow portions. Prothorax applied to front of mesothorax, not collar-like. Anterior tibia with well-formed black spur, the base being enlarged as in Pseudochironomus, other tibiae each with a pair of subtriangular combs carrying a long spur at the apex, pulvilli present or absent. Costa neither produced nor retracted, ending above apex of M 1+2 , squama with complete fringe. Hypopygium without anal point, two coxite appendages present, appendage 2 in at least some species with stout pectinate spines. Kieffer described this genus to include two Australian species, but he did not 422 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) designate either as type species. I have been unable to find any subsequent designa- tion and I therefore designate Riethia stictoptera Kieffer, 1917 as the type species. Australian material of R. stictoptera and Kieffer's original description show that the genus is allied to Pseudochironomus in spur formation but possesses well-formed dorsal narrow portions to the eyes. The Australian specimens and the New Zealand species described below show similar spurs and eyes and, in addition differ from Pseudochironomus in the much reduced prothorax which is hardly visible from above and is applied to the front of the mesothorax much as in Chironomus subgg. Cryptochironomus and Dicrotendipes ; also the costa is not retracted. The New Zealand species is extremely similar to the South Chilean Pseudo- chironomus truncatocaudatus Edwards, and I am therefore transferring this species and melanoides Edwards, also from Chile, to Riethia. The Chilean species have no pulvilli, the New Zealand species small ones, whilst in the Australian species they are well developed, illustrating that this character is not of generic significance in this part of the family. Riethia zeylandica sp. n. Greenish with reddish thoracic markings and plain wings. In the structure of the male hypopygium and the spurs it resembles the South Chilean species truncato- caudata Edwards (see above), but it differs in the presence of distinct pulvilli, by the seven-segmented female antennae, by the smaller size, by the shape of appendage i of the male hypopygium and the smaller number of pectinate spines on appendage 2. Male. Wing length 2-3-2-6 mm. Head green, mouthparts brownish, pedicel reddish, A.R. 1-3, eyes with well- formed dorsal narrow portions. Thorax green ; stripes, postnotum and sterno- pleuron reddish brown ; dorso-central bristles uniserial, prothorax narrow and closely applied to front of mesothorax. Legs greenish brown, L.R. slightly more than i, distinct pulvilli present. Wings unmarked ; costa not produced nor re- tracted, ending above M 1+2 , posterior fork slightly distal to cross-vein, halteres pale. Abdomen green and without darker markings. Hypopygium (Text-figs. 3, a, a') similar in general structure to truncatocaudata but differs as follows : margin of IXth tergite with only four long hairs, styles more pointed, appendage i rounded and not pointed at the apex, appendage 2 with only about six flattened pectinate spines which are placed at the extreme tip. Female similar to male in colour and general structure ; antennae with seven segments. Holotype male and 4 $, 3 $, WELLINGTON : Ohakune, xi.iQ22 (T. R. Harris) all in the British Museum. Genus CHIRONOMUS Meigen Chironomus Meigen, 1803, Illiger's Mag. 2 : 260 ; Freeman, Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.) Entom. 5 : 329. Dicrotendipes Kieffer, 1913, Voy. Alluaud Jeannel Afr. Or. Ins. Dipt. 1 : 23. Cryptochironomus Kieffer, 1918, Ent. Mitt. 7 : 46. Chironomus subg. Chironomus Edwards, 1929, Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 77 : 380. NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 423 FIG. 3. Male hypopygia of Rietha and Chironomus. (a) R. zeylandica ; (a') spine from apex of appendage 2 at higher magnification ; (b) C. (Chironomus) zealandicus ; (c) C. (Chironomus) analis ; (d) C. (Cryptochironomus) cylindricus. 424 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) Male antenna with 12 segments and that of female usually with six ; frontal tubercles frequently present ; palpi usually long. Prothorax reaching up to front of thorax where it may form a collar with or without central emargination ; often with a centrally dividing suture but the two halves are close together and not widely separated. Anterior tibia with rounded, unarmed scale, combs of middle and posterior tibiae large and each with a short spur ; pulvilli large and broad. Wing membrane without macrotrichia, squama with complete fringe. Four New Zealand species of Chironomus, faUing into three subgenera are known to me but doubtless others remain to be found. All are quite typical of the groups to which they belong. Six species have been placed by previous authors in the genus, but, as stated above, it is probable that only two of these really belong here. KEY TO NEW ZEALAND SPECIES OF Chironomus 1. Prothorax collar-like and with a well-marked V-shaped central emargination ; frontal tubercles present (Chironomus s. sir.) . . . . . ... . 2 Prothorax narrower and applied to front of mesonotum, with a centrally dividing suture ; frontal tubercles absent ......... 3 2. Anal point of male narrow (Text-fig. 3, b) . . . Ch. (Ch.) zealandicus Hudson Anal point of male stout (Text-fig. 3, c) . . . . Ch. (Ch.) analis sp. n. 3. Front legs with apex of femur and whole of tibiae and tarsi dark brown Ch. (Dicrotendipes) canterbury ensis sp. n. All legs green with only tarsi darker . . . Ch. (Cryptochironomus) cylindricus sp. n. Chironomus (Chironomus) zealandicus Hudson Chironomus zealandicus Hudson, 1892, Manual of New Zealand Entomology. London, p. 43 ; Hutton, 1902, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 34 : 181. Chironomus novae-zelandiae Kieffer, 1921, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon. 68 : 146 (syn. nov.). A typical species of the subgenus, very similar to others from other parts of the world. Thorax yellowish or greenish brown with greyish pruinosity and dark stripes ; anterior tarsi bearded, abdominal segments dark and with apical third yellowish or greenish, hypopygium with narrower anal point than in the next species. Male. Wing length 4-6 mm. Head yellowish or greenish brown, mouthparts dark brown, frontal tubercles present, antennae dark brown, A.R. about 4. Thorax with yellowish brown back- ground, shoulders and lateral margins paler ; stripes, postnotum and sternopleuron dark brown, prescutellar area usually brown as well ; whole thorax with slight greyish pruinosity. Legs yellowish or greenish brown, dark only at tips of tarsi ; anterior tarsus well bearded, L.R. 1-3. Wings with darkened cross- vein, halteres yellow. Abdomen usually dark brown with about apical third of each segment yellowish or greenish and slightly pruinose, but the size of the pale parts varies and may be greater or lesser ; hypopygium (Text-fig. 3, b) of a very normal Chironomus plumosus type, anal point narrower than in analis sp. n. Female very similar to male, but abdomen darker and rather more pruinose ; anterior tarsi not bearded. I have not seen Hudson's type specimens which are in the Dominion Museum, Wellington, but I have seen a number identified by Hutton who would presumably NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 425 have had access to the Hudson Collection ; type locality, Christchurch. The type series of novae-zelandiae is in the Berlin Museum and I have been able to borrow some of these ; I have marked a male from Wellington as lectotype. DISTRIBUTION. It is a common species and I have seen about 100 specimens from the following localities. AUCKLAND : Paiaka, Mt. Albert, Tamaki, Wairoa. WEL- LINGTON : Ohakune, Makerua. NELSON : Blackball. WESTLAND : Otira, " West Coast ". CANTERBURY : Christchurch, Governor's Bay, New Brighton, Rolleston, " S. Canterbury ". Chironomus (Chironomus) analis sp. n. This species is very similar to zealandicus in general appearance, but the male anal point is much heavier and stouter (Text-fig. 3, c). In colour it tends to be rather paler and the male abdomen is green with a saddle-shaped dark mark placed in the basal two-thirds of each of segments 2-5. In other structural features the two species are identical. Holotype male NELSON: Blackball, v.i92o (/. W. Campbell). WELLINGTON: Ohakune, i $, 3 $ (/. W. Campbell and T. R. Harris). WESTLAND : W. Coast, i <, ii.i925 (T. R. Harris). OTAGO : Queenstown, i <$, xii.igig (T. R. Harris). All specimens are in the British Museum. Chironomus (Dicrotendipes) canterburyensis sp. n. Thorax yellowish green and shining with three dark brown well separated stripes, bristles dark ; front tibiae and tarsi dark brown, all femora dark at tips ; abdomen plain green with dark bristles. Although the male is not known, I am describing this species because it should be easily recognized by the colour and pattern. It is the only species of the subgenus known to me from New Zealand. Female. Wing length 4 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae brown, pedicel yellow ; segments 2-5 of antennae with long narrow necks which are almost as long as basal bulbs, segment 6 one and a half times as long as 5, frontal tubercles absent. Thorax shining yellowish green ; stripes and apical half of postnotum dark brown, stripes separate, prescutellar area green ; dorso-central bristles uniserial anteriorly, both they and lateral bristles dark brown and rather conspicuous against the pale background. Legs with green femora tipped with brown, front tibiae and tarsi entirely dark brown, tibiae of posterior four legs green tinged with brown, tarsi of these legs brown ; L.R. 1-5 ; pulvilli well developed, fifth segment of anterior tarsus half as long as fourth and cylindrical, tibial combs wide, spurs short. Wings plain, squama fringed, R 2+3 ending in contact with R I} halteres green. Abdomen plain green with brown bristles. Holotype female and 2 $, South Canterbury, ii.i-923 (T. R. Harris), all in the British Museum. Chironomus (CryptochironomusJ cylindricus sp. n. Green with reddish thoracic markings and narrow dark bands at the abdominal incisures of the male ; hypopygium with long, narrow, cylindrical appendage i. Male. Wing length 2-5-2-75 mm. 426 NEW ZEALAND CHI RONOMID AE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) Head green, palpi and antennae brownish, pedicel reddish, A.R. 1-5, frontal tubercles absent. Thorax green ; stripes, postnotum and sternopleuron reddish yellow, dorso-central bristles uniserial and pale. Legs green, tarsi darker, L.R. 1-5, combs fused and each with a short spur. Wings plain, squama fringed, halteres green. Abdomen green, segments 1-4 each with a narrow dark band at apex, extended slightly on to the base of each succeeding segment so that band is properly at the incisure. Hypopygium (Text-fig. 3, d) with characteristic shaped styles, long anal point and cylindrical appendage i. Female similar to male but abdomen plain green ; antennae with segments 3-5 lacking long necks. Holotype male South Canterbury, ^.1923 (T. R. Harris}. AUCKLAND : Paiaka, 5 c, ii $, xi-xii.i949 (R. A. Cumber), holotype and other specimens all in the British Museum. Genus HARRISIUS gen. n. Antennae of male with 14 segments, of female with six, although the second segment is deeply indented ; frontal tubercles absent, palpi not reduced. Pronotum much reduced and far surpassed by mesonotum which projects as a cone over the head very much as in Stenochironomus ; acrostichal bristles long and with distinct pits and easily visible as a double row extending back to middle of scutum. Wing membrane thickly clothed with macrotrichia, squama fringed ; R 2 +3 close to R t at the apex. Scale of anterior tibia oval and rather longer than in Chironomus s. str. but not as long as in Stenochironomus, without a spur ; pulvilli present ; combs of middle and posterior tibiae fused and each with a spur. Male hypopygium with two pairs of coxite appendages and without the lengthening of appendage 2 and style shown by Stenochironomus, appendage 2 also lacks a movable spine at the apex. Type of genus H. pallidus sp. n. In general appearance and in most of its characters this genus resembles Steno- chironomus but it is to be distinguished by the hairy wings and differently constructed male hypopygium. There are specimens of another, as yet undescribed, species in the British Museum from New Guinea. Harrisius pallidus sp. n. A small pale green species with yellowish thoracic markings ; readily distinguished from other New Zealand Chironomids by the hairy wings and the male genital structure. Male. Wing length 2-5-2-75 mm. Head, mouthparts and antennae greenish yellow, A.R. 1-5. Thorax very pale greenish yellow ; stripes, postnotum and sternopleuron yellow. Legs greenish white ; anterior tibia subequal to femur, L.R. 1-2, beard absent. Wings quite unmarked and with macrotrichia almost to the base, halteres white. Abdomen pale green, hypopygium (Text-fig. 4, a) simple, appendage I rather long and curved, appendage 2 with a few apical bristles. Female similar to male. NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 427 Holotype male and 4 <, 10 ?, WELLINGTON: Ohakune, x . 1922-!!! . 1923 and xi.i923 (T. R. Harris). AUCKLAND: Kaitaia, i <$, ii.igiy (J. Muggeridge) ; Tuakau, 2 $, 11.1917 (JF. Muggeridge). WESTLAND : Lake Moana, 2.$, xii.i925 (.4. Tonnoir). CANTERBURY: Christchurch, R. Purau, x.1922 (J. W. Campbell] ; Cass, 2 (J, 2 $, xii.i924 (^4. Tonnoir} ; Hilltop, 2 $, 1.1925 (/4. Tonnoir). Specimens collected by Tonnoir are in the Canterbury Museum, holotype and remainder are in the British Museum. d FIG. 4. Chironominae. (a) Male hypopygium of Hanisius pallidus ; (b) hypopygium of Ophryophorus ramiferus ; (c) hypopygium of Paucispinigera approximata ; (d) wing of P. approximata. Genus OPHRYOPHORUS gen. n. Antennae of male with 14 segments, of female with six and segment 2 is deeply indented ; frontal tubercles absent, but frons with a group of long coarse hairs each side projecting forwards between antennae ; palpi not reduced. Pronotum much reduced and surpassed by mesonotum which projects as a cone over 428 NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEM ATOCER A) head as in Stenochironomus and Hanisius ; acrostichal bristles long, arising from distinct pits and easily visible as a double row extending back to middle of scutum. Wing membrane without macrotrichia, squama fringed, R 2+3 close to R t at apex. Scale of anterior tibia not very large, triangular and with a short sharp spine at the apex ; pulvilli present ; combs of middle and posterior tibiae fused and each fused pair carrying two spurs. Male hypopygium with two pairs of coxite appendages, the hairs on appendage 2 of the type species branched at the apices. Type species of the genus 0. ramiferus sp. n. The single species placed in this genus bears a resemblance in thoracic structure to Stenochironomus and Harrisius, but it can be distinguished from the former by the quite different male hypopygium, from the latter by the bare wings and from them both by the two groups of coarse hairs on the frons. Ophryophorus ramiferus sp. n. Thorax pale with reddish stripes, abdomen very dark brown, distinguished from other New Zealand Chironomids by the generic characters and by the male hypo- pygium with its curious branched hairs. Male. Wing length 3 mm. Head yellowish, antennae brown, A.R. about 1-8. Thorax pale yellow ; stripes reddish, sternopleuron and postnotum brown. Legs yellow, apices of anterior femora and tibiae slightly darkened, tarsal beard absent, L.R. 1-3. Wings un- marked, costa rather long and R 4+5 curved at the apex. A bdomen very dark brown ; hypopygium (Text-fig. 4, b) quite characteristic ; IXth tergite of an unusual shape, with anal point at apex of conical extension of the tergite, appendage I simple, appendage 2 with branched hairs along the outer margin, styles contracted at extreme apex. Female very similar to male but abdomen is pale. Holotype male and 9 <$, 13 $, WELLINGTON : Ohakune, xi. 1922-^.1923 (T. R. Harris] all in the British Museum. Genus PAUCISPINIGERA gen. n. Antennae of male with 14 segments, of female with six, frontal tubercles absent, palpi not reduced. Pronotum not greatly reduced, reaching more or less up to front of mesonotum ; acrostichal bristles well developed. R 2+3 only slightly separated from Rj at apex, R 4+5 and costa curved round right to the apex of the wing where they are only slightly separated from M 1+2 which is curved upwards at the apex ; posterior fork well distal to cross-vein ; wing membrane without macrotrichia but they are present on M 1+2 and in the female on M 3+4 as well ; squama fringed. Anterior tibia without either distinct scale or spur, combs of other tibiae fused and each fused pair with only a single spur ; pulvilli only visible in slide preparations and not divided, empodium well formed. Male hypopygium very similar in structure to Paratendipes, appendage 2a small but distinct ; segment 8 not constricted basally. Type species P. approximata sp. n. NEW ZEALAND CHIRONOMIDAE (DIPTERA, NEMATOCERA) 429 From the structure of the male hypopygium this species could easily be placed in Paratendipes, but it is precluded from that genus by the presence of only one posterior tibial spur and the absence of an anterior tibial spur. In the presence of macro- trichia on the medial vein and the approximation of R 4+5 and M 1+2 , the species resembles Polypedilum opimus Hutton but it does not belong to Polypedilum because of the reduced and simple pulvilli, the simple apex of the anterior tibia and the unconstricted base of the eighth segment of the male abdomen. Paucispinigera approximata sp. n. Green with reddish thoracic markings, easily separated from other species by the approximation of veins R 4 + 5 and M 1+2 with macrotrichia on the latter and by the Paratendipes-like male hypopygium. Male. Wing length 2-2-6 mm. Head and antennal pedicel yellow, palpi darker, A.R. 1-3. Thorax yellowish green with reddish stripes, postnotum and sternopleuron. Legs pale yellow, L.R. 1-3. Wings unmarked, venation as in Text-fig. 5, d, M 1+2 with macrotrichia on apical half. Abdomen plain green, hypopygium as in Text-fig. 5, c. Female similar to male in colour, vein M 1+2 with macrotrichia for most of its length, macrotrichia also present on M 3+4 from fork to wing margin. Holotype male and 9 <, 8 $, WELLINGTON : Ohakune, x-xii. 1922 and iv-vii. 1923 (T. R. Harris). MARLBOROUGH : Goose Bay, i <$, iv.ig25 (A. Tonnoir). WEST- LAND: Lake Moana, 3